基于节点重要度理论的轨道交通线路建设时序

根据城市近期建设线网规模,结合线网分级理论,从轨道交通线网规划中选择适当的线路进行建设;利用排序理论,安排近期的线路建设计划。以石家庄市作为实例对方法进行验证,并与实际建设方案进行对比。     

基于PSO-BP神经网络的船体分段任务包工时定额模型

为解决船体分段任务包工时定额的计算过度依赖线性公式而忽略工时定额与工艺参数之间的非线性关系的问题,提高工时定额计算的效率和精确度,将PSO-BP神经网络技术应用到船体分段任务包工时定额中。通过对影响船体分段中间产品额定工时的工艺参数进行分析,建立多输入单输出的PSO-BP神经网络模型,并应用实际数据对PSO-BP神经网络进行训练,测试仿真结果与实际值之间的误差在允许范围内。验证结果表明,采用PSO-BP神经网络建立船体分段任务包工时定额模型,能对任务包作业工时进行准确预测。     

某地铁列车无人自动折返卡顿故障分析及解决方案

针对某城市地铁车辆在试运行期间频繁发生的列车无人自动折返时的卡顿故障进行了分析研究。简要介绍了列车无人自动折返功能,并从列车网络系统、牵引系统和车辆电路3个角度深入分析故障原因,提出了解决方案。按此方案整改后故障得以完全消除。     

大城市城市轨道交通线网规划关键技术探讨

目前,城市轨道交通线网规划的技术已相对成熟,指导了我国超大、特大城市的城市轨道交通建设。随着城市化进程的不断加快,人口在100万至500万的大城市已成为城市轨道交通规划和建设的重要参与者。大城市在空间、人口、经济、交通出行特征等方面与超大、特大城市存在较大的差异,使得目前城市轨道交通线网规划的技术对大城市的适用性存在一定的局限。通过分析大城市与城市轨道交通的互动关系,提出大城市城市轨道交通线网规划的需求。基于现有的城市轨道交通线网编制技术流程,结合大城市的需求,从前提研究、方案研究、实施规划三个层面,对城市轨道交通线网规划编制中服务范围分析、线网规模确定、近期建设方案制定等技术内容提出优化建议,以适应大城市城市轨道交通线网规划的编制需求。     

Transport network criticality metrics: a comparative analysis and a guideline for selection

ABSTRACT

Transport network criticality analysis aims at ranking transport infrastructure elements based on their contribution to the performance of the overall infrastructure network. Despite the wide variety of transport network criticality metrics, little guidance is available on selecting metrics that are fit for the specific purpose of a study. To address this gap, this study reviews, evaluates and compares seventeen criticality metrics. First, we conceptually evaluate these metrics in terms of the functionality of the transport system that the metrics try to represent (either maintaining connectivity, reducing travel cost, or improving accessibility), the underlying ethical principles (either utilitarianism or egalitarianism), and the spatial aggregation considered by the metrics (either network-wide or localised). Next, we empirically compare the metrics by calculating them for eight transport networks. We define the empirical similarity between two metrics as the degree to which they yield similar rankings of infrastructure elements. Pairs of metrics that have high empirical similarity highlight the same set of transport infrastructure elements as critical. We find that empirical similarity is partly dependent on the network’s topology. We also observe that metrics that are conceptually similar do not necessarily have high empirical similarity. Based on the insights from the conceptual and empirical comparison, we propose a five-step guideline for transport authorities and analysts to identify the set of criticality metrics to use which best aligns with the nature of their policy questions.     

FXD3-J型动力集中动车组动力车网络控制系统

文章详细介绍了FXD3-J型动力集中动车组动力车网络控制系统的结构与组成,对网络设备、系统控制功能、显示界面、冗余特性等进行了阐述。运用考核试验表明,该网络控制系统性能稳定、可靠。     

基于全以太网的列车网络控制系统在美国地铁列车上的应用

从列车网络控制系统的拓扑结构、通信协议架构、冗余措施及功能描述等几个方面对基于全以太网的列车网络控制系统在美国地铁列车上的应用进行了详细分析与试验验证。在装车调试之前进行系统集成测试可尽早地发现列车网络控制系统或子系统在硬件和软件方面存在的各种问题,大大节省装车调试所需要的人力和时间。     

欧盟铁路机车车辆准入制度研究

机车车辆准入是铁路产品质量管控的关键环节,能够从源头拒绝不合格产品进入铁路市场,从而提高铁路运营效率、保障运营安全。欧盟经过多年发展,形成了世界上应用范围最广的铁路机车车辆准入制度。对欧盟铁路机车车辆准入制度进行系统分析,研究其在准入资质要求、法律法规及标准体系、认证机构、准入流程等方面的做法,并结合一些案例分析其准入效果,为我国铁路机车车辆准入制度的制定提供借鉴和启示。     

Optimal development of alternative fuel station networks considering node capacity restrictions

A potential solution to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in the transport sector is the use of alternative fuel vehicles (AFV). As global GHG emission standards have been in place for passenger cars for several years, infrastructure modelling for new AFV is an established topic. However, as the regulatory focus shifts towards heavy-duty vehicles (HDV), the market diffusion of AFV-HDV will increase as will planning the relevant AFV infrastructure for HDV. Existing modelling approaches need to be adapted, because the energy demand per individual refill increases significantly for HDV and there are regulatory as well as technical limitations for alternative fuel station (AFS) capacities at the same time. While the current research takes capacity restrictions for single stations into account, capacity limits for locations (i.e. nodes) – the places where refuelling stations are built such as highway entries, exits or intersections – are not yet considered. We extend existing models in this respect and introduce an optimal development for AFS considering (station) location capacity restrictions. The proposed method is applied to a case study of a potential fuel cell heavy-duty vehicle AFS network. We find that the location capacity limit has a major impact on the number of stations required, station utilization and station portfolio variety.     

高温高压消毒对五种桩挠曲强度与弹性模量的影响

目的研究高温高压消毒对不同桩挠曲强度与弹性模量的影响。方法采用北京实德隆碳纤维桩、玻璃纤维桩、石英纤维桩、Tenax玻璃纤维桩、Anthogyr钛桩各12支,分别分为实验组和对照组,每组6支。实验组经MelagVacuklav 24B消毒仪134℃高温、2.2 MPa高压消毒50 min,对照组不进行消毒。采用三点加荷系统测定其弹性模量和挠曲强度,并对其差异进行统计分析。结果两组内的实德隆碳纤维桩、玻璃纤维桩、石英纤维桩、Tenax玻璃纤维桩的弹性模量值与挠曲强度值彼此间无统计差异(P>0.05),Anthogyr钛桩获得了最高的弹性模量值与挠曲强度值(P<0.05);两组间经配对t检验无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论纤维桩具有满足临床使用的挠曲强度,而其弹性模量显著低于金属桩,可以缓冲载荷,保护牙体组织,防止根折,成为桩材料发展方向。高温、高压消毒对纤维桩和钛桩的弹性模量和挠曲强度无显著影响,可用于桩的临床消毒。