沥青混凝土路面常见病害的处置及路面材料的再生利用

由于车辆对公路的反复碾压以及自然光候的长期作用,沥青路面必然会产生各种不同表现形式的破损。研究路面病害形成的机理及筑路材料的物化特性,进而以合理的工艺完成路面病害的处置,并对处置过程中产生的路面材料进行再生利用,不仅直接影响到公路的修复质量,节约大量宝贵的筑路材料,而且具有重要的环境保护意义。     

甘肃高速公路施工期噪声污染分析及控制

为进一步了解甘肃某高速公路施工期噪声对周围敏感物的影响,于2018年春夏秋冬昼夜对此高速公路施工期进行了环境噪声监测,对高速公路施工期噪声污染进行了分析并提出合理的控制措施。     

城市轨道交通地下车站环境空气影响问题及对策探讨

LIU Moyun(Fuzhou Roil Transit Design Institute Co.,Ltd.,Fuzhou Fujian 350000,China)     

生态保护红线制度下我国公路生态保护存在的 问题与对策

为构建公路建设与生态保护之间的良性关系,促进我国生态保护红线制度新要求下公路建设快速发展,采用专家咨询、重点区域调研等方法,对全国典型省份涉及生态保护红线的公路项目存在的问题进行了分析,明确了生态保护红线制度下目前公路行业面临的项目建设停滞、建设成本上涨、环保违规等问题,并从生态文明制度体系、国土空间规划、行业治理体系、资金保障等角度剖析了成因。在此基础上,提出健全公路行业生态文明建设制度体系,加强部门间统筹协调和强化公路生态环境保护研究与实践等政策建议,旨在为相关政策制修订提供参考,促进公路生态环境保护水平稳步提升。     

"安全、环保、舒适、和谐"新理念——浅谈新理念在高速公路上跨桥中的应用

随着人们对环境保护意识和景观设计要求的提高,"安全、环保、舒适、和谐"的设计新理念在高速公路上跨桥的设计中逐步得到推广,结合实例,简单介绍各种型式的支线上跨桥的特点和目前在高速公路中的应用情况,可为新理念在上跨桥中的设计提供参考.     

环境因素对北京公交驾驶员职业健康的影响分析

在"人-车-路-环境"这个相互作用、错综复杂的道路交通系统中,人们往往关注的是人-车-路各因素对行车安全的影响,而忽视了环境因素对公交驾驶员职业健康的影响,结果导致了许多由不良环境因素引发的职业病和交通事故.这不仅大大缩短了公交驾驶员的工作寿命,也严重影响了行车安全以及城市公交的健康发展.通过对100名北京公交驾驶员职业健康状况的调查,进一步分析环境因素对他们职业健康的影响,可为预防公交驾驶员职业病和减少行车事故提供参考.     

自升式风电安装平台作业环境图谱技术应用研究

为了适应风电安装平台多机位快速作业的需求，本文利用环境图谱技术对某自升式风电安装平台进行在位作业环境适应性分析。通过对不同作业工况条件下平台的预压载能力、风暴保持能力、桩腿强度、桩靴承载能力及抗倾稳性等的关键指标校核，得到许用环境条件的组合，并生成用于指导机位操船作业的环境适应性图表。通过算例结果在实际应用中的反馈，该技术不但对实际的风电安装现场作业提供了基于工程分析的技术支持，且对现场作业能够予以切实的指导，不但提高风电安装作业安全性，而且显著提升了风电安装作业效率。     

Nonlinear wave forces on large-scale submerged tunnel element

This paper presents parametric studies of nonlinear wave forces on large-scale submerged tunnel element. A transportation project of submerged tunnel element under irregular wave conditions is taken as the research background. Three-dimensional diffraction potential and radiation potential associating with the motion of the floating body are utilized, and an efficient three dimensional Green function is implemented to solve the radiation-diffraction problem. A computational method for calculating the nonlinear wave forces of the submerged tunnel element is developed. The present method is validated by the existed methods and experimental data, and good agreements are observed for all test models. The effects of wave parameters and structural parameters on the second-order nonlinear wave forces are studied. Results from the present study can provide valuable recommendations for the weather window and downtime frequencies, the configuration of tugboats, the arrangement of sea-route, and the size and type of the design and construction of the submerged tunnel element.     

Assessment of stratospheric fuel burn by civil commercial aviation

When jetliners fly in the stratosphere, their emissions tend to be longer-lived and therefore have greater environmental impact. Since the altitude of the tropopause is not consistent and can be as low as 23,000 ft., cruising flights may have a great chance to fly into the stratosphere. In this paper, we present a simple and rapid method to estimate the extent of US commercial passenger and cargo flight that currently occurs in the stratosphere, based on publicly available historical data from 2008 to 2012. We model the vertical profile of a flight and compare it with the height of the tropopause along its route. Our analysis covers 78% of the total travelled distance reported by the United States Bureau of Transportation Statistics, and shows that these flights burnt ∼11 million tons of fuel annually, or ∼31% of cruise fuel, in the stratosphere between 2008 and 2012. Our results also show that the chance of flying into stratosphere varies by area, but flights within the contiguous United States tend to stay below the stratosphere. Moreover, the stratosphere fuel burn of Asia-US flights may be significantly reduced by taking jet stream routes.     

Design and evaluation of railway corridors based on spatial ecological and geological criteria

Transport infrastructure is closely linked to several sustainability issues of main policy relevance, and significant impacts on biodiversity as well as resource use and construction costs relate to the corridor design and location in the landscape. The aim of this study was to develop methods for railway corridor planning, in which corridor design and location would be based on important ecological and geological sustainability criteria. The method, an MCA framework including both spatial and non-spatial MCA, was demonstrated on a railway planning proposition in an urbanising area north of Stockholm, Sweden. Alternative spatial alignments for 6 railway corridors were derived based on criteria representing biodiversity, resource efficiency and costs, developed from ecological and geological knowledge, data and models. The method identified a study area specific positive synergy between ecological and geological sustainability criteria. The evaluation part of the methodology could furthermore identify uncertainties in the input data and assumptions and conflicts between ecological criteria. In order to arrive at a well-informed decision support system, the criteria as well as the decision rules employed could be further elaborated. Other relevant sustainability issues would also need to be integrated, such as cultural landscapes, recreation, and other ecosystem services. Still, arriving at a corridor design informed by the ecological and geological conditions in the planned area, as demonstrated by this study, could improve the sustainability performance of transport infrastructure planning.