试论单桨船制动机动中的偏向力

制动机动是船舶操纵运动中一个比较复杂而有重要实践意义的课题,舰船驾驶员必须充分掌握舰船的制动机动性能。但是,由于单螺旋桨舰船制动机动过程中的偏向力尚未得到充分的研究和论述,目前还不能完善地定性、定量分析单桨船制动机动中的复杂的偏转现象。本文在总结船模和实船试验的基础上,通过定性分析的方法,给出单桨船倒车偏向力的一般规律和水动力学解释,并给出几类单桨船制动机动偏向力的估算方法,有助于舰船驾驶员充分、快速地掌握本船的制动机动性能。     

车辆制动系统螺杆空压机组润滑油防乳化控制方法

在城市轨道交通车辆调试与运营前期,由于车辆制动系统中的螺杆空压机组运转率较低,导致空压机组中的润滑油容易发生乳化现象。为此,通过防乳化控制方法,使空压机组在每次车辆上电时先连续运转30 min,用于提高润滑油温度,加速润滑油中水分的汽化,避免润滑油乳化现象,提高润滑油使用寿命。     

基于宏程序的变节距异形螺纹数控车削加工设计

文章采用逐次分层拟合法数控加工原理,结合宏程序及其嵌套编制了变节距椭圆异形螺纹的加工程序,并经实践得以验证,该编程方法对其它异形螺纹件的数控加工具有借鉴意义。     

基于法兰联接系统松弛特性的多锥面法兰研究

文中针对现有普通法兰联接系统的应力松弛特性问题,设计了一种新型多锥面法兰,通过对法兰联接系统结构上的改进,去掉了原有法兰连接系统的垫片,明显减少了法兰连接系统的应力松弛,并通过法兰多锥面配合联接和法兰螺纹联接,增强了法兰联接的联接刚度,进一步减小了法兰连接系统的蠕变松弛,改进了法兰联接性能。实验测定和实际应用证明：该新型多锥面法兰可以有效减小法兰联接系统的应力松弛,防止法兰联接失效。     

俄罗斯规范下船舶撞击能量计算和护舷选型

护舷是船舶与陆域建筑物接触的装置,它能够有效地防止船体免于在靠泊、停泊中产生损坏,也能够起到保护陆域结构物的作用。一个完整的护舷设计应包含几种护舷布置的替代方案,护舷选型的确定对泊位设计有着至关重要的作用,直接影响着码头的设计荷载。依据俄罗斯规范对码头护舷选型进行案例分析,并与国标进行比较,为港口工程工作者提供设计参考。     

室内停车场防撞带设计的碰撞仿真分析

针对室内停车场碰撞事故的伤害问题,提出了停车场防撞带的设计,建立有无防撞带的车辆碰撞模型,并对长方体防撞带与波浪形防撞带进行性能分析比较,运用LS-DYNA软件对车辆、防撞带以及墙体碰撞进行仿真模拟。得到防撞带和车辆翼子板的等效应力分布和能量转化情况,证实了防撞带能有效减少车辆的损害程度,且长方体防撞带效果更好。     

石油管螺纹的检测技术

石油专用管螺纹是一种气密性良好、质量要求极高的专用螺纹，因此为保证螺纹的检测质量与了解螺纹的基本扣型，正确选用测量方法、掌握几何精度对于严格按照标准检修和检验钻具而言乃是至关重要的。基于对钻具、油套管螺纹检验的目的、检验内容、方法及存在问题的探讨，较为详尽地阐述了如何在工作中正确应用石油管螺纹检测技术。     

城市轻轨车辆用螺杆空气压缩机组的设计

从螺杆空气压缩机组的性能、结构等方面介绍了城市轻轨车辆用小排量螺杆空气压缩机的设计情况,同时介绍了其在轻轨车辆上的应用情况。     

A simplified method to efficiently design steel fenders subjected to vessel head-on collisions

Steel fenders have been widely used to protect bridges from vessel collisions because of their relatively large plastic deformability and energy dissipation capacity. In the design of a steel fender, detailed finite element (FE) models are usually employed. However, detailed FE analysis involves complicated modeling and substantial computation time. This method is often not applicable, particularly during preliminary design iterations. For this reason, a simplified analytical method was developed in this paper with the aim to efficiently design steel fenders under vessel collisions. For primary individual members of steel fenders, the deformation mechanisms and models as well as participations during various collision scenarios were discussed in detail. By combining the contributions of primary members, a general analytical procedure was presented to rapidly estimate the force-deformation relationship of steel fenders under various bow impacts. For the fixed and floating steel fenders, several collision scenarios were simulated by FE models to verify the accuracy of the developed analytical method. The crushing resistances and energy dissipation capacities estimated by the developed analytical method were in good agreement with those obtained from the FE simulations. Based on the analytical method, an energy-based design approach was proposed for the efficient design of steel fenders. The developed design approach was demonstrated to be capable of predicting the crush depth and peak impact force of a steel fender with good accuracy.     

新型防冲设备在船闸维护中的应用

船闸是连接内河和外海的重要通航建筑物,闸内水位变化幅度大,过闸船帕类型多样,造成船闸对防冲设备性能的要求很高。聚氨酯护舷作为一种新型的防冲设备,它合理的选型、布置和安装能够有效的避免过往船舶和闸室岸壁的碰撞损伤,降低船闸的日常维护费用。