环境变化下基于核典型相关分析与协整的损伤识别方法

采用传统协整方法进行损伤识别时，需要变量间满足较好的线性关系，而实际工程中监测变量往往存在一定程度的非线性，这使得协整方法的有效性受到影响。为此，提出一种结合核典型相关分析与协整的损伤识别方法。首先利用核典型相关分析能有效处理非线性相关变量的优点，将低维空间存在非线性关系的监测变量映射到高维空间，使其转化为线性相关的核典型变量。然后利用协整方法能够消除变量间共同趋势的特点，对核典型变量间的共同环境因素影响进行分离，并以分离环境因素影响后的协整残差作为损伤指标进行损伤识别。最后通过芬兰Kullaa课题组的木桁架桥试验数据，对协整方法、结合典型相关分析与协整的方法、核典型相关分析和协整相结合方法这3种方法的损伤识别结果进行比较。研究结果表明：在分析非线性数据方面，核典型相关分析要优于典型相关分析；前2种方法受监测变量数目的影响较大，选择不同数目的监测变量将得到不同的识别结果，而该方法对监测变量数目不敏感；且在损伤识别的漏判率方面该方法明显优于其他2种方法。     

ISO与ITTC方法在实船航速修正应用对比

介绍了ISO15016：2015和ITTC2017两种实船航速修正方法，对比了两种修正方法的测速要求和修正流程。并通过8种具有代表性的船舶试航数据，采用两种方法对试航数据进行修正，分析了不同环境因素的修正结果，可为今后船舶EEDI测速试验和航速修正提供参考。     

沥青混凝土路面应用温拌技术的经济节能环保探讨

文章以贵州省江口至玉屏高速为例,介绍了沥青混合料温拌技术的应用现状和技术优势,从造价、节能、减排三个方面重点研究了沥青混合料温拌技术与热拌技术分析比较。得出结论:采用温拌技术对路面造价影响较大,增幅达到60%~80%,节约能源消耗30%,减少有害气体排放达到50%。因此,应着力研发一种价格低廉性能良好的温拌技术,使其更广泛地应用于沥青路面建设,从而建设"资源节约型"、"环境友好型"社会,共创国家生态文明建设。     

黏性场地列车荷载影响下衬砌半渗透边界盾构隧道诱发地表固结沉降解

列车荷载作用下衬砌长期渗漏会显著影响软土盾构隧道周围土体的固结沉降，对邻近环境和地铁的安全运营造成不良影响。针对盾构隧道周围土体固结沉降的既有理论研究一般多考虑衬砌不透水条件，较少考虑衬砌渗漏水及列车荷载耦合作用对于地层固结沉降的影响。引入隧道衬砌半渗透边界和列车三角形循环时效荷载，基于Terzaghi-Rendulic固结理论，采用Boltzmann三元件模型模拟土体流变效应，推导了列车荷载作用下黏弹性地层盾构隧道渗漏水诱发的土体超孔隙水压力消散和地表固结沉降的复变函数解析表达式，并与6个工程实测数据进行对比，验证了所给出解析解的正确性与适用性。此外，通过参数分析讨论了衬砌-土体渗透比和列车荷载参数对土体固结沉降的影响。结果表明：衬砌-土体渗透比是影响盾构扰动地层固结快慢的主要影响因素，衬砌-土体渗透比越大，固结完成时间越早；列车荷载作用下，早期固结沉降速率相较于不考虑列车荷载时会有较明显的增加，但在列车荷载当量增加后，固结沉降速率的增长有所放缓，且其增量与衬砌-土体渗透比密切相关，衬砌-土体渗透比越大，沉降增加量则越大；隧道衬砌可以视为扰动地层的排水边界，其加速了土体固结沉降，而列车荷载与衬砌半渗透性耦合，进一步改变了土体固结沉降形态。     

Local structural analysis of flexible pipes subjected to traction,torsion and pressure loads

Helically armored cables or pipes find a wide range of applications as structural members in engineering. An example of this is the increasing use of flexible pipes in the oil offshore production. Although keeping a geometrical similarity with other helically armored structures such as wire ropes and ACSR conductors, and borrowing from them a useful methodology for the structural analysis, some care must be taken in order not to indiscriminately use an approach which was not thought for a flexible pipe: internal and external pressures, for instance, are a great concern in the analysis of flexible pipes, but obviously not for wire ropes. This work aims at giving some additional contribution to the structural response of flexible pipes when subjected to axisymmetric loads, including the effect of both internal and external pressure in pipe displacements. Derivation of linear operators, relating the stress-resultants to their related displacements or deformations in each of the layers of the pipe, as well as the process of deriving an analogous linear operator to represent the behavior of the pipe as a whole, are clearly presented, highlighting interesting mathematical aspects and their associated physical meaning. A numerical case study of a 2.5″ flexible pipe subjected to traction and internal pressure is also presented and discussed.     

施工及环境因素诱发污水处理池差异沉降及渗漏风险

针对地基变形特征及其引发的大型污水处理池混凝土结构破裂渗漏风险，研究人工降水、开挖与桩基加固、滨海潮汐地下水渗透等条件下的地基变形特性，并建立地基变形基本方程及多因素综合影响下的统一函数表达式。结合上海白龙港污水处理厂工程，分析了工程区域施工及环境因素可能产生的地基变形及其对结构受力的不良影响。结果表明：i）地基变形曲率对结构受力产生直接影响，曲率半径越小，结构的附加应力越大、致裂风险越高；ii）结构高度越大，对地基弯曲变形的反应越敏感；iii）结构抗弯刚度突变处，应力集中程度高、局部应力超限风险增大。     

浅谈透水混凝土在崇明东滩地区的应用

结合工程实例,从应用背景、工艺特点、实施效果、总结分析等几方面论述了透水混凝土在崇明东滩地区路面的应用情况,为后续类似工程施工提供借鉴,并作为崇明东滩地区慢行透水路面的样板加以推广。     

Impact of coastal construction on coral reefs in the U.S.‐affiliated pacific Islands

Abstract

During the past century, traditional ownership, control, and use of coral reef habitats in the U.S.‐affiliated islands in the Pacific have declined, exposing them to increased construction for plantation, transportation, military, urban, aquaculture, fisheries, mineral, and resort development. Dredging, filling, and other construction in coral reef and related ecosystems are expected to continue at high levels. Collectively, these activities have resulted in major adverse ecological impacts, many of which can be avoided or reduced to minor levels. Improvements in the design, siting, and construction of coastal projects can be accomplished by early integration of environmental objectives. Ecological baseline surveys; environmental impact assessments; regulatory conditions; guidelines and standards during construction; monitoring of construction; post‐construction evaluation; and long‐range research, planning, and management are among the most useful of the environmental tools to describe reefs and to identify measures to reduce or avoid adverse impacts on coral reefs.     

Establishment of a Dredged Material Disposal Site in the Exclusive Economic Zone: New Zealand

Disposal options for muddy dredged material, especially if lightly contaminated, is an issue facing many countries, particularly if environmental protection and adherence to the Protocols of the London Dumping Convention is a regulatory requirement. For the case of the oceanic islands of New Zealand, disposal of muddy dredged material has become an issue for the prime city of Auckland. Accordingly, it has been necessary to investigate a suitable marine disposal site outside of the territorial seas in the exclusive economic zone (EEZ). Ideal properties for such a disposal site include a near flat surface on the continental shelf, with sediments of similar textural characteristics to the material being disposed, a site of non-critical benthic ecology, water depths sufficient to enable the disposal site to be monitored (as required under the London Dumping Convention), a site experiencing low shelf currents, not affected by significant wave agitation, and a site not of cultural significance. The approach for site establishment and gaining consent for disposal activities is reviewed. Preliminary investigations supporting a proposed site on the continental shelf in the EEZ are presented.     

浅埋、偏压、软岩隧道进洞施工技术研究

浅埋、偏压、软弱围岩隧道进洞施工一直是隧道施工的难点,通过实例介绍此类隧道施工关键技术,采用重力式挡墙和边仰坡加固措施处理隧道偏压,采用大管棚、超前小导管及套拱法处理隧道浅埋,采用三台阶七步流水法进行软弱围岩洞内施工,同时阐述施工过程中监控量测的方法和对围岩变形的处理措施。