基于整数提升小波和Rice编码的机车信号波形数据的无损压缩方法

针对铁路现场机车信号实际运用情况,提出了一种基于整数提升小波变换和Rice编码的机车信号记录波形数据的无损压缩方法.该方法利用提升结构的整数小波原位运算实现对信号波形数据的快速预测和更新,再对变换后的数据进行Rice无损压缩编码.实验证明,该方法能够达到对机车信号记录器波形数据进行快速、高效的无损压缩存储的要求.     

A new time-frequency analysis method based on single mode function decomposition for offshore wind turbines

The Hilbert-Huang transform (HHT) has been widely applied and recognised as a powerful time-frequency analysis method for nonlinear and non-stationary signals in numerous engineering fields. One of its major challenges is that the HHT is frequently subject to mode mixing in the processing of practical signals such as those of offshore wind turbines, as the frequencies of offshore wind turbines are typically close and contaminated by noise. To address this issue, this paper proposes a new time-frequency analysis method based on single mode function (SMF) decomposition to overcome the mode mixing problem in the structural health monitoring (SHM) of offshore wind turbines. In this approach, the structural vibration signal is first decomposed into a set of window components using complex exponential decomposition. A state-space model is introduced in the signal decomposition to improve the numerical stability of the decomposition, and then a novel window-alignment strategy, named energy gridding, is proposed and the signals are constructed in the corresponding gridding. Furthermore, energy recollection is implemented in each gridding, and the reassembling of these components yields an SMF that is comparable to the intrinsic mode function (IMF) of the HHT, but with a significant improvement in terms of mode mixing. Four case studies are conducted to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The first case attempts to detect three different frequencies in a simulated time-invariant signal. The second case attempts to test a synthesised signal with segmental time-varying frequencies (each segment contains three different frequencies components). The analysis results in these two cases indicate that mode mixing can be reduced by the proposed method. Furthermore, a synthesised signal with slowly varying frequencies is used. These analysis results demonstrate the effective suppression of non-relevant frequency components using SMF decomposition. In the third case, the experimental data from vortex-induced vibration (VIV) experiments sponsored by the Norwegian Deepwater Programme (NDP) are used to evaluate the proposed SMF decomposition for vibration mode identification. In the final case, field data acquired from an offshore wind turbine foundation and offshore wind turbine are analysed. The mode identification results obtained using SMF decomposition are compared with those produced by the HHT. The comparison demonstrates superior performance of the proposed method in identifying the vibration modes of the VIV experimental and field data.     

做好站场改造中LKJ电务数据的准确提报

分析了站场改造工程新旧设备更替中,LKJ基础数据测量遇到的困难,并提出了准确提报的测量方法.     

基于形函数的隧道衬砌内壁影像展平方法及其应用

通过透视变换和四边形八节点形函数变换2种平面变换方法即可建立影像像素与展平坐标系之间的关系,生成基于影像的展开图,提出一种基于形函数的隧道衬砌影像展平变换方法。通过数值模拟测试,得出展平照片的误差分布以及不同拍摄位置对误差的影响。最后通过案例给出方法实际应用的效果。结果表明：基于形函数变换的展平方法反需要衬砌表面照片及照片中8个控制点的展平坐标即能建立隧道影像与展开平面之间的坐标关系。该方法所产生的误差很小,具有较高的实用性。     

两交替运行部件冷贮备可修系统的可靠性

考虑一个两个交替运行部件冷储备系统的可靠性,系统每过T时间部件交替运行一次,部件的寿命和维修时间服从一般分布,所有随机变量相互独立,利用马尔科夫更新过程方法以及L-S变换工具,得到了系统主要可靠性指标的拉普拉斯变换表达式,系统的平均首次故障前时间,系统的稳态可用度,系统的稳态平均故障频度。     

靠大求强,优势互补,搞好搞活国有交通运输企业

以东宁县运输公司的改制为例,分析了国有运输企业现状,提出了国有运输企业规模经营的模式和方法。     

刚性路面动态应变响应的变换域分析

为了研究移动常载荷与谐波载荷作用下刚性路面的动态应变响应,把路面视为弹性地基上的无限大薄板,利用三维Fourier变换在时间与空间变换域内建立移动载荷的公式,分析了粘滞阻尼、车速、载荷大小对应变响应的影响。采用5个混凝土埋入式应变传感器,建立实验环境,进行路面应变响应测量,并对测量结果和仿真结果进行了比较。比较结果表明:车速与阻尼对上述两种载荷作用下板的应变响应影响较大,移动谐波载荷作用下刚性路面动态应变比常载荷产生的应变响应要大,移动谐波载荷作用下的响应稍大于实测结果。     

心肌肥大病理图像的计算机分析方法

为提高心肌肥大病理图像量化评估的效率,提出了基于Hough变换的计算机分析方法.首先对心肌纵切切片图像进行Hough变换,检测出心肌纤维走向.然后采集与心肌纤维走向相垂直方向上的灰度分布信息,用迭代阈值法分割出肌纤维区域与肌纤维间隙区域,测量肌纤维直径.t检验分析表明,用该方法得到的心肌纤维数目和平均尺寸与人工测量结果一致(P>0.05).     

无链表SPIHT图像提升小波编码的硬件算法

为了解决小波零树编码算法中,SPIHT(分级树的集合分裂)算法占用大量存储空间的问题,给出了一种无链表SPIHT图像压缩算法.在这种算法中,小波系数按照SPIHT的顺序输入到编码器中,编码器按照NLS算法编码,小波变换采用9/7提升分解算法,量化算法为均匀标量量化,图像边界延拓采用了补零延拓方法.实验结果表明,该算法图像压缩比与JPEG2000的EBCOT(基于优化截断的嵌入式块编码)算法几乎相同,编码速度大约是后者的2倍,一幅512×512的图像仅需要17.875KB额外内存.     

基于SVM和小波边缘检测的车型图像识别

在基于小波边缘检测和SMO算法的基础上进行车型图像识别,首先将待识别目标进行二维小波分解,获取不同尺度下的小波系数,然后对其进行主元分析,得到的主元作为支持向量机的特征量输入.实验结果表明,该方法具有良好的分类性能.