Monitoring Human Activity in an Area Dedicated to the Protection of the Endangered Mediterranean Monk Seal

Mediterranean monk seal populations have declined dramatically and survive in subpopulations scattered throughout their original distribution. The National Marine Park of Alonnisos, Northern Sporades is the first marine protected Area dedicated to the protection of the species in the Mediterranean. A Monitoring and Awareness Project has been carried out in the area from 1993 to 2000, the results of which have produced a detailed profile of the human usage pattern of the Park and indicated a significant reduction of illegal activities in the area. The pattern of human usage has enabled the monitoring team to adjust their efforts in the Park over time and provided essential baseline data for future management. The combined monitoring and awareness efforts have contributed significantly to the conservation of the Mediterranean monk seal by successfully protecting pupping sites and reducing human-induced mortality of the species in the area.     

高填深挖土质路基施工——离军高速十三标段路基填筑施工总结

总结介绍了离军高速十三标段高填深挖土质路基施工中遇到的施工技术问题的处理方案，并取得了较好的施工效果。     

关角隧道防灾救援信号控制方案研究与设计

针对青藏铁路西格二线关角隧道的特殊性,在现有设置遮断信号机的情况下,研究提出一种防灾救援信号控制方案。该方案能安全、有效的控制隧道外列车运行,为隧道救援赢得时间和空间。     

铁路小半径曲线刚构-连续梁桥设计研究

为研究小半径曲线刚构-连续梁桥的受力特点,以某(36+60+36)m铁路刚构-连续梁桥为背景进行分析。采用BSAS、MIDAS、ANSYS建立有限元模型,针对该桥小半径、施工复杂等特点,从弯扭耦合效应、刚度、变形、稳定性等方面进行详细分析,结果表明:该桥具有足够的强度、刚度和稳定性。     

京唐城际铁路速度目标值选择

速度目标值是城际铁路最主要技术标准,不同的速度目标值决定了基础设施、设备及各项配套设施的选择。从京唐城际铁路功能定位出发,通过对客流特点、功能定位、时间目标值需求、经济技术比选等多方面因素的分析,综合得出京唐城际铁路速度目标值推荐采用350 km/h的方案。     

台风的预防预控

防抗台风是海事部门的重点工作之一，只有采取有效的针对性措施才能最大限度地减小损失。     

The effect of the competition between cars and trucks on the evolution of the motorway transport system

Motorways, which were devised at the beginning of their history as dedicated roads intended to be traveled by cars only, are at present also traveled by considerable flows of trucks. This fact has deeply changed the motorway transport system with respect to its original conception, owing to the interactions between two categories of vehicles whose characteristics are very different. These interactions greatly increase the transport cost perceived by car drivers with respect to truck drivers. This paper studies the consequences of this cost asymmetry on the evolution of the transport system when the geometric characteristics of a motorway remain unchanged in time, while transport demand increases. By using a theoretical model of competition between cars and trucks, it is shown that, if both the geometric characteristics of a motorway and the increase rate of the activities that feed the transport demand remain unchanged over time, the competition between cars and trucks, as well as the fact that in general passengers have better transport alternatives than freight, make the increase rate of truck traffic greater than that of cars, causing a progressive increase in the proportion of trucks in the time periods in which a motorway is traveled by both the vehicle categories. Since truck traffic on motorways, at least in Europe, is very scarce on weekends and in holiday periods, in which motorways are traveled almost only by cars, these results seem to indicate a tendency to the specialization of motorways, which are likely to be used in the future mostly by only one category of vehicles in different periods of time.     

BIM辅助铁路隧道施工方案可视化设计应用

基于BIM技术的3D可视化设计环境和4D虚拟仿真环境,研究BIM辅助施工方案可视化设计和虚拟推演的方法和流程,以及施工方案的环境、结构和施工设施等三维数字模型设计原则。针对铁路隧道仰拱与仰拱填充施工特点,利用BIM辅助施工方案可视化设计,建立施工方案的三维数字模型,优化设计仰拱与仰拱填充快速施工装备与工艺,模拟方案的施工过程。结果表明,BIM辅助铁路隧道施工方案优化设计,取得了很好的效果。     

铁路客专信号产品灌封技术的研究

比较各种灌封材料的优缺点，研究在铁路客专信号产品生产中应用硅树脂凝胶灌封的关键工艺，包括PCBA表面清洁、温度控制、配方管理和控制、抽真空、灌封有效期管理和固化过程管理等，特别提出灌封有效期管理的新观点，并进行实践和总结。     

水下盾构隧道管片钻穿引起的涌水突泥治理技术研究

水下盾构隧道管片钻穿会引起大量涌水突泥，对隧道建设及运营造成重大影响，且采取的隧道修复措施将影响隧道的长期运营安全。以某地铁隧道被意外钻穿的实例为工程背景，为确保水下隧道意外钻穿破坏时，可以做到临时封堵有效，永久修复满足百年使用要求，提出修复思路。在水面利用浮船进行海上袋装水泥封堵，然后筑岛截断隧道与海水的联系； 临时封堵后监测管片变形、复核隧道中线，明确钻孔对隧道限界的影响； 通过计算对结构安全性进行评价，明确钻孔对管片结构受力影响较小。在确保隧道钻穿对隧道限界及结构的影响可控后，采取地面注浆、洞内注浆、倒锥形封堵、洞内设置内撑钢板相结合的方案，对隧道钻穿处进行治理，保证隧道的安全运营。在隧道周边施工时，应加强隧道保护意识，避免对既有隧道造成破坏。