公路建设项目法人激励模型研究

项目法人在公路项目建设中起着举足轻重的作用 ,其经营水平、工作绩效的高低直接关系到项目建设期三大控制目标的实现和企业的长远发展。利用委托～代理激励理论研究了项目法人制下的项目经营者激励模型 ,以期促进和完善现代项目企业制度 ,提高项目经营者自身及企业经济效益水平。     

GM(1,1)模型与指数模型在基桩沉降预测中的应用

以某大型基桩的沉降预测为例,利用灰色系统理论的GM(1,1)与Aeax曲线模型进行基桩在外荷载作用下沉降量的预测。结果表明:两种模型对于呈指数变化规律的系统能获得较好的预测结果;两种模型对基桩累计沉降的预测符合工程实际,对各级荷载作用下的本级沉降预测不够合理。对两种模型关系的研究表明,两者有内在联系,都属指数曲线预测模型,且指数曲线Aeax预测模型比GM(1,1)模型应用起来更简单,方便。     

基于Matlab的三相变压器故障的仿真模型

以单相双绕组变压器数学模型为基础,用3个独立的单相变压器表征三相变压器的每一相,推导出了三相之间的连接关系方程;建立一种以磁链作为状态变量的三相变压器内部故障暂态仿真模型;充分考虑了二次侧终端条件、铁心磁路饱和等因素,选择磁链作为状态变量.在该模型基础上,对三相变压器的励磁涌流,短路试验电流、绕组匝地匝间短路故障时一次侧电流进行仿真计算及特性分析,验证了模型的正确性和有效性.     

SCW-based Outsourcing Operation Modeling in the Case of Integrated Supply Chain Management

By analyzing the features of integrated supply chain management （SCM） and its environment, this paper puts forward the types of outsourcing under this environment and their functions for different type of outsourcing models. This paper also expresses the outsourcing operation model in the case of integrated SCM environment and the outsourcing management model based on CSCW. Through an operational example analysis and comparison, it can be seen that the modeling that is set up in this paper is feasible and effective.     

铁路货物运输市场价格优化模型研究

常用的定价方法主要是成本定价法、投资回报率法以及目标利润率方法等,但这些方法在使用时不易掌握,不能分析各类市场因素对价格水平的影响以及影响程度。为了能够在定价中综合考虑市场因素,根据优化理论建立了铁路货物运输市场价格模型,模型中以收入与支出的差额最大化为优化目标,以运输价格水平与货物的市场价格水平之间保持一定的比例为约束,其结果描述了各种因素与价格之间的关系,由此可以分析影响运价的价格弹性、各种运输方式的市场份额等主要因素的作用和影响,并通过具体示例进行了价格测算。     

Aggregate expenditure elasticity for transport and communication in Australia

For the purpose of estimating Engel elasticity, one needs to find the best functional form among various alternatives. In this paper, a new function, which is called the double semi-log Engel function turns out to be the best functional form for the transport and communication items in Australia on the basis of the distance function (D²) criterion, and the non-nested hypothesis testing procedure. This function is then used to estimate total expenditure elasticity, and the percentage change in consumer demand due to changes in total expenditure and total expenditure inequalities; using the 1975–76 Household Expenditure Survey data. The results of the analyses demonstrate that transport and communication is a necessary item in Australia on the basis of two criteria, viz., its elasticity is not significantly greater than unity, and the percentage change in demand increases with a decrease of the total expenditure inequality [emphasised by Iyengar (I960)]. Policy implication of the analyses has also been discussed.     

基于灰理论的港口吞吐量预测研究

港口吞吐量是港口建设的重要依据,有效预测港口吞吐量,才能使港口在海洋运输业中发挥重要作用。灰理论预测可以在少量信息、不完全数据的情况下,揭示港口吞吐量的发展变化特征,是研究港口吞吐量的有效工具。本文对上海港货物吞吐量进行研究的结果表明,应用灰理论对港口吞吐量建立灰色模型GM(1,1)进行短期预测,其结果有较高的实用价值。     

Estimation of value of travel time reliability

In mode choice decision, travelers consider not only travel time but also reliability of its modes. In this paper, reliability was expressed in terms of standard deviation and maximum delay that were measured based on triangular distribution. In order to estimate value of time and value of reliability, the Multinomial and Nested Logit models were used. The analysis results revealed that reliability is an important factor affecting mode choice decisions. Elasticity is used to estimate the impacts of the different policies and system improvements for water transportation mode. Among these policies, decision maker can assess and select the best alternative by doing the benefit and cost analysis based on a new market share, the value of time, and the value of reliability. Finally, a set of promising policies and system improvement of the water transportation were proposed.     

沉箱箱壁计算分析和局部优化

采用结构计算程序AN SY S,对北方某港拟建的15万吨级矿石转水码头大直径圆沉箱箱壁进行了计算。对桥梁计算中通用的影响线加载程序进行修改,编制成适用于卸船机荷载的动态规划程序,并嵌入结构分析程序中,计算出最不利组合工况下的沉箱箱壁受力;同时参考AN SY S拓扑优化结果,对沉箱消浪孔形式和布置位置等进行了调整,计算分析后给出了受力性能更为合理的细部构造布置。