中国海事水上巡航现状及发展趋势

对中国法律法规对中国海事水上巡航的要求以及中国海事水上巡航的现状和巡航模式作较全面的总结和分析,剖析存在的主要不足,综合考虑发展需求,指出中国海事水上巡航的发展趋势并提出相关建议。     

石笼护岸结构在斯里兰卡渔业码头的应用

斯里兰卡渔业码头项目普遍采用石笼作为小型码头和护岸的主体结构,石笼结构简单,施工简便,无需大型施工设备,值得推广。     

An application of interactive management information systems to environmental planning: Coastal zone management

Recent emphasis in comprehensive planning for coastal zone regions has created the need for more effective tools for information processing and analysis to aid policymakers and planners in developing strategies for preservation of coastal zone areas. New agencies with broad powers have been created at both state and federal levels to deal with growth management in large coastal regions. However, coastal zone management (CZM) agencies have not yet been able to deal effectively with development processes. A “holding action”; is being maintained in the face of mounting pressure by developers, while planners struggle to develop (1) a data base with sufficient detail for planning; (2) a fair and rapid process for reviewing environmental impact statements and granting of development permits; and (3) a system for making the development permit application process more routine. The key to success of the CZM process is the development of a management information system (MIS) created explicitly for CZM. The prototypical system designed by the authors combines graphic display capabilities (i.e., map display) with interactive on‐line computing and large storage‐capacity computers. Problems of data structure development are documented, together with problems of assembling a large‐scale, highly detailed data base. Of particular importance is the need for well‐developed objectives and specifications for the use of computer‐based data in resolving disputes on environmental issues. A set of objectives and specifications for a prototypical coastal zone MIS is developed. The system is described in detail, showing how its capabilities directly address policy questions formulated by coastal zone planners.     

海上交通巡逻和救助船舶配置规模研究

为适应海上交通安全管理需要,确定巡逻和救助船舶配置规模,根据船舶使用水域和功能定位,将巡逻和救助船舶划分3种类型和7个系列,基于巡逻船雷达基本探测原理和巡逻路径,计算巡逻船有效监管距离和面积,基于海上交通应急到达时间要求和救助路径,计算救助船有效救助距离和面积,根据离岸不同距离水域面积和岸线长度,确定巡逻和救助船舶配置规模,提高巡逻和救助船舶布局规划的科学性。     

渔业互保引入公估机制的探索

针对我国渔业互保现状存在的问题,介绍了目前商业保险中的公估机制,提出了在渔业互保中引入公估机制的可行性,以促进渔业互保工作对理赔案件的出险原因、责任归属、损失金额等做出科学、公允的评估。     

养鱼循环水水质的分析

养鱼污水进行处理后再循环回用于养鱼对防止养鱼污水的污染和节省水资源均具有重要意义,但目前尚未见相应的国家和行业标准。本文通过文献调研,并结合相关标准,特别参考《渔业水质标准》,提出了养鱼循环水回用的水质标准。考虑到铝盐絮凝剂的使用,本文还提出了铝的指标限制。     

长江海事空中巡航工作探讨

文中通过介绍海事空中巡航的作用，分析现阶段长江海事空中巡航发展存在的制约因素，并提出相应改进意见。     

The influence of oceanographic scenarios on the population dynamics of demersal resources in the western Mediterranean: Hypothesis for hake and red shrimp off Balearic Islands

The aim of the present paper is to study the relationships between some climatic indices and parental stock, recruitment and accessibility to trawl fishery of hake (Merluccius merluccius) and red shrimp (Aristeus antennatus) off Balearic Islands (western Mediterranean). Available annual catch per unit effort, recruitment and spawning stock biomass have been used as biological data. As environmental data, the meso-scale IDEA index and the large-scale North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and Mediterranean Oscillation (MO) indices have been used. To analyze possible links between these indices with the population dynamics of demersal resources, two non-linear approaches have been applied: (i) stock–recruitment relationships from Ricker and Beverton–Holt models, by sequentially incorporating environment factors; (ii) generalized additive modelling, both classical general and threshold non-additive models were considered. The latter simulate an abrupt change in explicative variables across different phases (time periods or climatic index values). The results have shown that two oceanographic scenarios around the Balearic Islands, associated with macro and meso-scale climate regimes, can influence the population dynamics of hake and red shrimp. This is especially true for recruitment, which seems to be enhanced during low NAO and IDEA indices periods. During these periods, colder-than-normal winters generate high amounts of cold Western Mediterranean Intermediate Waters (WIW) in the Gulf of Lions, which flow southwards and reach the Balearic Islands channels in spring, increasing the productivity in the area. This oceanographic scenario could also be favourable to the distribution of hake on the fishing grounds where the trawl fleet targets this species, increasing its accessibility to the fishery. Both spawning stock and abundance of red shrimp seems to be also enhanced by high MO index periods, which could reflect the increased presence of the saline and warm Levantine Intermediate Waters (LIW) in the study area, extending over the fishing grounds of this species. The proposed interactions can be useful to assess and manage these important demersal resources.     

3000吨级海上巡视船耐波性分析

以3 000吨级巡视船为研究对象,运用三维水动力理论对其耐波性能进行了数值计算。文中除了给出零航速时船体垂荡、横摇、纵摇与参考点垂向运动的传递函数（RAO）,还进一步进行短期预报,给出航速为0 kn、13 kn、15 kn与18 kn时船体横摇、垂荡、纵摇与参考点垂向加速度的有义值,并与模型试验结果进行对比分析。结果表明：水动力预报值与模型实验值的趋势基本一致。     

基于AHP的三体巡视船概念设计研究

为论证三体船型较常规船型的总体性能优势,采用层次分析法,对船型进行多目标综合评估。在此基础上完成了一型千吨级三体巡视船概念设计,并阐明了该船型的主要设计特点,可供以后此类船型设计时参考。