冷天气起飞时的高度修正研究

对飞机在冷天气起飞时是否应该对高度进行修正问题进行了研究，通过理论分析和实际计算证明：由于冬季低温天气实际温度大大低于标准大气温度，几何高度可能比气压高度低几百英尺甚至更多。因此，冷天气起飞时应该对改平高度进行修正。文中给出了冷天气高度修正的通用计算方法，并以波音公司的图表为例介绍了冷天气高度修正方法。     

Theoretical analysis of natural frequency of externally prestressed concrete beam based on rigidity correction

A dynamic test on externally prestressed simply supported concrete beams separately with three typical types of tendon distributions was conducted. The results show that the natural frequencies of the beams increase with the increase in the prestressing force at,the tensioning stage, and the natural frequencies decrease after the cracks occur in the beams. Following the calculation formula of natural frequency of externally prestressed beam, which was reported in a literature, the natural frequencies of the experimental beams are calculated, and big errors are found between the test results and the calculated ones of natural frequency values. As a result, this paper has tried to adopt two methods to correct the rigidity parameter of the concrete beam in the formula for natural frequency calculation, and to use the corrected formula to calculate the frequencies of the experimental beams. The calculation results indicate a good consistency with the experimental ones, which verifies the feasibility of the corrected formula.     

ISO与ITTC方法在实船航速修正应用对比

介绍了ISO15016：2015和ITTC2017两种实船航速修正方法，对比了两种修正方法的测速要求和修正流程。并通过8种具有代表性的船舶试航数据，采用两种方法对试航数据进行修正，分析了不同环境因素的修正结果，可为今后船舶EEDI测速试验和航速修正提供参考。     

Prediction and mitigation of out-of-plane welding distortion of a typical block in fabrication of a semi-submersible lifting and disassembly platform

Out-of-plane welding distortions of block structures during fabrication of offshore structure will significantly influence its dimensional accuracy and production schedule. Taking a B514 block of a semi-submersible lifting and disassembly platform as research object, typical welded joints and their welding conditions were summarized based on actual welding procedure specification (WPS). Effective thermal elastic plastic (TEP) finite element (FE) analysis with parallel computation technology was carried out to examine thermal-mechanical response. Welding inherent deformations, which are considered as the elementary cause of welding distortion, were then evaluated. With welding inherent deformations as mechanical loading, elastic finite element (FE) analysis was then employed to predict dimensional accuracy of examined B514 block, which has a good agreement with measurement data. In order to ensure the fabrication accuracy with less out-of-plane welding distortion, inverse deformation approach was applied to reduce the out-of-plane welding distortion, and influence of welding sequence on out-of-plane welding distortion was also examined. Both mitigation practices have obvious effect on dimensional accuracy of examined B514 block, while corresponding mechanical mechanisms were also clarified.     

基于BIM的三维地形自动修正和拟合方法

在铁路工程BIM设计中,利用测绘资料生成的三维地形面是BIM设计的基准数据。现有铁路BIM设计软件一般利用已知特征点、线直接生成三角网,由该方法生成的面存在无法反映实际特征以及三角面之间过渡突兀等问题。针对此方法的不足,提出一种基于高斯过程回归模型的三维地形面拟合及修正方法,即利用少量特征点、线拟合三维地形面,也可以在顾及原始曲面三维特征的前提下,利用少量高精度特征点、线进行纠正,得到更高精度的地形面。该方法已应用于京张高铁BIM设计中,为路基、桥梁、隧道、建筑以及站后各专业提供了准确的地形基准,具备良好的实际应用价值。     

斜拉桥初始平衡构形的确定方法

为准确模拟斜拉桥成桥索力分布,在斜拉桥索力模拟常规迭代法的基础上,从迭代初值的选取和迭代加速的超松弛法两方面实现了迭代计算的加速.提出了成桥线形修正的建模坐标迭代法,与迭代加速法共同应用于斜拉桥的初始平衡构形的建立.该方法建立的初始平衡构形快速准确的模拟了斜拉桥的索力分布和戍桥线形,能够作为后续分析的起始状态.通过对斜...     

自卸车焊接变形的控制和矫正

焊接变形在自卸车生产中是普遍存在的问题,焊接变形不仅影响产品的结构、外观、性能等方面,还会给企业带来很大的损失。为此,就焊接变形的原理及实际焊接过程中防止焊接变形的方法进行了简要的论述。     

通过跳车法识别桥梁自振频率的修正计算法

利用加载车辆的竖向冲击作用,激起桥梁的竖向振动,简称跳车试验,这种方法在动力荷载试验中广泛使用。该试验方法起振能量大,并能得到较高质量的自振信号,因此分析精度也较高。但激振车辆附加质量对测试结果的真实存在难以避免的影响。根据动力学计算理论,提出一种新的方法来修正跳车法实测频率,以获取较准确的自振频率。通过对大量样本测值结果与采用文中方法所得到的修正值的对比分析,可以确定该方法的有效性。     

电子海图中航线设计与监视的实时仿真方法

提出了基于国际标准格式(S-57)电子海图平台的航行安全实时仿真方法,主要研究了航线设计和航路监视方法.将指示克里格法应用于航线设计的研究,对海底地形曲面进行拟合并求取任意位置水深值,对离散的条件分布函数进行顺序矫正,保证了阈值区间的合理性.采用人机交互的方式根据船舶的航行信息和海图信息对计划航线进行修正,实现了计划航线可行性的自动判别,改进了航路监视的判定算法,并采用船舶形成碰撞紧迫局面时间(TCQA)和船舶形成碰撞紧迫局面距离模型来判断本船与目标船之间的紧迫局面及碰撞风险,从而有效地监控并提示避碰危险.经航海模拟器验证,该方法准确可靠.     

桥梁结构状态监测系统中挠度自适应修正方法研究

以微电子器件为核心构成的桥梁结构状态监测系统与以钢筋、水泥构造的桥梁之间存在的巨大寿命差异,使得监测仪器的修复和更换成为必然。修复和更换传感器的过程会造成监测数据出现前后不一致性问题,影响到整个桥梁结构状态监测系统的正常工作,而传统上通过重新找一个准恒载工况下的新初始基准点方法在实践中很难得以实现。以桥梁结构状态监测系统中常用的连通管光电挠度系统为研究对象,以监测系统中一个重要监测指标———挠度为研究目标,在分析了连通管光电挠度系统工作原理基础上,对连通管光电挠度系统传感器维修前后导致前后挠度数据不一致的各种因素进行了深入研究,以准恒载工况为基准建立了挠度修正数学模型,在此基础上提出了一种挠度自适应修正方法。该方法有效地解决了挠度数据前后不一致性问题,并在重庆市石板坡长江大桥结构状态监测系统得以成功验证。