在NT4.0上实现基于PPTP的VPN服务

简要介绍了虚拟专用网络的技术背景,详细描述了如何在NT4上搭建基于PPTP协议的VPN服务器,最后简要阐述了利用VPN技术对铁路信息安全建设方面的意义.     

车门集成控制模块系统方案设计

随着社会科技发展,对车辆智能化配置需求越来越强烈,面对日趋复杂的车门电子控制设计,新增一个功能就增加一个控制器的方式,不但增加了控制的复杂程度,整车线束也更加复杂,同时由于负载受限制,功能上无法做到多样化。故而国内外主机厂已经将分布式控制方式作为整车架构首选。文章采用左、右前门控制模块分别控制该侧车门上各种功能需求的控制方案,通过对模块的电源及信号采集硬件设计、软件系统架构及车窗防夹的软件设计方案,构建分布式控制方式,实现在提升整车性能的同时,达到有效降低整车成本的目标。     

A General Attribute and Rule Based Role-Based Access Control Model

Growing numbers of users and many access control policies which involve many different resource attributes in service-oriented environments bring various problems in protecting resource.This paper analyzes the relationships of resource attributes to user attributes in all policies, and propose a general attribute and rule based role-based access control(GAR-RBAC) model to meet the security needs. The model can dynamically assign users to roles via rules to meet the need of growing numbers of users. These rules use different attribute expression and permission as a part of authorization constraints, and are defined by analyzing relations of resource attributes to user attributes in many access policies that are defined by the enterprise. The model is a general access control model, and can support many access control policies, and also can be used to wider application for service. The paper also describes how to use the GAR-RBAC model in Web service environments.     

基于改进 BiLSTM 网络的地铁车轮磨耗预测模型

针对地铁车轮磨耗数据时间跨度较长引起的长期依赖问题,为了进一步提升预测精度,提出一种将麻雀搜索算法(sparrow search algorithm,SSA)优化双向长短期记忆网络(bidirectional long short term memory,BiLSTM)的改进 BiLSTM(SSA-BiLSTM)网络模型,用于地铁车轮磨耗预测。首先,利用麻雀搜索算法对双向长短期记忆网络算法的神经元个数、迭代次数、输入批量和学习率等超参数在给定范围内进行寻优,得到参数最优值;然后,以参数最优值来构建改进 BiLSTM 网络模型,对车轮磨耗进行预测分析;最后,以车轮踏面磨耗和轮缘磨耗作为研究对象,将某地铁 1 车厢 1 号车轮的现场实测历史磨耗数据作为输入,对该模型进行训练及验证分析,并与多层感知机(multilayer perceptron,MLP)、LSTM、BiLSTM 以及 SSA-LSTM 模型的预测结果进行对比。研究结果表明：SSA-Bi-LSTM 模型的车轮磨耗预测精度更高,与 LSTM、BiLSTM 以及 SSA-LSTM 网络模型相比,踏面磨耗的平均绝对百分误差(mean absolute percentage error,MAPE)分别降低了 13.28%、10.32%、1.47%,轮缘磨耗分别降低了 9.5%、0.46%、0.02%;分别对同一地铁 2 号、4 号车厢的 1 号位置车轮磨耗进行预测,并与磨耗实测数据进行对比,踏面磨耗的平均绝对百分比误差分别为 1.34%、1.42%,轮缘磨耗的平均绝对百分比误差分别为 0.18%、0.19%,验证了本文所提模型具有良好的泛化性,为地铁轮对智能化管理提供理论支持,延长车轮使用寿命。     

浅谈ADSL宽带接入技术

介绍了ADSL宽带接入网技术,讨论了它的工作原理、系统结构及调制技术,并分析了ADSL的发展优势和发展前景。     

土工格栅与粗粒土界面作用特性的直剪试验研究

山区高速公路建设中,常采用单向、双向拉伸土工格栅作为筋材进行路基加筋,路基填料多为移挖作填的粗粒土。以此为背景,采用大型直剪试验方法,就影响筋土界面特性的几个主要因素（压实度、含水量、土工格栅孔径、粗粒土粒径）进行试验研究。通过研究得到：界面摩擦角随着填土压实度增加而增加,随着填土含水量的增加降低幅度逐渐增大;界面摩擦角与土工格栅孔径有一定的匹配关系,存在一个最佳孔径;界面摩擦系数比呈现出随填料中粗颗粒P5含量增加而增大的趋势。     

Design and evaluation of a grade-separated intersection: a case study of the proposed Belgrade ‘Hipodrom’

This paper presents the evaluation results of three traffic solutions for the complex grade-separated intersection located in the old part of Belgrade at the junction with the new bridge over the Sava River. The corridor to which the intersection belongs together with the new river bridge are parts of a great urban artery called the Inner Half Semi-Ring Road (IHSRR). The traffic solutions that are evaluated are defined in the preliminary design phase, based on two opposed concepts: a complete grade separation of all intersection legs (the CPV alternative – ‘grade-separated’) and a grade separation designed to minimise construction costs (DMC 1 and 2 alternatives – ‘minimise cost’). The evaluation procedure is conducted in three steps: first, the score based on expert assessment of the functionality of the design solutions is determined; second, the alternatives are ranked according to the value of a set of state indicators obtained by micro-simulation using PTV–VISSIM 4.10; and third, the final score is obtained by multi-criteria evaluation using the Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method. The results of the first evaluation step show a small advantage for DMC 2, a sub-alternative of the DMC 1 alternative. The results of the micro-simulation give advantage to the DMC 1 alternative. The multi-criteria evaluation provides a better ‘goodness factor’ for the CPV alternative against the DMC 1 alternative. At the same time, the least construction cost favours alternative DMC 1.     

多次喷射对柴油机燃烧与排放影响的试验研究

基于1台高压共轨涡轮增压柴油机,采用不同的预喷正时、预喷油量与后喷正时等,研究了多次喷射对燃烧放热、排放生成与燃油经济性的影响,以实现均质压燃和低温燃烧过程。研究结果表明:随预喷正时提前,缸内峰值压力降低,主燃阶段的滞燃期缩短,NOx和炭烟排放均降低;随预喷油量增加,预喷阶段燃烧的放热率和最大压力升高率增大,NOx和HC排放增大,而PM和CO排放降低;随后喷始点推迟,缸内压力与主放热率峰值差异变小,NOx排放降低,但炭烟排放先增大后逐渐降低。     

抑制异步牵引电机启动峰值电流的控制策略研究

针对直接转矩控制(Direct Torque Control,简称DTC)模式下异步牵引电动机启动峰值电流过大的问题,提出了一种抑制异步牵引电机启动峰值电流的转矩和磁链同步控制策略。根据两相静止αβ坐标系下异步电机的数学模型,利用Matlab/Simulink软件包中的S函数模块和基本模块,构建出交流异步电动机直接转矩控制系统的仿真模型,对其在转矩和磁链不同控制策略下的启动过程进行了动态仿真。仿真结果与目前牵引电机运行的数据接近,证明了该仿真模型的合理性和有效性。这表明,采用转矩和磁链同步控制策略至少可以降低2/3的启动峰值电流。     

双体甲板运输船波浪载荷

以某双体甲板运输船为例,使用DNV船级社的SESAM软件对其波浪载荷进行直接计算分析,并对比分析了采用“规范方法”与“直接计算方法”得到的波浪载荷值。结果表明,该双体甲板运输船属于低速排水型船,其波浪载荷的计算方法与高速双体船差别较大,“规范方法”主要适用于高速双体船及尺度较小的低速双体船。对于船长为60m及以上的低速双体船,采用“直接计算方法”更能准确地计算出其波浪载荷。