电罗经测定方位角的校准方法及其误差分析

介绍电罗径测定方位角的基本原理,阐述海洋工程中电罗径校正的步骤和注意事项,给出计算公式。分析直接法对电罗径校准产生的误差,提出利用天文测量手段测量船舶方位角的最有利观测条件。     

三角形势阱中杂质和激子性质的研究

本文用变分法计算了三角形势阱中类氢施主杂质和激子的束缚能。给出了不同势阱深度（决定于ｘ值）下，束缚能随阱宽（２ｂ）变化的规律。与方形势阱比较，三角形势阱中的杂质和激子是有更大的束缚能，是一种有较大应用前途和研究价值的结构。     

基于单元模态应变能法的桥梁结构损伤识别研究

桥梁结构损伤识别是对桥梁结构进行安全性评定的一个重要环节。本文首先根据桥梁结构损伤前后动力特性分析,导出由于单元损伤引起的结构模态振型的改变系数;然后,运用结构局部损伤因子法建立单元损伤敏感的指示因子,推导出单元损伤前后的单元模态应变能的变化,并对损伤单元与未损伤单元之间的关系进行了研究。最后,以单元模态应变能的变化率作为损伤定位的判别参数,对桥梁结构损伤定位的识别方法进行了研究,并以一座装配式预应力钢筋混凝土系杆拱桥作为工程实例,通过其在不同损伤情况下计算结果和实测结果的分析和讨论,说明该方法能够比较准确地对结构损伤进行定位识别,同时也证明本文研究方法的正确性和有效性。     

航空电子装备的故障预测法

利用ARMA模型对航空电子装备选定的状态预测量进行估计。实际预测结果表明，当预测状态量选取合适时，用ARMA模型进行预测是比较有效的。     

Computational model of conventional engine mounts for commercial vehicles: validation and application

In this paper, a computational model of conventional engine mounts for commercial vehicles comprising elastic, viscous and friction functional components, which expresses the nonlinear behaviour of the dynamic stiffness and damping of mounts as functions of both frequency and amplitude of excitation, is developed. Optimisation approach is implemented to identify model parameters using measurement data. The developed model has been validated against measurement data for harmonic excitations with a frequency range of 5–100 Hz and an amplitude range of 0.025–2 mm employing three different engine mounts used in heavy trucks. The model shows good and admissible agreement with measurement data keeping the tolerance of estimation below 11%. Simulations of engine vibration dynamics are presented with both proposed model and commonly applied Kelvin–Voigt model of the mounts. The developed model can be used in complete vehicle advanced dynamic analyses and also in the design of semi-active and active engine mounting systems for commercial vehicles.     

Characteristics of new-type energy absorber for vehicle collision

A new type energy absorber was introduced, which is composed of thousands of thin ring plates with different diameters. Because it can switch the impact to thousands of shearing actions among thin ring plates inside the absorber, the impact energy is decentralized and dissipated gradually, the impact acting time is extended and the peak of acceleration is reduced obviously. Numerical simulations by finite element method (FEM) coupled with smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) method were preformed to predict the energy absorption characteristics. Energy absorption ability with different impact velocities was studied and the effects of thickness and material of ring plates were discussed. The sled crash test was carried out to validate the result of simulations. The new type absorber is effective for collision that impact velocity is lower than 40 km/h.     

关于在高铁等客运列车保洁服务中应用新技术的探讨

中国高铁的保洁服务基本上是效仿世界上最早运营高铁的日本，只考虑如何去清洗，而没有从避免或减少污染去思考，技术含量低，成本高，仅上海局用于高铁保洁的费用就达到2亿元／年。为此，本文试图从避免或减少污染人手，论述了光催化和低表面能两类自清洁防污型涂料在高铁保沽服务中应用以降低成本和提高保洁标准的可行性，并对可能出现的问题进行了分析。另外，本文还指出，低表面能涂料完全可以用于解决困扰多年的普通列车被人体排泄物污染的快速清污问题，以及光催化涂料可以用于防止电力系统污闪从而提高电力系统的安全稳定。     

IQ非正交引起的载波和伪码跟踪误差分析

分析了直接下变频导航接收机中，I、Q信号的非正交引起的载波及伪码的跟踪误差。用码环及载波环的鉴别函数的零点来确定最终的跟踪误差表达式，并结合具体的实验测试结果进行了工程近似，分析结果显示载波及伪码跟踪误差与I,Q的相位差、时延差近似成线性关系，故在进行系统结构设计时，可根据系统的精度要求确定是否选择直接下变频的接收机结构。     

船舶碰撞力和能量吸收

本文介绍了船舶碰撞过程的力学机理,给出了三维碰撞动力分析基本方程和方程的求解,以实例显示了船舶碰撞时碰撞力和能量的变化过程。最后还讨论了碰撞保护结构设计的原则。     

大跨径预应力混凝土连续刚构桥应力监控研究分析

分析阐述应力监控对安全进行大跨径预应力钢混凝土连续刚构桥施工的重要意义,分析了振弦应力测试的误差主要来源,提出减少误差的方法。应用桥梁结构分析程序BRCAD对结构应力进行仿真分析,比较分析控制截面应力实测值和理论计算值,测试结果表明应力实测值与理论计算值能较好的吻合。在施工过程中,控制截面实测的最大应力值小于规范的允许值,施工过程安全。