桩-土-上部结构共同耦合作用下弹塑性地震反应分析

针对某框架结构进行了在地震作用下桩-土-上部结构共同耦合作用时的上部结构弹塑性动力特性和规律的研究.结果表明:是否考虑桩-土-上部结构共同耦合作用时的弹塑性地震反应分析对计算结果有较大的影响;考虑桩-土-上部结构共同作用后柱应力在不同的楼层有放大现象,按折减系数方法来考虑相互作用并非总是安全和合理的,设计时应充分考虑弹塑性地震反应的影响.     

Dynamic hardening behaviors of various marine structural steels considering dependencies on strain rate and temperature

This paper presents a new formula for prediction of the dynamic hardening effect for various marine structural steels, considering dependencies on the strain rates and temperatures. Dynamic tensile tests are carried out for three kinds of marine steels, 2W50, EH36, and DH36, changing the steel layer in the thickness direction, the strain rates, and temperatures. Considering two thickness layers at the middle and surface, five strain rate levels of 0.001/s, 1/s, 10/s, 100/s, and 200/s, three temperature levels of LT (−40 °C), RT, and HT (200 °C), and two repetitions, the total number of tests is 180. Dynamic hardening is clearly seen at LT and RT regardless of the material type, while dynamic strain aging occurs at HT, leads to negative strain rate sensitivity, and thus elevates the quasi-static flow stress above the dynamic flow stress to a certain strain rate. Dynamic hardening factors (DHFs) are derived as a function of the proof strains of 0.05, 0.10, and 0.15 according to each material type and temperature level. A new formula to determine the material constant D of Cowper–Symonds constitutive equation is developed. The correctness of the proposed formula is verified through comparison with test flow stress curves and reference test data in large plastic strain and high strain rate ranges.     

SiCp／Al复合材料中增强体SiC含量的测定方法研究

在利用内耗法和超声衰减法研究SiCp/Al复合材料阻尼性能的基础上，分析SiCp/Al复合材料超声衰减系数中吸收系数与散射系数之间的关系，提出一种用超声法测定SiCp/Al复合材料增强体SiC含量的方法。与传统的测试方法相比，它具有简便、快捷的优点。     

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随着城市中心商业区的快速发展,其造成的城市交通拥堵已经成为影响居民出行和城市发展的严重障碍.本文以城市中心商业区的混合交通流为研究对象,建立了基于动态分配的交通流诱导优化模型.首先,基于总体费用函数的路径选择概率对城市中心商业区的交通流进行动态交通分配.然后,根据分配结果确定拥堵路段,据此给出不同交通诱导措施,再应用所建模型选择最佳方案.最后,采用VISSIM交通仿真软件,对天津市滨江道商业区的混合交通流进行动态仿真,并针对不同的交通诱导措施,应用所建模型对诱导方案进行仿真和评价,确定最优方案,从而有效地减少交通拥堵.     

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为更科学计算运输通道各种交通方式供给能力的配置量,运用随机效用理论和离散选择模型,建立基于动态广义费用的交通方式选择Logit模型,以郑州-西安客运通道为实例,运用Matlab软件编写程序,进行求解验证.研究表明,交通方式建设成本分摊随分担量变化而变化,并与随机感知系数和出行时间价值一起影响各方式分担率.与现有模型的对比表明,各方式分担率变化幅度与建设成本大小差异并非同向;交通方式选择的广义费用是动态变化的,不能仅仅依据静态的在途时间和票价进行方式分担率计算.该模型既能保证出行者的个体要求又能保障各种交通方式的持续运营,所计算的通道各交通方式分担率更符合实际.     

采用SPT试验对沥青混合料高温性能研究

在SBS改性沥青混合料、PR改性沥青混合料、RS改性沥青混合料车辙试验结果的基础上,分别进行了3种混合料的三轴重复荷载试验、三轴静态蠕变试验和动态模量试验,并对试验结果进行了对比分析,发现动态模量试验结果可以正确表征不同改性类型混合料抗永久流动性能的优劣,并与动稳定度有着很好的相关性,本试验结果可以用作沥青路面设计规范的修订参考。     

基于ArcEngine的农村公路管理系统设计与开发

随着农村公路的建设发展,各地方均建立了高密度、网络化的农村公路,为农民群众出行带来便捷。但同时也给各级交通主管部门也带来压力,如何管好、用好农村公路,成为农村公路建设过后的一项主要课题。探讨农村公路建设管理方案,通过采用地理信息系统技术开发农村公路管理系统,为农村公路管理提供有效支持。     

利用GNSS时序分析辨识大跨桥梁结构荷载响应研究

使用小波分析、功率谱密度等方法,对武汉市阳逻大桥GNSS监测数据进行分析,识别并分离大桥不同位置结构车辆移动荷载响应、车辆振动荷载响应和噪声,首先去除噪声,然后利用信号不同频率特性,分离静态信号和动态信号,从而得到更为清晰的大跨度桥动力响应特性。     

What determines commute time choices? A structural equation modelling approach

Abstract

Many researchers have been attracted by the phenomenon of constant travel time, and the time spent on travel has been an important indicator of understanding travellers’ behaviours. This paper is based on a survey conducted in a university in London which includes both objective and subjective variables in relation to commute time and some demographic characteristics. Two conceptual structural models are examined in order to explore the factors determining travellers’ choices. Results of the analysis reveal some interesting relationships: (1) a positive relationship between age and commute time; (2) females are more likely to read or listen to music during their journeys, and their ideal commute time (ICT) and current commute time (CCT) generally tend to be longer; (3) academic staff tend to have the habit of working during their commute, administrative staff tend to commute longer while students tend to spend a shorter time commuting; (4) normally, a habit while travelling is significantly associated with CCT; those with a habit of reading or working during their commute journey tend to have longer commute times and (5) the relationship between CCT and commuters’ ICT and tolerable commute time is positive; both hypothesised causal relationships are significant so that a loop is formed between subjective and objective variables, and thus a dynamic modelling process could be envisaged as temporal sequences of those variables.