海底隧道长距离全-强风化地层CRD施工方法研究

 厦门翔安隧道陆域端存在800～1000m的全风化土层和全—强风化的岩土互层地层,隧道埋深6～30m,其中6～17m占80％以上,属于浅埋-超浅埋隧道,全部位于地下水位以下,并受厦门地区强降雨的影响,隧道地下水非常丰富,土层遇水即崩解坍塌。隧道采用CRD工法进行施工,主要就上述地层该工法的施工步序、初支参数、施工步长、设备配置等应用结合工程实例进行了论述,并得出了类似地层的施工参数。     

软弱围岩大断面海底隧道预留变形量设置及对钢拱架影响的探讨

 在软弱围岩中开挖隧道,各断面变形值差异很大,这给预留变形量的确定造成很大困难;按预留变形量加工的钢架,难以与随时变化的断面形式及设计要求的轴线相吻合。就预留变形量不定的情况下,可能出现的问题提出了解决的方法。     

土木建筑专业毕业设计中常见问题分析

框架结构设计是结构专业常见的毕业设计选题。设计过程中学生对活荷载的折减、计算地震作用时结构自振周期的确定、重力荷载代表值的统计等荷载及荷载效应的计算以及截面设计中一些问题存在概念错误。在熟悉规范相应规定的基础上,对这些问题进行分析。     

某公路条带式加筋土挡墙的设计与讨论

加筋土挡墙因其良好的结构性能和低廉造价,在多个行业中应用较广。文章通过对一个条带式加筋土挡墙实例的分析,简要说明加筋土挡墙的设计方法,分析了地震荷载对挡墙稳定性的影响,论述了加筋土挡墙较好的抗震性能。     

Passengers’ willingness to pay for airport ground access time savings

There are cases when passengers are willing to pay a premium to reduce the travel time, in particular when the trip has to be made. This paper aims to provide insight into factors that determine passengers’ willingness to pay to reduce travel time for their ground access to an airport. A methodology is developed that comprises two steps: the identification of the passengers with zero willingness to pay and from the rest the estimation of the additional price they are willing to pay to reduce their travel time. For the first step a Probit model was formulated and for the second a linear regression model. To this purpose, data has been collected employing stated preference from passengers at the Athens International Airport. It has been found that a high percentage of passengers have zero willingness to pay, and of the remaining ones those using public transport have a significant willingness to pay to reduce access travel time. The methodology and the models are structured in such a way that their transferability to any airport environment is possible, thus providing a useful tool for decisions relating to airport ground access measures.     

行波效应对大跨斜拉桥减震控制的影响

为了研究行波效应对斜拉桥减震控制地震反应的影响,推导了多点地震动输入下的大跨桥梁减震控制计算方法,以一座大跨飘浮体系斜拉桥为实例,在桥塔和桥墩处设置阻尼器,建立其三维有限元模型,分析了行波输入下半主动控制和被动控制对斜拉桥的减震效果。计算结果表明:半主动控制比较缓和地控制桥梁的地震反应,而被动控制则急剧地控制桥梁的地震反应,因此,要慎用被动控制;行波效应对无控制、半主动控制和被动控制斜拉桥的桥塔均具有很小的不利影响,仅使桥塔内力增大约10%,对主梁均具有显著不利影响,使主梁内力增大近8倍;行波效应对半主动控制和被动控制减震效果的不利影响很小,没有出现明显的控制效果变差的现象。     

Case Analysis on Vehicle Parking and Departure Plans for the National Stadium

As the main venue of the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games, the National Stadium hosted the opening and closing ceremonies, field and track events, and final football games. This paper intends to study the problems associated with vehicle evacuation from the parking lot, and develop evacuation plans. First, the paper analyzes the particular conditions of the parking lot in the National Stadium, as well as its layout and vehicle evacuation. Then, it simulates and evaluates the evacuation plans with the suitably given parameters, based on the real blueprint of the National Stadium and scenarios. Finally, it conducts a comparative analysis on the accuracy and practicability of the vehicle evacuation plans based on the field data collected at the opening ceremony of the Olympic Games. The simulation result shows that the total vehicle evacuation time was 26 minutes and the real evacuation time was 27 minutes on the day of the opening ceremony, which verifies that the study is accurate and practical.     

聚丙烯纤维水泥稳定碎石收缩性能

为了减小水泥稳定碎石的收缩,研究了聚丙烯纤维对水泥稳定碎石收缩性能的影响,分别用千分表支架法和应变片电测法对聚丙烯纤维水泥稳定碎石和普通水泥稳定碎石的干缩性能和温缩性能进行了测试,分析了材料的平均干缩系数和平均温缩系数随纤维掺量变化的规律。试验结果表明:聚丙烯纤维的掺入可显著地减小水泥稳定碎石的平均干缩系数和平均温缩系数,高龄期聚丙烯纤维水泥稳定碎石的平均干缩系数比低龄期的小,而高龄期的平均温缩系数却比低龄期的大;在纤维体积掺量小于1‰的范围内,随着纤维体积掺量的增加,水泥稳定碎石平均干缩系数和平均温缩系数均逐渐减小。可见,在一定的纤维掺量范围内,聚丙烯纤维水泥稳定碎石具有良好的抗收缩性能,应用于路面基层可提高路面的抗裂性能。     

高校大学生思想状况调查分析——以海南省五所高校为例

本文从政治观、就业观、恋爱观、生命观等四个方面对当代大学生的思想状况进行调查。调查结果显示,当代大学生的思想状况的主流呈现了积极向上、健康乐观的发展趋势。与此同时,大学生思想状况中的一些问题需要引起高度重视。     

沥青路面PCI中车辙换算系数研究

通过对国内外车辙换算系数取值方法的研究,结合实体工程的实测数据与实际路况的对比,对现有车辙换算系数的优缺点进行了分析,提出了车辙换算系数的连续式计算公式。研究表明:根据现有车辙换算系数计算方法计算得到PCI指标值,与实际路况多数存在较大的偏差;而采用研究提出的车辙换算系数计算公式得到的PCI指标值,与实际路况有较好的一致性。