大型集装箱船参数横摇模型试验和数值模拟研究

以4000TEU集装箱船为研究对象,通过系列自航模型试验,确定其在迎浪规则波中发生参数横摇的限界。试验结果显示：在迎浪规则波中,参数横摇通常发生在波浪遭遇周期为横摇固有周期一半的附近;对应不同遭遇频率时参数横摇的发生,存在一个临界波高;航速的增加和舭龙骨的安装将使参数横摇发生的临界波高增加;当有初始干扰时,参数横摇发生的临界波高较小。而且,数值模拟结果与模型试验结果比较吻合。     

混凝土抗裂能力评价模型的解析

综述了目前国内外混凝土抗裂能力评价计算模型,通过综合各方面影响因素,首次建立了混凝土抗裂能力分析模型,并考虑混凝土的经时变化,创建混凝土及其结构抗裂能力评价模型,用抗裂因子Kac作为评价混凝土抗裂能力的数学参数。选择具有代表性的混凝土配合比,分别计算了粉煤灰、矿渣、硅灰、膨胀剂、减缩剂、聚丙烯纤维组分的抗裂因子,通过数学计算得出的抗裂因子的大小顺序表明：粉煤灰、矿渣能够提高混凝土的抗裂因子,而硅灰则降低了混凝土的抗裂因子。掺加纤维、减缩剂、以及减缩剂和膨胀剂复合使用能够提高混凝土的抗裂性能,特别是减缩剂和膨胀剂复合使用能够大幅度提高抗裂因子,与大小圆环、平板法等各种约束开裂试验结果具有很好的一致性。而使用膨胀剂在早期养护不充分的前提下,有降低抗裂因子的趋势。     

风浪流联合作用下RMFC码头运动性能试验研究

RMFC码头作为连岸设施,周围布置有锚泊系统,其工作海域水深很浅,深度随距海岸线距离而变化。由于利用多刚体水动力学的计算分析难以保证结果的正确性,因此,采用试验方法研究RMFC码头的运动性能。假定单元间的接头和系泊系统可有效承担风、浪、流诱导产生的载荷,通过试验研究RMFC码头典型单元六自由度运动,以验证此种RMFC码头布置形式的有效性。     

The value of options for time charterparty extension: an artificial neural networks (ANN) approach

The most frequently associated options in the physical shipping market are options to extend the charter period on time charters and additional shipment options on contracts of affreightment. The value of freight options, in practice, is estimated mostly by referring to forward curves. An option on freight has different properties from its financial counterparts, and the straightforward adoption of theoretical models does not produce promising results. In this paper, extension options, which have the property of options on futures, were transformed into regular European options before the application of the Black-Scholes model (BSM). The efficient market hypothesis, which justifies the parity of the performance of a long-term charter to that of repetitive short-term charters, worked as the basis for the transformation. The option values determined by the BSM were compared with actual realized values. Additionally, the artificial neural networks (ANN) was employed to derive the option values. This study is meaningful as the first-time application of both the closed-form solution and the ANN to the valuation of physical freight options. The research results can contribute to the quality of chartering decisions. The results could also be used in quantifying credit risk, as extension options tend to be granted to charterers with more creditability.     

全回转起重船多系统耦合运动响应仿真分析

根据运动学基本原理,计入船-吊物、船-锚链耦合影响以及起重船自身受到的外环境载荷,建立船舶多系统运动模型。利用MATLAB/Simulink软件进行仿真,对多系统耦合作用下的船舶运动进行数值分析。分别在不同的遭遇浪向角和不同的吊臂回转角下,对船舶在各自由度上的位移进行比较,得到其对船舶运动参数的影响规律。结果表明:起重船运动过程中因计入多系统耦合影响,自身运动也表现出更为符合实际的运动特性,为准确预报全回转起重船多系统的运动响应提供了更为科学的理论依据。     

南海风浪条件下Spar式浮式风机平台的构型及参数

使用WAMIT软件建立了OC3-Hywind Spar式浮式风机模型,联合FAST软件计算了浮式风机在不同工况下的幅值响应算子;结合为南海海域波浪条件优化后的JONSWAP谱,对浮式风机进行了不同工况下的响应谱分析及最大响应值计算;进一步阐述了浮式平台结构构型参数的变化对整体结构在南海相应工况下的运动影响。     

大深度浮力驱动式水下运载器的浮潜运动研究

基于模型试验,对大深度浮力驱动式水下运载器的上浮运动进行研究与分析,基于数值仿真,提出大深度浮力驱动式水下运载器浮潜运动的快速预报方法,并将预报结果与模型试验结果进行对比,证明快速预报方法的准确性。使用快速预报方法,针对水下运载器比重变化、流体密度变化、水下运载器初速度以及水流扰动4种因素对浮潜运动的影响进行研究.此外,对水下运载器作六自由度运动时所受的水动力进行计算,为后续的六自由度运动预报和研究提供基础。     

Mechanism of Tunnel Water Inflow Caused by Bending Failure of a Waterproof Dike Based on a Circular Thin Plate Mechanical Model北大核心CSCD

Water bursts during tunnel construction endanger construction, and it is therefore necessary to reserve a waterproof dike with the required thickness to avoid water bursts and to take reinforcement of the dike and treatment of the structure liable to trigger a water burst. Using the water burst at K5+398 of the Mingyueshan tunnel of the Shanghai-Chengdu expressway as an example, and considering the type of tunnel section and the upright mudstone of the dike, the waterproof dike at the work face is simplified as a round thin plate. A formula for the calculation of a minimum safety thickness for the critical waterproof dike is deduced by analyzing the force applied on the water-proof dike, and the minimum safety thickness for the water burst section at K5+398 of the Mingyueshan tunnel is cal-culated. The numerical simulation analysis demonstrates the critical thickness of waterproof dike at K5+398 of the Mingyueshan tunnel is 1.4-1.55 m, and the calculated water inflow and water burst basically agree with the actual condition. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

Emission rates of intermodal rail/road and road-only transportation in Europe: A comprehensive simulation study

Intermodal rail/road transportation combines advantages of both modes of transport and is often seen as an effective approach for reducing the environmental impact of freight transportation. This is because it is often expected that rail transportation emits less greenhouse gases than road transportation. However, the actual emissions of both modes of transport depend on various factors like vehicle type, traction type, fuel emission factors, payload utilization, slope profile or traffic conditions. Still, comprehensive experimental results for estimating emission rates from heavy and voluminous goods in large-scale transportation systems are hardly available so far. This study describes an intermodal rail/road network model that covers the majority of European countries. Using this network model, we estimate emission rates with a mesoscopic model within and between the considered countries by conducting a large-scale simulation of road-only transports and intermodal transports. We show that there are high variations of emission rates for both road-only transportation and intermodal rail/road transportation over the different transport relations in Europe. We found that intermodal routing is more eco-friendly than road-only routing for more than 90% of the simulated shipments. Again, this value varies strongly among country pairs.     

柳江红花二线船闸输水系统布置与水力学模型试验研究

红花二线船闸是广西西江黄金水道首批重点建设项目,是提升柳江及西江通航能力、实现西江亿吨黄金水道的重要工程,其闸室规模与三峡船闸一致、工作水头近20 m、输水能量巨大。结合工程特点,选择了闸底长廊道侧支孔输水系统,设计了输水系统具体布置,并提出采用汇合廊道改善单边阀门运行输水流态的措施。通过比尺为1∶30的物理模型试验,对不同阀门运行工况下输水系统水力特性、闸室船舶停泊条件、进出水口水流条件等开展研究,推荐了使水力指标满足规范和设计要求的阀门开启方式。