链斗式挖泥船疏浚引起的悬浮物扩散规律

挖泥船疏浚施工引起的悬浮物对周围水域环境具有危害。选取链斗式挖泥船为研究对象,开展疏浚引起的悬浮物扩散规律研究。开展现场观测,得到了挖泥船正常作业时在流向和流速接近稳定的潮流作用下悬浮物扩散情况。基于泥沙对流扩散方程,利用现场观测数据,得到了该型挖泥船正常疏浚作业时引起的悬浮物扩散水深平均表达式,可方便、快捷地进行悬浮物扩散范围及其浓度的估算。在此基础上,对该型链斗式挖泥船在天津港施工可能引起的悬浮物扩散范围进行讨论,得到了悬浮物扩散的规律。     

黄河冲积粉土的吸力和强度特性关系

采用GDS非饱和三轴仪对黄河冲积粉土击实土样进行同时控制净室压力和吸力的三轴剪切试验,研究了吸力和土样强度之间的关系．试验结果表明,非饱和与饱和土样均呈现出应变硬化的双曲线形应力．应变关系;非饱和状态下土样的内摩擦角近似等于饱水状态下的有效内摩擦角,同时总黏聚力随吸力增加而线性增大;随着吸力的增大,土样的强度提高,说明吸力对土体具有强化作用;土样临界状态线的斜率是一个与吸力无关的常数,临界状态线在q轴上的截距μ反映了吸力对强度的贡献,对该击实粉土,μ和s呈线性关系．     

大型绞吸式挖泥船台车系统的设计研究

介绍了大型绞吸式挖泥船的台车定位装置的系统原理及组成,并对台车设计中一些关键数据的选择进行了仿真研究,对台车的结构强度进行了有限元分析计算.     

挖泥船定位桩台车系统的构成和功能

定位桩台车系统作为绞吸式挖泥船的一项重要专用挖泥设备,国内设计单位自主设计能力还十分缺乏.文章介绍了定位桩台车系统的功能、主要构成子系统和各主要子系统的功能与型式,并以典型的定位桩台车的相对应子系统为例进行介绍,最后总结了定位桩台车系统的设计流程,可作为研究和设计定位桩台车系统的参考.     

桩柱水流绕流阻力特性及其计算

为解决工程实际桩基码头与桥墩的水流绕流阻力计算问题,以指导涉及桩基的物理模型试验和数值模拟计算等工作。对桩柱绕流阻力特性及其计算的研究做了详细的回顾、归纳与总结,并通过桩柱阻力测试试验研究,完善和发展了桩柱水流绕流阻力特性及其计算方面的理论,且指出了由于试验条件的限制所导致的研究余漏与有待继续完善之处。     

Fluid forces acting on three and four long side-by-side flexible cylinders undergoing flow-induced vibration(FIV)

Multiple side-by-side cylinders are widely employed in many engineering applications. Consequently, flow-induced vibrations (FIV), which have a significant influence on structural reliability, have drawn considerable concern from many investigators. Due to the complicated wake interactions behind the cylinders, the hydrodynamic characteristics of multiple side-by-side cylinders subject to FIV are obviously different from those of a single cylinder. Hydrodynamic force coefficients play an important role in evaluating structural reliability and predicting fatigue damage. However, few relevant investigations have been performed on hydrodynamic force coefficients of multiple side-by-side flexible cylinders, which require further research. In this paper, the hydrodynamic force coefficients of three and four side-by-side flexible cylinders with a spacing ratio of 6.0 are obtained by an inverse analysis method based on the oscillation displacements. In the resonance regions, the hydrodynamic force coefficients of multiple cylinders exhibit variation trends similar to those of a single cylinder, especially at higher reduced velocities. In the mode switch regions, relatively large deviations exist between the coefficients of multiple cylinders and single cylinder. The inner cylinder in the three-cylinder system shows prominently distinctive behaviour compared with the outer two cylinders. For the four-cylinder system in a side-by-side arrangement, the outer two cylinders show relatively slight differences between each other compared with the inner two cylinders.     

国内外疏浚市场现状及发展

随着世界经济的发展，航道、港口等疏浚丁程不断上马，近几年疏浚市场十分红火。本文介绍了同内外疏浚市场的现状及发展。国内疏浚市场正处于供不应求阶段，巨大的挖泥船需求给中国造船业带来了新的契机。     

A study of jack-up leg drag coefficients

The accurate prediction of drag coefficients for truss-type jack-up legs is an important part of a unit's design. Over the past 14 years, a series of windtunnel tests have been conducted on both square and triangular cross-section leg configurations. A calculation method which closely fits the model test data has also been adopted. A previous paper described the early testing and the MMEC calculation method for square legs. Since then, testing and research have continued on both square and triangular leg designs. This paper describes the more recent testing performed on square legs, and it details the testing and the MMEC method for triangular legs. In addition, the effects of cornerpost design and surface roughness are discussed. Several example calculations are provided in Appendices.     

6500m3/h绞吸船用泥泵四叶片叶轮研发

为适应绞吸挖泥船超长排距时的施工需要,在6500m³/h绞吸挖泥船原三叶片高效高压泥泵的基础上,保证叶轮外形尺寸不变、叶轮流道通过能力不下降的情况下,分别对叶轮轴面和轴面流线进行水力设计,设计叶轮为四叶片扭曲叶片,并结合数值模拟对叶片包角进行优化计算,确定叶片包角为138°。通过模型泵试验,对比测试与模拟计算结果,验证叶轮的水力性能。通过对比四叶片与原三叶片高效高压泥泵的性能参数,预测两者在不同土质、不同排距下的生产率与能耗情况。结果表明,四叶片泥泵扬程比原三叶片高效高压泥泵提高了18 m以上,最高效率达到86%,且通过球径均为425 mm;土质为0.2 mm细砂时,研发泥泵的生产率提高了9%以上,排距提高了14%以上,耗功最小值降低了约3.5%。     

柔性立管阻力特性试验数据处理技术

本文提出3种数据处理方法分析均匀来流中柔性立管的初始阻力特性。首先通过分析柔性立管在均匀来流中的变形及振动情况,分离出立管流向的初始变形对应的弯曲应变。根据复杂梁的弯曲变形理论,建立起弯曲应变与平均阻力之间的微分方程。随后,针对试验中获取的立管轴向力及立管表面弯曲应变,提出计算平均阻力的数据处理方法,并进行算例验证与分析。最终使用提出的数据处理方法分析试验数据,得到立管表面各截面处的阻力分布。