长兴潜堤后方滩涂圈围工程疏浚土利用研究*

疏浚土正逐渐成为长江口滩涂造地泥沙资源供给的有效补充。长兴潜堤后方滩涂圈围工程紧邻长江口12.5 m深 水航道南港圆圆沙段,航道疏浚土利用的区位优势显著。在调查掌握南港圆圆沙段航道疏浚土产量、分布、土质及稳定性 的基础上,针对圈围工程特点,比选适合的疏浚吹填工艺,并提出可行的吹泥上滩技术方案。结果表明：南港圆圆沙段航 道疏浚土产量丰富稳定、运距短且土质条件较好,可满足圈围工程吹填用砂的要求。各类疏浚吹填工艺中,艏吹和耙吸装 驳工艺的技术适用性较好,现阶段可采用技术成熟的艏吹方案进行疏浚吹填,而耙吸装驳方案可作为备选,待2013年底正 式投入运营时可应用于圈围工程。研究成果为圈围工程吹填开辟了砂源,实现了航道疏浚与圈围造地的双赢。     

Simplified model for evaluation of VIV-induced fatigue damage of deepwater marine risers

A simplified empirical model for fatigue analysis of deepwater marine risers due to vortex-induced vibration (VIV) in non-uniform current is presented. A simplified modal vibration equation is employed according to the characteristics of deepwater top tensioned risers. The response amplitude of each mode is determined by a balance between the energy feeding into the riser over the lock-in regions and the energy dissipated by the fluid damping over the remainder based on the data from self-excited oscillation and forced oscillation experiments of rigid cylinders. Multi-modal VIV fatigue loading is obtained by the square root of the sum of squares approach.Compared with previous works, this model can take fully account of the main intrinsic natures of VIV for low mass ratio structures on lock-in regions, added mass and nonlinear fluid damping. In addition, a closed form solution of fatigue damage is presented for the case of a riser with uniform mass and cross-section oscillating in a uniform flow. Fatigue analysis of a typical deepwater riser operating in Gulf of Mexico and West Africa shows that the current velocity profiles affect the riser's fatigue life significantly and the most dangerous locations of the riser are also pointed out.     

基于参数扰动模型的遥控潜水器滑模控制方法

[目的]遥控潜水器(ROV)的运动控制易受到环境和模型参数不确定性因素的影响,难以达到预期控制效果,针对此情况,提出一种基于参数扰动模型的ROV滑模控制方法.[方法]以标准ROV模型为基础,将环境干扰与模型自身参数的不确定性作为模型扰动参数,建立带参数扰动的ROV模型,并对模型进行解耦得到深度方向的控制模型,基于带参数...     

深水起重铺管船结构强度分析

介绍深水起重铺管船的船型特点,研究这种特殊船型的结构形式设计;结合船体质量分布和波浪载荷预报结果,进行总纵强度分析;借助三维有限元分析方法,对船体艉部结构进行局部强度分析;最后,分析总结该类工程船的设计关键及技术难点。     

深水斜坡式防波堤结构形式及护面块体稳定性试验研究

近年来在一些深水大型港口的防波堤设计中发现,对于外坡设计低水位以下1.0~1.5倍设计波高之间的护面块体,按照现行行业规范确定其稳定重量时,在波浪物理模型试验中往往不能满足稳定性要求,而需提高块体自重,但增加多少合适只能通过物模试验来确定,并没有一个明确的标准作为设计依据。针对这一问题,文中通过较为系统的物理模型试验,得出了所研究的扭王字块体、扭工字块体在临界稳定状态下的块体稳定系数kD,并推荐了可供设计参考采用的计算值。     

泉州湾深水航道稳定性分析

为给泉州湾深水航道的建设提供科学依据,根据实测资料,对泉州湾的水沙特性、地貌演变及航道的稳定性进 行系统的分析,在此基础上对航道工程实施后的泥沙回淤和淤积量进行分析计算。研究结果表明,泉州湾海床稳定性较好,可 以进行深水航道工程的建设。工程实施后的监测结果表明,人工航槽稳定,研究成果给深水航道的建设提供了可靠的指导。     

Computationally efficient approaches to fatigue analysis of deepwater risers

Riser long-term fatigue performance is an important design consideration. Although extensive application of irregular sea analysis in time domain with the rainflow counting technique for post-processing is regarded as the most accurate of the approaches for fatigue analysis, it does suffer from some limitations, such as the computational effort. For this reason, two computationally efficient approaches are employed to perform the fatigue analysis of a deepwater top-tensioned riser, based on the Longuet-Higgins distribution and time domain scaling respectively. With Longuet-Higgins distribution irregular wave sea states are expanded into their individual wave bins. These regular wave simulations are of short duration and consequently run quickly. Using the time domain scaling technique, the number of irregular wave runs can be performed for a comparatively small number of load cases and hence reduces the calculation time. The results showed a reasonable accuracy and significant efficiency for both approaches, compared with those from the equivalent rainflow analysis. With much less computational effort and disk storage requirement, the approaches outlined in this paper can therefore be used for the fatigue assessment of deepwater risers in industry practice.     

深水平台间海底电缆铺设中的ROV选型

海上油气田群中相邻较近的生产处理平台间一般都铺设有电缆，用于提供电力和通讯，较深水平台间电缆铺设一般采用动力定位船来铺设完成，ROV在铺设过程中提供水下支持。结合两个工程项目实例阐述了深水平台间海底电缆铺设的中所用ROV的类型给项目实施带来的利弊。     

在海洋石油工程项目中ROV的基本运作模式

随着海洋石油向深水发展战略的实施，以ROV和饱和潜水为载体进行实施的水下工程技术是整个深水发展中的重要环节，尤其是ROV在深水水下作业中的应用越来越广泛，贯穿于整个油气田的开发、生产和运营的各个环节中。 ROV项目管理是个崭新的课题，安排好整个ROV项目工作及最大限度地调动作业人员的工作潜能对于项目的成败显得异常关键。     

大型深水基础施工方案研究

介绍大型深水基础施工方案的研究,包括双壁钢吊箱围堰定位方案的比选、重型锚碇系统的设计和布置等。