Population dynamics of the red shrimp Aristeus antennatus in the Balearic Islands (western Mediterranean): Short spatio-temporal differences and influence of environmental factors

The red shrimp Aristeus antennatus is one of the target species of the bottom trawl fishery of the Balearic Islands. The objective of the present paper is to study the short spatial and temporal differences of this important economic resource between two different locations off Mallorca (Cabrera: CA; Sóller: SO), where a fleet mobility pattern has been detected, and to study the influence of environmental conditions on this species. Six simultaneous bottom-trawl and oceanographic surveys were carried out at these two locations in order to collect data from the demersal species, hydrography (temperature and salinity), trophic resources and sediment characteristics. The commercial fleet from both locations was monitored by monthly on-board sampling, log-books and daily landings obtained from sales slips. Additional data was obtained from other fishing surveys. Short spatial and temporal differences have been detected between both locations. The population at CA was more demographically homogeneous, while that at SO showed important variations, like high abundance of juveniles recruiting to fishing grounds in autumn–winter and high abundance of large females during summer. Several differences have also been found in the biology of the species between locations, such as males were more abundant in SO than in CA. Also, the reproductive period started sooner in SO than in CA, and the condition of pre-spawning females was better in SO. The percentage of total lipids in the hepatopancreas was minimal during the spawning period, showing their importance as a reserve of energy for the ovary ripening. Water masses could play an important role in these differences, the characteristics of water masses being more stable in CA than in SO. Red shrimp adult females seemed to be more correlated with the warmer and more saline Levantine Intermediate Waters, while juveniles (males and females) and adult males were more correlated with the colder Western Mediterranean Deep Waters, detected only in SO during autumn–winter. Two different hypothesis of mobility patterns for the species are discussed in relation to these observed differences.     

以学生专业协会为载体, 全面提升学生技术水平探索与实践

为了提升职业院校学生技能水平,解决专业学生课后重社团、轻专业,第二课堂华而不实的问题,本文提出了一种以"学生和指导老师"为双主体的专业社团管理模式,在广东交通职业技术学院智能互联协会的实践证明,这一探索切实可行,本文详细介绍了其运行模式,并对未来进行了展望.     

Demographic indicators of the relative need for artificial reefs in Florida

Abstract

Artificial reef development involves pfonning from a number of perspectives including biological, océanographie, engineering, and social. This article reviews previous studies and identifies demographic variables that affect the use of artificial reefs by recreational anglers. An index of relative demand was created employing eight components: number of coastal county resident boat anglers, nonresident boat anglers, tourist boat anglers, nonboat anglers, number of fishing clubs, number of charter/party boats, number of registered pleasure boats, and the rate of county population growth. By comparing the magnitude of the index to the number of existing artificial reefs off of Florida's 35 coastal counties, an estimate of relative need was graphically portrayed on a state map. Indian River county on the Atlantic coast and Hernando, Hillsborough, Pasco, Citrus, Levy, Lee, and Charlotte counties on the central Gulf coast are the areas with the greatest demand relative to existing reef supply.     

社区教育服务新农村建设的路径探索与实践

文中分析了社区教育的内涵,新农村建设背景下推进社区教育的必要性,从政府主动参与、整合教育资源及设立社区教育学院等方面探索开展社区教育服务新农村建设的方式。     

某住宅小区雨污混接改造技术方案的探索

在上海市全面开展水环境整治的背景下,以青浦区某住宅小区雨污混接改造工程为例,分析探讨该小区排水系统存在的主要问题,提出该小区雨污混接改造的具体实施方案,以及海绵城市设计方案。其成果可为类似工程项目提供借鉴。     

关于我国社区交通安全静化的应用分析

对我国小区交通事故的发生原因进行分析。在社区内行人有道路使用优先权。引入“主动型安全”的交通静化措施，并选择效果明显的交通花坛、减速丘、路面窄化设施和全封闭设施4种静化措施，提出使用减速丘或减速带时不在路缘侧设置渐变段的建议。     

Adapting to Catch Shares: Perspectives of West Coast Groundfish Trawl Participants

Abstract

Catch share programs are used in fisheries management to meet goals such as species recovery, overcapacity reduction, and economic efficiency. Anticipated impacts include fleet consolidation, infrastructure reduction, and social disruption within communities. The Pacific Coast Groundfish Fishery Social Study (PCGFSS) aims to understand social changes related to the recently implemented West Coast Groundfish Trawl Catch Share Program. In this article, we use a subset of PCGFSS data to explore the ways remaining fishery participants have thus far adapted to catch shares. While some vessels have left the fishery, we found that many participants are adapting to this catch shares program despite challenges. Quota leasing strategies, fishery diversification, gear innovation, and community quota funds are some of the tools participants are using to continue operating under the catch shares program. These early challenges and adaptations to the catch share program are worthy of continued tracking, as researchers, managers, and fishing communities, would benefit by considering first-hand perspectives of the on-the-ground realities of harvesting groundfish in the rationalized fishery.     

Global Fish Trade,Prices, and Food Security in an African Coral Reef Fishery

This study evaluated the potential impact of global fish trade on local food prices by analyzing a 16-year locally collected time series of disaggregated coral reef fish products and prices that differed in their market chain linkages—ranging from local to international markets. We were primarily interested in evaluating how local and global markets interacted with the local prices of beef, fish, and maize. There was no cointegration between the prices of exported octopus and that of maize and beef over this study period. Further, the three types of fish and associated markets responded in different ways to various price changes. For internationally traded octopus, we found a positive association between price and catch rates but no evidence that the global trade in octopus markets created local inflation, particularly the prices of the fish eaten by the poor. In general, there was no evidence for price transmission from export to nonexport fish products even though fishers appeared to focus on octopus when prices were high. Consequently, fishers' behaviors and trade policies that promote adjusting fishing effort to internationally traded fish did not appear to promote poverty or food insecurity in this fishery.     

加纳渔港码头供水和渔船含油污水量取值研究

中国援建非洲加纳首都阿克拉Jamestown渔港工程设计主要采用中国规范,兼顾当地规范.我国《渔港总体设计规范》和《渔港工程》设计规范中供水公式的符号有含义解释,但没有给出参数取值或数值范围,使设计人员无从入手计算水量.通过援建项目的设计完成,本文将供水用到的公式符号参考数据和小型渔船含油污水量整理出来,供大家参考.     

港口导堤植被消波的试验研究

针对天津中心渔港东导堤工程,通过几何比尺为1∶10的断面物理模型试验,研究了植株布置方式、种植排数和淹没水深对护岸植被消波效果的影响。研究表明:1)护岸植被对波浪有一定的消减作用,可减小波浪对护面结构的直接冲击,并降低越浪量,但是植被的消波效果只对一定范围内的波浪有效。2)就植被的消波效果而言,矩形布置方案略好于梅花形布置方案;树木种植排数越多消波作用越大;半淹没时的消波效果略好于全淹没状态。3)结合天津中心渔港东导堤护岸结构,肩台种植树木7排时,植被消波效果最好,其中波高最大消减32.9%,越浪量最大消减87.8%。