大型绞吸船开挖深水航道艉吹装驳工艺

为避免破坏疏浚区水环境,采用大型绞吸船在不炸礁的情况下开挖深水航道岩石,已成为现实。绞吸船通常需对接排泥管线以便将疏浚土吹填成陆域,而在航道中使用绞吸船挖岩在无适合吹距的吹填区时,可采用直接装驳和艉吹装驳两种施工工艺。重点阐述大型绞吸船开挖航道岩石疏浚土处理的新方法,移动艉吹装驳工艺的产生、实施过程的优化改进,并从中梳理、提炼、总结出绞吸船艉吹装驳的输送原理,供类似工程施工借鉴以至推广。     

重型卡车钢板弹簧骑马螺栓拧紧力矩衰减探讨

分别对骑马螺栓在钢板弹簧正反向安装状态下的受力状态进行了研究,通过对骑马螺栓在不同状态下的受力分析对比,得出造成骑马螺栓拧紧力矩衰减的根本原因,最后通过对骑马螺栓拧紧力矩衰减的机理分析,提出了有效减缓骑马螺栓力矩衰减的措施。     

磁阻式传感器在EPS中的应用

为解决接触式转角和扭矩传感器在使用寿命及测量精度方面的问题,研制出一种非接触式的传感器,在测量角度的同时,还能测出系统被施加的扭矩。本文介绍了一种基于磁阻式的,集成了转角和方向以及扭矩测量的传感器系统,并对该系统的结构进行相关设计,以实现同时测量转角和扭矩的功能。     

双中间轴变速器副箱主轴的扭矩分析与验证

为提高变速器的承载能力,降低承载部件的失效风险,提高汽车运行的可靠性,对变速器主要零部件的承载能力进行分析与验证已成为变速器设计过程中最关键的环节。文章通过分析并利用静扭试验台架对变速器副箱主轴进行实际工况的加载与校核,进一步探究该部件的承载能力,以确保达到变速器的设计要求。台架试验方法在变速器设计过程中发挥着重要作用,是验证变速器性能的重要手段、     

Common underlying steering curves for motorcycles in steady turns

We study the steady turn behaviours of some light motorcycle models on circular paths, using the commercial software package ADAMS-Motorcycle. Steering torque and steering angle are obtained for several path radii and a range of steady forward speeds. For path radii much greater than motorcycle wheelbase, and for all motorcycle parameters including tyre parameters held fixed, dimensional analysis can predict the asymptotic behaviour of steering torque and angle. In particular, steering torque is a function purely of lateral acceleration plus another such function divided by path radius. Of these, the first function is numerically determined, while the second is approximated by an analytically determined constant. Similarly, the steering angle is a function purely of lateral acceleration, plus another such function divided by path radius. Of these, the first is determined numerically while the second is determined analytically. Both predictions are verified through ADAMS simulations for various tyre and geometric parameters. In summary, steady circular motions of a given motorcycle with given tyre parameters can be approximately characterised by just one curve for steering torque and one for steering angle.     

Optimal preview game theory approach to vehicle stability controller design

Dynamic game theory brings together different features that are keys to many situations in control design: optimisation behaviour, the presence of multiple agents/players, enduring consequences of decisions and robustness with respect to variability in the environment, etc. In the presented methodology, vehicle stability is represented by a cooperative dynamic/difference game such that its two agents (players), namely the driver and the direct yaw controller (DYC), are working together to provide more stability to the vehicle system. While the driver provides the steering wheel control, the DYC control algorithm is obtained by the Nash game theory to ensure optimal performance as well as robustness to disturbances. The common two-degrees-of-freedom vehicle-handling performance model is put into discrete form to develop the game equations of motion. To evaluate the developed control algorithm, CarSim with its built-in nonlinear vehicle model along with the Pacejka tire model is used. The control algorithm is evaluated for a lane change manoeuvre, and the optimal set of steering angle and corrective yaw moment is calculated and fed to the test vehicle. Simulation results show that the optimal preview control algorithm can significantly reduce lateral velocity, yaw rate, and roll angle, which all contribute to enhancing vehicle stability.     

Effective assessment of tyre–road friction coefficient using a hybrid estimator

Vehicle stability and active safety control depend heavily on tyre forces available on each wheel of a vehicle. Since tyre forces are strongly affected by the tyre–road friction coefficient, it is crucial to optimise the use of the adhesion limits of the tyres. This study presents a hybrid method to identify the road friction limitation; it contributes significantly to active vehicle safety. A hybrid estimator is developed based on the three degrees-of-freedom vehicle model, which considers longitudinal, lateral and yaw motions. The proposed hybrid estimator includes two sub-estimators: one is the vehicle state information estimator using the unscented Kalman filter and another is the integrated road friction estimator. By connecting two sub-estimators simultaneously, the proposed algorithm can effectively estimate the road friction coefficient. The performance of the proposed estimation algorithm is validated in CarSim/Matlab co-simulation environment under three different road conditions (high-μ, low-μ and mixed-μ). Simulation results show that the proposed estimator can assess vehicle states and road friction coefficient with good accuracy.     

浅谈地质工作在促进煤矿安全高产高效发展中的作用

通过分析影响双矿集团生产的地质问题,建立以三维地震、无线电坑透、直流电法仪为基础的地质构造探测技术,采取有效的手段有针对性做好矿井地质工作,促进煤矿安全高产高效发展。     

DVVT对缸内直喷增压发动机性能影响的试验研究

通过对GDI增压发动机进行DVVT扫点试验,研究了DVVT对GDI增压发动机外特性性能、部分负荷燃油经济性和怠速稳定性的影响。试验结果表明:对于试验发动机的凸轮轴型线而言,排气VVT的开启对发动机性能起到负面影响;外特性方面,中等转速工况采用较大的气门重叠角可提高体积效率;高转速采用较小的气门重叠角可提高充量系数;怠速和部分负荷工况下,较小的气门重叠角对改善发动机稳定性有一定帮助。     

缸内直喷汽油机喷油及燃烧过程三维数值模拟

对某直喷汽油机部分负荷时的进气、喷油、混合气形成及燃烧过程进行了数值模拟。分析了喷油正时对混合气分布、燃烧性能及排放性能的影响。模拟结果显示,在喷油开始时刻为480°曲轴转角时混合气分布比较理想,达到了分层稀燃的目标。生成物NO的主要来源是参与燃烧的空气中的氮,NO的生成随温度的提高而急剧增加;炭烟生成的条件是高温和缺氧,局部较浓混合气相对缺氧导致炭烟生成。