Developing an enhanced weight-based topological map-matching algorithm for intelligent transport systems

Map-matching (MM) algorithms integrate positioning data from a Global Positioning System (or a number of other positioning sensors) with a spatial road map with the aim of identifying the road segment on which a user (or a vehicle) is travelling and the location on that segment. Amongst the family of MM algorithms consisting of geometric, topological, probabilistic and advanced, topological MM (tMM) algorithms are relatively simple, easy and quick, enabling them to be implemented in real-time. Therefore, a tMM algorithm is used in many navigation devices manufactured by industry. However, existing tMM algorithms have a number of limitations which affect their performance relative to advanced MM algorithms. This paper demonstrates that it is possible by addressing these issues to significantly improve the performance of a tMM algorithm. This paper describes the development of an enhanced weight-based tMM algorithm in which the weights are determined from real-world field data using an optimisation technique. Two new weights for turn-restriction at junctions and link connectivity are introduced to improve the performance of matching, especially at junctions. A new procedure is developed for the initial map-matching process. Two consistency checks are introduced to minimise mismatches. The enhanced map-matching algorithm was tested using field data from dense urban areas and suburban areas. The algorithm identified 96.8% and 95.93% of the links correctly for positioning data collected in urban areas of central London and Washington, DC, respectively. In case of suburban area, in the west of London, the algorithm succeeded with 96.71% correct link identification with a horizontal accuracy of 9.81 m (2σ). This is superior to most existing topological MM algorithms and has the potential to support the navigation modules of many Intelligent Transport System (ITS) services.     

基于VRML的虚拟现实技术在数字管道中的应用

介绍了虚拟现实建模语言(VRML),将基于VRML的虚拟现实技术和HTML、 JavaScript相结合,并应用到数字管道中,构建了真实感强、交互性强的可视化虚拟石油管道场景和管道泄漏模型,实现了石油管道虚拟场景的漫游,以及用户与虚拟场景的交互,并及时、直观地反映管道泄漏.应用结果表明:将基于VRML的网络交互式虚拟现实技术应用到数字管道,促进了数字管道的信息共享,提高了数字管道的决策管理效率.     

Using on-board logging devices to study the longer-term impact of an eco-driving course

In this paper the long-term impact of an eco-driving training course is evaluated by monitoring driving behavior and fuel consumption for several months before and after the course. Cars were equipped with an on-board logging device that records the position and speed of the vehicle using GPS tracking as well as real time as electronic engine data extracted from the controller area network. The data includes mileage, number of revolutions per minute, position of the accelerator pedal, and instantaneous fuel consumption. It was gathered over a period of 10 months for 10 drivers during real-life conditions thus enabling an individual drive style analysis. The average fuel consumption four months after the course fell by 5.8%. Most drivers showed an immediate improvement in fuel consumption that was stable over time, but some tended to fall back into their original driving habits.     

钢纤维混凝土在桥面铺装抢修工程中的应用

钢纤维混凝土在京福路K30+924通道桥桥面铺装抢修工程中的应用表明:钢纤维混凝土可以发挥良好的抗拉、抗弯、抗裂等性能,可改善桥面铺装的使用性能,延长桥面铺装使用寿命,缩短施工工期,是重交通量路段桥面铺装局部抢修最佳方案之一。     

一种基于独立成分分析和径向基神经网络的人脸识别新方法

提出了一种新的基于独立成分分析和径向基神经网络的人脸识别方法。独立成分分析可以从高阶上消除特征数据的相关性,改进了主成分分析方法只能从2阶上消除数据相关性的弱点;最终特征数据的分类由RBF神经网络来实现。在人脸数据库上的实验结果表明该新方法的识别性能较其他方法有了很大提高。     

人的可靠性分析方法及其在军事活动中的应用

回顾了人的可靠性分析发展的历史和现状,重点对现在已存在的人的可靠性分析方法进行了介绍分析,提出并简要介绍了两种在军事活动中适用的人的可靠性评估方法的基本原理：基于粗糙集的人的可靠性评估法和基于贝叶斯的人的可靠性评估法,最后分析了人的可靠性研究中存在的问题。     

基于BP-DS证据理论的航标状态识别模型研究

内河航标标示了可航行水域的边界,是保障内河船舶安全航行的重要前提.面向内河航标不同故障模式,构建一种基于BP-DS证据理论的航标状态识别模型.采用两个BP神经网络分别训练航标基础属性数据与环境因素数据,计算独立的证据值;通过DS证据理论实现航标运行状态识别结果的决策融合.结果表明,基于BP-DS证据理论的航标状态识别模...     

高韧性纤维水泥稳定碎石路用性能研究

反射裂缝是沥青路面半刚性基层中常有出现的问题,研究提出将自主研发的特种高韧性纤维掺入到水泥稳定碎石中,达到改善其抗裂性能的目的,通过测定多种纤维掺量水泥稳定碎石的无侧限抗压强度、劈裂强度、单轴压缩模量及收缩系数,分析该特种高韧性纤维对水稳碎石材料性能影响的变化规律。试验结果表明：随着纤维掺量逐渐大,水泥稳定碎石养护7、28、90 d的无侧限抗压强度和劈裂强度均呈现先增大后减小的趋势,且各种指标强度均在1‰纤维掺量时最大,单轴压缩模量在2‰下有最大值。养护90 d的无侧限抗压强度和劈裂强度在掺入1‰纤维后分别提高14.1％和9％;掺加特种高韧性纤维能够改善水稳碎石材料的收缩性能,纤维掺量为1‰时,温缩系数和干缩系数分别比不掺时提高14.1％和12.8％。     

哈大高铁影响下东北城市群交通网络空间结构特征研究

哈大高铁的运行缩短了东北城市群之间的相对距离,优化了东北城市群城市交通网络空间结构.通过建立向心性分形模型以及相关性分形模型,以交通距离代替空间的实际距离来研究城市群之间分形特征,通过城市间高速铁路时间距离和高速公路时间距离进行对比,计算高铁开通前后东北城市群交通空间聚集维数和空间关联维数,分析东北城市群交通网络空间结...     

基于机器视觉的车辆检测与参数识别研究进展

近年来公路交通运输快速增长,交通车辆的快速准确检测与识别对智能交通系统和交通基础设施运维具有重要意义.随着机器视觉和深度学习技术的迅速发展及其在目标检测领域的广泛应用,车辆目标检测和参数识别也取得新的突破.该文从车辆参数的识别方法和应用研究两方面梳理了机器视觉和深度学习在车辆检测与参数识别领域的研究现状、最新研究成果和...