Infrastructure based approach for roadway departure risk assessment

This paper presents a warning device to prevent the roadway departure of light vehicles while cornering. The proposed risk assessment methodology is based on recent works from the authors (Rey et al., 2011b,a; Rey, 2010). Given the random variability arising from the driver, the vehicle and the infrastructure at the entrance to the curve, a probabilistic strategy is adopted to assess the roadway departure risk. The infrastructure-based methodology enables the real curve characteristics to be considered and an alarm triggering decision to be made. Two safety criteria are tested and the potential safety benefits of the proposed warning device are evaluated. Contrary to existing roadway departure warning systems, the proposed approach does not require extra equipment for vehicles; it only requires that the measuring and warning devices be part of the road infrastructure, which is a great advantage in terms of economic cost.     

船舶操纵运动仿真中船舶碰岸检测研究

建立船舶操纵运动数学模型,计算确定相邻的岸线线段和船舶轮廓线线段之间的凹凸关系,提出船舶操纵运动仿真中船舶碰岸检测算法,并对检测到的碰岸情况进行时间步长调整。编制了计算程序,对于船舶轮廓线端点位于岸线内侧和岸线端点位于船舶内部两种船舶碰岸情况进行了碰岸检测仿真试验,试验结果良好,很好地避免了在船舶操纵运动仿真中出现船舶冲上码头或者岸滩的现象。     

盾构穿越对圆形风井结构的变形内力影响分析——以南京纬三路过江通道工程盾构穿越梅子洲风井为例

盾构进出工作井是盾构安全施工的关键。以南京市纬三路过江通道工程梅子洲圆形风井盾构穿越为研究背景,建立复杂的大型三维计算模型,对盾构穿越区域采用实体单元模拟、土弹簧释放开挖荷载的特殊模拟方法,首先对盾构破除素混凝土强度的选取进行优化分析,建议采用C15混凝土,既能减小盾构穿越施工的难度,又能保证围护结构的安全稳定;然后对盾构穿越前后风井地连墙、内衬墙和冠梁等重要围护结构的变形和内力变化规律进行了研究分析,盾构穿越前后,地连墙的变形和内力变化很大,最大增幅分别为45%和228%,内衬墙的环向弯矩和竖向最大正弯矩均存在较大变化,环向弯矩最大增幅200%,竖向弯矩最大增幅54%,冠梁的最大环向弯矩变化很大,最大增幅为1 160%。因此,工程设计时应对地连墙、内衬墙和冠梁内力较大区域加强配筋,以保证盾构安全顺利地通过。     

基于模拟器的AHP-Fuzzy 综合评价在航道规划方案优选中的应用*

航道设计方案在优选过程中涉及到的因素很多,从通航安全角度对设计方案的优劣进行比选,应用大型船舶操纵模拟器结合层次分析法和模糊综合评判法建立了基于模拟器的AHP-Fuzzy综合评价模型,并将其应用到天津临港产业区航道规划设计方案优选中,研究表明该方法可为评价航道设计方案的优劣提供一种新途径。     

栈桥式重件码头设计要点

栈桥式码头的设计要点主要包括:桥式起重机的轨顶高程的确定;轨道梁下净空高度的确定;导堤布置研究;靠泊作业区宽度的研究。对设计要点进行分析探讨,并给出了设计依据和计算公式。     

自适应交互式多模型算法改进探讨

交互式多模型算法是一种较为有效的机动目标跟踪算法.介绍交互式多模型算法的设计思想和算法结构,归纳几种自适应交互式多模型算法的特点及相互关系.通过分析自适应交互式多模型算法的不足,探讨自适应交互式多模型算法的改进问题.     

The impact of route guidance,departure time advice and alternative routes on door-to-door travel time reliability: Two data-driven assessment methods

ABSTRACT

Conventional travel time reliability assessment has evolved from road segments to the route level. However, a connection between origin and destination usually consists of multiple routes, thereby providing the option to choose. Having alternatives can compensate for the deterioration of a single route; therefore, this study assesses the reliability and quality of the aggregate of the route set of an origin-destination (OD) pair. This paper proposes two aggregation methods for analyzing the reliability of travel times on the OD level: 1) an adapted Logsum method and 2) a route choice model. The first method analyzes reliability from a network perspective and the second method is based on the reliability as perceived by a traveler choosing his route from the available alternatives. A case study using detailed data on actual travel times illustrates both methods and shows the impact of having variable departure times and the impact of information strategies on travel time reliability.     

海船上行安全距离驶经南京长江大桥桥墩对策

基于南京长江大桥#4桥孔通航现状对驶经桥墩的上行海船构成的潜在危机,通过对特定航区水文条件、适用规制、涉险因素的分析,应用船舶旋回机理和实船试验数据,提出了以安全距离驶经桥墩为目的的分段式行动模式.依据不同航段水域条件设计了随时空变化的操船对策.为上行海船选择合适通航量的有利时机驶经桥墩提供了操船等让的有效手段.     

H ∞ control design to include nonlinearities. First report: saturation of the rudder

In designing a control system for large vessels, there are two kinds of nonlinearities which must be considered. One is the nonlinearity in equations of motion and the other is the saturation in control devices such as engine output or rudders. These nonlinearities can strongly affect the performance of the control system. A new method to deal with the nonlinearity of saturation has been proposed in this paper. The saturation is considered as a variation of gain in the system. A control system with gain variation can be designed by H _∞ control theory. As an example, a course-keeping control system for a course-unstable ship has been presented. The results show that the method proposed is effective. Received for publication on Jan. 26, 2000; accepted on April 4, 2000     

车道识别过程中搜索车道线的方法

提出了一种在RO I(region of interest)即感兴趣区域中建立搜索窗口的车道识别算法,使其能够很好地处理非理想路况的各种不确定因素,并建立实时动态搜索窗口,除了能精确地追踪车道标志线之外,还能应用于弯路路况。运用LM edSquare曲线拟合算法提高了车道拟合过程的稳健性和精确性。由于RO I的建立,整个识别过程的计算量大大降低,适应实时性要求。