The flight perturbation problem

Airlines spend considerable time, effort and financial resources on planning. It is essential to create a competitive timetable and construct a fleet and a crew schedule that utilizes these resources to the maximum. Unfortunately, it is all too common that an airline is faced with the necessity of reconstructing their schedules due to some unforeseen event, for example an aircraft breakdown or a crew member that is indisposed. In this paper, an application that can help airlines solve the complex problem of reconstructing aircraft schedules is presented. A mixed integer multicommodity flow model with side constraints is developed and further reformulated into a set packing model using the Dantzig—Wolfe decomposition. Cancellations, delays and aircraft swaps are used to resolve the perturbation, and the model ensures that the schedule returns to normal within a certain time. Two column generation schemes for heuristically solving the model are tested on real problem data obtained from a Swedish domestic airline. The computational tests show that the application is capable of presenting high quality solutions in a few seconds and therefore can be used as a dynamic decision support tool by the airlines.     

小波变换在风浪研究中的应用

基于小波理论,将实测波高与压力资料减去平均值作为修正后的资料,经小波变换所得系数再将它平方,可以得出能量密度在时间域和频率域上的三维分布特性。将三维分布图对时间积分后,再除以总延时,可以得到波浪与压力在频率上的平均能量,即传统傅立叶变换所得之波谱,对时间积分,可得各瞬间波浪与压力总能量。通过应用认为小波分析在波浪研究上有广阔的应用前景。     

公路隧道超欠挖统计规律研究

采用近景摄影的方法,从隧道开挖毛洞中获取围岩超欠招数据,通过数理统计的方法,分析各类围岩超欠控的数字特征及概率分布,同时得出各类围岩超欠挖在隧道断面不同部位的分布规律,为隧道结构的可靠度研究提供可靠参数,也为隧道工程质量控制提供基准．     

离岸结构所受到波浪载荷与风载荷的组合

给出了确定波浪载荷及风载荷组合特征值的一种新方法,其目的就是要估计波高与风速的非高斯性及相关性对组合载荷特征值的影响。利用Terada的矩估计法,确定组合载荷的统计矩、组合载荷过程导致的方差及波浪载荷与风载荷的相关系数。采用Winterstein的以矩为基础的上通率估计法,确定组合载荷的上通率及极值,数值例题展现了波高及风速的非高斯性及相关性对组合载荷特征值的影响,结果表明忽略非高斯性及相关性会导致组合载荷特征值的低估。     

港口吞吐量变动的内在特征研究

以上海港为例,采用经验模态分解的方法对港口吞吐量的变化特征进行探讨。结果表明港口货物吞吐量具有3～4个月、准6个月、准1年、准2年、准6年的显著变化周期。分析后认为港口吞吐量这些变化特征和波动周期与社会生产和消费具有季节性、国民经济发展规律和宏观调控、国际贸易经济波动等有关。最后,分析指出了模态分解结果对实际工作的指导意义。     

不同材质闸瓦的等效(二次换算)系数近似取值的修正

现时我国铁路普通货物列车与普通旅客列车已用高磷铸铁闸瓦取代中磷铸铁闸瓦,而不同材质闸瓦车辆混编主要发生在90km/h以下的普通货物列车。鉴于铸铁闸瓦和低摩合成闸瓦的摩擦系数均受制动初速影响,所以相关的等效(二次换算)系数要按普通货物列车的制动初速约80km/h进行修正。具体修正的不同材质闸瓦的等效(二次换算)系数推荐用于编制机车车辆每台(辆)等效换算闸瓦力表及其他相关方面。     

Study on fast calibration of a ULA＇s gain and phase error

Array calibration is important in engineering practice. In this paper, fast calibration methods for a ULA＇s gain and phase errors both in far and near fields are proposed. In the far field, using a single sound source without exact orientation, this method horizontally rotates the array exactly once, performs eigen value decomposition for the covariance matrix of received data, then computes the gain and phase error according to the formulas. In the near field, using the same single sound source, it is necessary to rotate the array horizontally at most three times, build equations according to geometric relations, then solve them. Using the formula proposed in this paper, spherical waves are modified into plane waves. Then eigen values decomposition is performed. These two calibration methods were shown to be valid by simulation and are fast, accurate and easy to use. Finally, an analysis of factors influencing estimation precision is given.     

社会主义核心价值观和幸福“集合”式教育研究

对人需要的肯定和价值观的认可,把原本属于不同范畴的"幸福"和"社会主义核心价值观"关联在一起。内化社会主义核心价值观可以把幸福教育作为切入点,树立马克思主义幸福观,践行习近平的幸福观,构建契合政治理想、人文价值与人类情感共生的,社会主义核心价值观和幸福理念两相宜的"集合"式教育模式,实现高校思想政治教育政治定位、价值引领与人文导向的统一,促进人的全面发展,让教育真正回归人性和生活。     

Understanding suburban travel demand: Flexible modelling with revealed and stated choice data

We analyse the choice of mode in suburban corridors using nested logit specifications with revealed and stated preference data. The latter were obtained from a choice experiment between car and bus, which allowed for interactions among the main policy variables: travel cost, travel time and frequency. The experiment also included parking cost and comfort attributes. The attribute levels in the experiment were adapted to travellers’ experience using their revealed preference information. Different model specifications were tested accounting for the presence of income effect, systematic taste variation, and incorporating the effect of latent variables. We also derived willingness-to-pay measures, such as the subjective value of time, that vary among individuals as well as elasticity values. Finally, we analysed the demand response to various policy scenarios that favour public transport use by considering improvements in level-of-service, fare reductions and/or increases in parking costs. In general, demand was shown to be more sensitive to policies that penalise the private car than those improving public transport.     

预处理迭代的性质及其应用

区域分裂并行计算的效率主要归结为解决并行过程中子区域间的信息传递问题．预处理方法是一种改善信息传递的重要手段．文中讨论了预处理迭代的一些性质，提出构造较优预处理的一类方法．在构造预处理的过程中运用参数来讨论条件数的改善情况，还对参数范围作了讨论。