Toxic air pollutants and trucking productivity in the US

This paper introduces toxic air pollutants into the measurement of trucking productivity to obtain true productivity growth. Our results show that omitting or ignoring toxic air pollutants in measuring trucking productivity yields statistically significant biased productivity estimates in for 2002-2005. Trucking productivity growth was understated by the traditional productivity measure, because the latter did not account for reductions in truck air pollution over time. We also find that the difference between traditional and environmental efficiency scores was negligible, suggesting that environmental constraint did not distort efficiency in the trucking sector.     

Surface street traffic volume and single-family house price

This study investigates the relationship between surface street traffic volume and single-family house prices in a relatively small city in the US. Hedonic price models are estimated using data from 9670 transactions that occurred between January 1998 and March 2011. It is discovered that parcels fronting or adjacent to a high-traffic street sell, on average, at an 8.1% discount compared to similar parcels that are not so situated. Restricting the analysis to parcels on or adjacent to a high-traffic street, house price and traffic volume are found to be negatively related; a doubling of volume from any particular traffic count, ceteris paribus, reduces selling price by an average of 2.1%.     

Modelling the impact of weather conditions on active transportation travel behaviour

Three weather sensitive models are used to explore the relationship between weather and home-based work trips within the City of Toronto, focusing on active modes of transportation. The data are restricted to non-captive commuters who have the option of selecting among five basic modes of auto driver, auto passenger, transit, bike and walk. Daily trip rates in various weather conditions are assessed. Overall, the results confirm that impact of weather on active modes of transportation is significant enough to deserve attention at the research, data collection and planning levels.     

交通土建类工程造价专业工学结合人才培养模式研究

文章介绍了广西交通职业技术学院交通土建类工程造价专业工学结合人才培养模式的实践现状,分析了开展工学结合人才培养模式中出现的问题,提出了工学结合人才培养模式有效运行的措施。     

城市绿色交通建设与发展策略综述

绿色交通系统对改善城市交通拥堵,减少交通能耗、环境污染,提高城市的宜居性等方面有着积极的推动作用。文章从城市规划和土地利用开发、交通需求管理、交通基础设施建设等方面阐述了城市绿色交通的建设与发展策略,为发展、建设城市绿色交通提供思路。     

柳南高速公路改扩建工程设计方案探讨

文章结合柳州至南宁高速公路改扩建工程项目情况,分析了该改扩建项目的技术难点和重点,阐述了改扩建工程设计的总体思路,并提出了相应的改扩建工程设计方案。     

大跨度双曲拱桥加固拓宽设计及施工方案探讨

文章针对某大跨度双曲拱桥的主要病害及结构性能验算情况,提出了相应的桥梁加固拓宽设计及施工方案。实践证明,该加固拓宽方案是合理可行的,可为其它既有双曲拱桥加固改造提供参考。     

铁路隧道使用凿岩台车与风钻钻爆的比较研究

为进一步分析研究高铁隧道凿岩台车与风钻钻爆的优劣及适用性问题,以郑万高铁小三峡隧道工程为依托,介绍风钻钻爆 的施工应用情况及凿岩台车钻爆在施工应用方面的制约因素,并从施工工效、人员配置、安全性、超欠挖控制、成本投入等方面对比 分析。 主要研究结论如下: 1)采用凿岩台车钻爆,在硬岩条件下钻爆速度较快,Ⅲ、Ⅳ级围岩可通过工法调整来提高凿岩台车的施 工效率,遇软弱围岩时应慎重选用; 2)凿岩台车钻爆与风钻钻爆相比,劳动强度低、节省劳动力、安全风险小等方面具有突出成效; 3)理论分析凿岩台车钻爆较风钻钻爆平均线性超挖小,但实际施工过程中却反之,可通过加强管理来缩小与人工钻爆之间的超挖 差距; 4)凿岩台车对风钻钻爆的优势显而易见,随着隧道施工机械化进程不断地发展,将来一段时间凿岩台车钻爆替代风钻钻爆 施工是未来地下工程开挖的发展方向之一。     

基于X-ray CT和离散元法级配离析对沥青混合料骨架结构力学性能的影响

为从细观角度探究分析级配离析对沥青混合料骨架结构力学性能的影响,基于X-ray CT断层图像扫描技术和离散元法建立三维混合料骨架模型,对不同级配离析情况下的混合料骨架内部受力情况、抵抗荷载性能、应力传递性能等方面进行了对比和研究。结果表明:提出了利用X-ray CT断层图像扫描技术构建更接近于真实形态的集料颗粒模型的方法;骨架结构中较粗集料承受了主要的外力荷载作用;以典型的SMA-16级配为例,4.75~9.5 mm档集料是构成该级配集料骨架的关键粒径;骨架结构中细集料的增多有助于提高骨架的抗压强度,发生粗集料离析时,抗压强度将随着离析程度的加剧而显著地降低;不同的级配离析状态对混合料骨架结构的竖向与横向应力传递性能产生不同影响,其中细集料离析对应力传递性能的影响更大。     

液压升降装置机液伺服系统响应特性分析

本文针对大惯量、大功率特性的液压升降装置起动时,存在快速响应和稳定性较难兼顾的突出问题,分析了阀控柱塞缸特性及机液伺服系统原理,建立了机液伺服系统的控制数学模型,运用经典控制理论分析方法,得出系统开环、闭环传递函数,并在时域内开展了阶跃信号输入下的系统响应特性分析,明确了影响系统性能的参数设计原则,为实际工程设计提供理论依据。