Effects of structural flexibility on the dynamic responses of low-height lifting mechanism for offshore wind turbine installation

Installation complexities are one of the major challenges in the floating offshore wind turbine (OWT) industry. The modern concept introduced by the SFI-MOVE project is an effort to overcome the complexities by utilizing a low-height lifting mechanism. It is common to idealize a crane in the lifting mechanism as a rigid body since the structural deflections are smaller than the responses introduced by the other system components. However, structural flexibility can play an essential role in demanding offshore operations with smaller acceptable tolerances. In this study, lifting cranes are modeled using the finite element method and simplified by implementing equivalent 3D beam elements. Dynamic analysis is performed for various environmental conditions, and the responses of the crane structure and the OWT are calculated for each load case. This research reveals that crane structure flexibility influences the relative motion between a floating spar buoy and an OWT during mating operations. Crane structural flexibility contributes significantly to the OWT rotations. In addition, the response deviation between using rigid and flexible cranes increases as the excitation force increases. Therefore, it is recommended to consider the crane structural flexibility in the calculation when strict installation tolerances are needed.     

侧围线轮罩包边技术与应用研究

介绍一种在侧围线集成的轮罩包边新型技术,把滚边胎模集成到侧围焊接夹具上,使焊接作业与滚边作业在同一个工位上完成.该技术的应用,在保证产品滚边工艺、滚边质量的前提下,实现了占地面积小、投资小、高柔性的技术突破.给汽车行业轮罩包边工艺普及带来了一种良好的解决方案.     

Valuing cargo flexibility in oil transportation

The seaborne oil transportation market is served by two main types of vessels—crude oil tankers and product tankers. Product tankers are designed to move refined oil products, yet they can also opportunistically carry ‘dirty’ products such as crude and heavy fuel oil, subject to the cost of tank cleaning when re-entering the clean products trade. We apply an entry-exit real option model with a stochastic freight rate differential to derive optimal triggers for switching between the two cargo types and estimate the value of the switching option. We show that the value of active switching has grown over time, and generally exceeds the additional construction cost of a product tanker. Our findings are important both from a practical point of view and for our understanding of market integration in the tanker freight market. Specifically, shipowners can use our model as a basis for optimizing chartering policy for clean product tankers. We also show that there are periods where the dirty market is persistently stronger, and discuss the possible reasons for such apparent inefficiencies.     

聚合物改性水泥砼改性效果的评价参数研究

笔者通过论述抗折强度提高的百分比及压折比等参数不能很好的评价聚合物改性水泥砼的改性效果,提出用柔度系数的概念来评价聚合物改性水泥砼的改性效果,并且测试计算了羧基丁苯改性水泥砼的柔度系数,最后从柔度系数与断裂性能的相关性说明柔度系数能定性地评价聚合物改性水泥砼的断裂性能.     

第四代港口的概念及其推行方式

借助于港口发展阶段性理论和供应链管理理论,研究了第四代港口的内涵、特征和实施方法。对第四代港口概念进行了界定,分析了其功能特征,提出了第四代港口是柔性化港口的观点。给出了实施第四代港口的四个阶段,即:港口作业流程再造阶段、准时化阶段、精细化阶段和从精细到敏捷的阶段。认为港口柔性化是一个能满足第四代港口发展需要的战略模式,能帮助港口适应由现代供应链所带来的新的经济环境。为此,建议港口运营商应通过最大限度地满足顾客差异化服务的需要,营造出一个敏捷化的港口,从而使港口真正纳入现代供应链管理之中,顺利跨入第四代港口的行列。     

物流系统柔性能力研究

分析了物流系统不确定性的基本类型,给出了物流系统柔性的定义、性质和类型,建立了物流系统柔性研究的总体框架,比较了物流系统柔性度量的两种不同思路,并提出了实现物流系统柔性能力的策略.     

Commuting trip satisfaction in Beijing: Exploring the influence of multimodal behavior and modal flexibility

In the past decade, many studies have explored the relationship between travelers’ travel mode and their trip satisfaction. Various characteristics of the chosen travel modes have been found to influence trip experiences; however, apart from the chosen modes, travelers’ variability in mode use and their ability to vary have not been investigated in the trip satisfaction literature. This current paper presents an analysis of commuting trip satisfaction in Beijing with a particular focus on the influence of commuters’ multimodal behavior on multiple workdays and their modal flexibility for each commuting trip. Consistent with previous studies, we find that commuting trips by active modes are the most satisfying, followed by trips by car and public transport. In Beijing, public transport dominates. Urban residents increasingly acquire automobiles, but a strict vehicle policy has been implemented to restrict the use of private cars on workdays. In this comparatively constrained context for transport mode choice, we find a significant portion of commuters showing multimodal behavior. We also find that multimodal commuters tend to feel less satisfied with trips by alternative modes compared with monomodal commuters, which is probably related to their undesirable deviation from habitual transport modes. Furthermore, the relationship between modal flexibility and trip satisfaction is not linear, but U-shaped. Commuters with high flexibility are generally most satisfied because there is a higher possibility for them to choose their mode of transport out of preference. Very inflexible commuters can also reach a relatively high satisfaction level, however, which is probably caused by their lower expectations beforehand and the fact that they did not have an alternative to regret in trip satisfaction assessments.     

工商管理专业大学生创新能力培养的课程体系研究

21世纪是创新的世纪,是创造性人才竞争的世纪,创新能力是社会向大学生提出的时代要求,特别是对于工商管理专业的大学生而言,创新能力尤其重要,在实施大学教育过程中,加强对大学生创新能力的培养势在必行,其中,课程体系的设置是培养大学生创新能力过程中的重要一环,动态、模块化、具有相当柔性的课程体系的建立对于工商管理类大学生创新能力的培养有着重要的意义。     

平面框架结构中变截面杆件的刚度计算

矩形截面抛物线楔形梁作为一种变截面杆件在平面框架结构中经常使用。本文通过求矩形截面抛物线楔形梁的单元柔度系数、刚度系数,提出了平面框架结构中矩形截面抛物线楔形梁的单元刚度矩阵。     

联合模态柔度和静力位移的桥梁有限元模型修正方法

利用商用软件ANSYS提供的零阶和一阶优化算法,通过1个仿真简支梁有限元模型修正算例,比较了不同目标函数的有限元模型修正效果,提出了一种联合动力模态柔度和静力位移的有限元模型修正方法,并将这种方法运用于一座加固后的刚架拱桥的有限元模型修正,建立起了该桥加固后的基准有限元模型。结果表明:利用修正后的刚架拱桥有限元模型计算的静、动力特性与实测结果吻合良好,这种联合静、动力的有限元模型修正方法具有比较好的模型修正效果,修正后的桥梁有限元模型可以服务于桥梁健康监测和安全评估。