舰船用新型飞轮储能动发一体机综合物理场分析(英文)

A novel flywheel energy storage(FES) motor/generator(M/G) was proposed for marine systems.The purpose was to improve the power quality of a marine power system(MPS) and strengthen the energy recycle.Two structures including the magnetic or non-magnetic inner-rotor were contrasted in the magnetostatic field by using finite element analysis(FEA).By optimally designing the size parameters,the average speed of FEA results of was 17 200 r/m,and the current was controlled between 62 and 68 A in the transient field.The electrical machine electromagnetism design was further optimized by the FEA in the temperature field,to find the local overheating point under the normal operation condition and provide guidance for the cooling system.Finally,it can be concluded from the comprehensive physical field analysis that the novel redundant structure M/G can improve the efficiency of the M/G and maintain the stability of the MPS.     

基于能量法的船体分段翻身吊装方案优化设计方法

分段翻身吊装难度较大,风险较高,目前主要依靠人工经验设计吊装方案,较少有针对分段翻身的优化设计研究。论文首先对翻身过程中吊绳与相关船体构件的典型干涉问题做出干涉评估并提取干涉约束,结合吊点适应度约束确立若干吊点布置方案。然后以在翻身过程中结构的最大应变能最小为优化目标,得到最优吊点布置方案。最后使用结构分析软件验证最优方案的可靠性。     

连云港港混合土的特性指标与挖掘产量关系

绞吸船疏浚典型黏性土、密实粉土粉砂和钙质结核物的混合土时易糊绞刀头,且输送时易堵管。依托连云港港30万吨级航道疏浚工程,对混合土的不均匀性进行分析,从典型土的挖掘比能与船舶施工参数相关性角度,推导出连云港港混合土的特性指标与挖掘产量的计算公式,可预测复杂土的疏浚产量。结果表明:连云港港典型混合土由黏性土、密实粉土粉砂和钙质结核物混合而成,具有多种土质特性;利用推导出的公式预测"天虎号"绞吸船挖掘此类土的生产率,经过与实测值对比,其相对偏差在15%以下,可靠性好,可为类似工程提供借鉴。     

一种车辆段用多回路分时充电系统的设计

储能式有轨电车上线运营前需在车辆段将车载储能系统快速充满电,文章提出一种车辆段用多回路分时充电控制的地面充电系统,介绍了系统组成和工作原理,重点分析了多回路分时充电的控制策略.应用情况表明该充电系统运行稳定,车辆充电资源调度合理,可满足储能式有轨电车运营需求.     

桩芯介质对管式能量桩换热效率的影响

管桩在中国大部分地区已经取得了较多的应用,现阶段能量桩的发展已不再局限于传统桩基础中,管桩桩基中能量桩技术也逐渐得到应用。管桩式能量桩的传热模式有别于传统能量桩,可利用其内壁空腔,提高换热效率,不同桩芯介质条件下,管桩式能量桩的换热效率有较为显著的区别。采用室内模型试验和数值模拟的方法,测得不同桩芯介质情况下管式能量桩及其桩周土体温度场的变化规律,通过控制循环导管内导热液体的流速改变能量桩的循环模式,续而探讨分析不同桩芯介质及循环流速下管式能量桩在实际运行过程中的换热效率。研究结果表明：试验条件下,桩芯介质为水的管式能量桩换热效率要高于桩芯介质为干砂的管式能量桩,且其在循环稳定时的桩身温度变化值和桩周土体的温度变化值也高于桩芯介质为干砂的情况,表明不同桩芯介质对管式能量桩的桩土温度场有显著影响,进一步验证了可通过改变管式能量桩内壁空腔的介质来提高其换热效率的可行性;同时,结合数值模拟结果发现流速的增大可以提高能量桩的换热效率,但是影响较小,而提高能量桩运行时的流速需要耗费额外的能源,表明在实际工程应用中通过提高流速的方法增加能量桩的换热效率具有较低的经济性,实际运行中的能量桩其流速满足建筑制冷供暖需求即可。     

Which factors lead to driving errors? A structural equation model analysis through a driving simulator experiment

As driving error is a main contributory factor of road accidents, its causes and consequences are of great interest in the road safety decision making process. This paper investigates several factors (including driver distraction, driver characteristics and road environment) that affect overall driving error behaviour and estimates a new unobserved variable which underlines driving errors. This estimation is performed with data obtained from a driving simulation experiment in which 95 participants covering all ages were asked to drive under different types of distraction (no distraction, conversation with passenger, cell phone use) in rural and urban road environment, as well as in both low and high traffic conditions. Driving error was then modeled as a latent variable based on several individual driving simulator parameters. Subsequently, the impact of several risk factors such as distraction, driver characteristics as well as road environment on driving error were estimated directly. The results of this complex model reveal that the impact of driver characteristics and area type are the only statistically significant factors affecting the probability of driving errors. Interestingly, neither conversing with a passenger nor talking on the cell phone have a statistically significant impact on driving error behaviour which highlights the importance of the present analysis and more specifically the development of a measure that represents overall driving error behaviour instead of individual driving errors variables.     

基于节能环保理念的公路设计方法探讨

随着近些年来公路建设的大力推进,交通运输行业得到了空前巨大的发展,但是伴随着这种发展,一些环境问题也在逐步的凸显,如生态破坏、大气污染、以及水污染等,环境问题日益严重。在当前国家大力倡导环保节能的背景下,整个社会对于节能环保问题越来越重视,因此在进行公路设计时,如何将节能环保理念进行融会贯通是现阶段所需要重视的一个问题。     

内河航道LNG动力船冷能综合梯级利用设计及分析

针对内河航道LNG动力船发电、冷库和空调需求,对于LNG在气化过程进行冷能梯级利用方案设计,并进行能量分析和[火用]分析.研究结果表明,与直接在环境中气化相比,采用LNG冷能回收,并应用于冷能发电系统、船舶冷库系统、船舶空调系统和缸套冷却水系统,实现了LNG动力船冷能梯级利用.在冷能利用过程中,冷能发电和船舶冷库回收的冷能较大,冷能发电系统[火用]值较高,可有效调节船舶冷库的冷量.     

基于案例的城市轨道交通车站能耗定额标准研究

车站能耗定额标准是城市轨道交通能耗评价和节能工作的重要基础.本文从我国城市轨道交通发展对能耗的需求出发,分析城市轨道交通系统能耗的构成;以北京市轨道交通部分车站为例,分析不同类型车站的设备能耗构成,特点和建筑面积,日客流量,敷设方式,出入口数量等因素对能耗的影响;基于能耗定额评价方法,提出包含基本、奢侈性、舒适性能耗定额水平的车站能耗定额标准;基于不同类型车站,探讨非空调季和空调季的车站能耗定额标准的差异,从达到能耗目标角度提出相应的节能策略.     

基于对流层电波传播的雷达俯仰角误差分析

电磁波在对流层大气中传播时会造成传播方向发生改变,使雷达测量定位的俯仰角带有一定的误差,对实战有重大影响。通过对对流层折射现象的分析,找出具体的影响因素,并预测误差的具体值,为消除误差的影响起到较好的作用。