Techniques for the inference of mileage rates from MOT data

Abstract

Mathematical and computational techniques are developed for the processing and analysis of annual Ministry of Transport roadworthiness (MOT) test data that the UK Department for Transport has placed in the public domain. First, techniques are given that clean erroneous records and a linking procedure is provided that permits the inference of an individual vehicle's mileage between consecutive tests. Methods are then developed that analyse aggregate mileage totals, as a function of vehicle age, class and geography. The inference of aggregate mileage rates as a function of time is then considered.     

Promoting Cycling for Transport: Research Needs and Challenges

Abstract

Near future travel-time information is one of the most critical factors that travellers consider before making trip decisions. In efforts to provide more reliable future travel-time estimations, transportation engineers have examined various techniques developed in the last three decades. However, there have not been sufficiently systematic and through reviews so far. In order to effectively support various transportation strategies and applications including Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), it is necessary to apply appropriate forecasting methods for matching circumstances in a timely manner. This paper conducts a comprehensive review study focusing on literatures, including modern techniques proposed recently, related to travel time and traffic condition predictions that are based on ‘data-driven' approaches. Based on the underlying mechanisms and theoretical principles, different approaches are categorized as parametric (linear regression and time series) and non-parametric approaches (artificial intelligence and pattern searching). Then, the approaches are analysed for their strengths, potential weaknesses, and performances from five main perspectives that are prediction range, accuracy, efficiency, applicability, and robustness.     

Transition between Signal Timing Plans: A Methodological and Analytical Overview

Abstract

The transition phase is generally defined as the process of switching from one timing plan to another; this process may include changes in offset, phase split or cycle length until coordination for a new timing plan is reached once again. As noted in the literature, transition phases between timing plans may lead to severe disruptions of traffic flow, resulting in potentially lasting effects. The aim of this paper is to comprehensively review, classify and analyse the literature regarding transition between different timing plans to highlight existing research gaps and give researchers a starting point to continue contributing with solutions to the transition problem. Regarding transition approaches, a gap concerning mathematical approaches was deemed significant as a transition could be greatly benefited by simultaneously optimising more than one operational measure of effectiveness through multi-objective mathematical models. Moreover, in the analysis of applied approaches, Shortway algorithms generally outperformed other practical methods under different scenarios.     

澧水特大桥索塔基坑岩溶病害处治方法研究

张家界至花垣高速公路地处湘西北,是湖南省高速公路网规划“五纵七横”路网中—长沙浏阳（赣湘界）至花垣（湘渝界）高速公路的重要组成部分.受水文地质环境的限制,在西部山区修建高速公路时,常常会遇到一些岩溶病害问题.首先,以张花高速公路中的澧水特大悬索桥索塔基础基坑为工程实例,深入探讨了该特大桥索塔基础基坑岩溶病害发育特点,并以此为基础,对基坑侧壁及基底岩溶的稳定性进行了分析评价.其次,根据澧水特大悬索桥索塔基础基坑岩溶实际分布情况,提出了岩溶及溶缝处治基本原则,进而得到了索塔左基坑岩溶病害处理方案.最后,通过承载力试验及补钻孔取芯的方法对处治效果进行了检测,结果表明：处治后的基坑基底地质情况良好,满足设计要求,证明本文岩溶病害处治方案是合理可行的,可以为类似的工程提供有力参考.     

粒料桩复合地基桩土应力比试验研究

结合实体公路工程,通过现场试验段土压力监测,分析了桩土应力比随路堤填筑高度和时间的变化规律,作出了桩土应力比变化是桩土协调变形、承担荷载相互转移结果的结论;总结了桩土应力比的主要影响因素;提出了粒料桩复合地基桩土应力比的范围。     

基于AutoScope的交通视频检测实验平台设计

通过构建一个通用的基于AutoScope的交通视频检测实验平台,其涵盖了交通视频检测的主要技术环节,从而可提高视频车辆检测器实验教学水平以及学生的实践能力,并将对各种交通检测设备的实验教学工作起到良好的示范作用.     

沥青混合料抗水损害性能评价方法研究

在利用现有试验方法评价沥青混合料水稳定性的过程中,试验条件与路面实际的工作条件明显不同,因此试验结果与使用效果存在很大的偏差。而用试件饱水煮沸后的劈裂强度来评价其抵抗水损害的能力,操作简便、作用效果明显、准确度高,是一种值得推广的方法。     

基于目的论的好莱坞电影片名翻译策略初探

全球化趋势下,好莱坞电影作为美国大众文化代表在世界范围内流行,不仅创造了巨大的经济利益,而且传播了美国文化。能够令国人接受和理解的片名翻译对影片的成功也显得尤为重要,本文以目的论为理论依据对好莱坞电影片名翻译应考虑的要素和常见的翻译方法进行初步的探究,并对译者的要求提出若干建议。     

港口航道及治河工程专业实践教学模式的研究

以港航专业实训教学中存在的弊端为基础,探索单一案例教学的实训教学模式,提高实训教学的工程结合度,提高学生的动手能力及学习兴趣,加强知识结构的整体性及连贯性,提高实践教学质量。