基于柔刚体模型的高速车轮振动辐射噪声研究

随着轨道车辆速度的不断提升,其运行噪声已成为城市噪声的主要来源之一,在传统的动力学模型基础上,引入了柔性轮对模块,将车轮辐射噪声与模态结合起来,并对车轮结构进行优化设计,以期为低噪声车轮的研究提供参考依据。     

独立轮对柔性耦合转向架耦合刚度对动力学性能的影响

提出一种独立轮对柔性耦合转向架的方案。通过理论分析得知,一旦耦合刚度合理匹配,该转向架就会在二系悬挂系统和柔性耦合元件的协调作用下自动把前后轮对调整到径向位置,这说明独立轮对柔性耦合转向架有望彻底解决独立轮对的导向难题。然后通过数值仿真全面分析了耦合刚度对独立轮对柔性耦合转向架动力学性能的影响,找出了其影响规律,获得独立轮对柔性耦合转向架耦合刚度的最佳匹配关系,为今后独立轮对柔性耦合转向架的方案设计提供了重要的理论依据。同时本文还提出了独立轮对柔性耦合转向架能产生类蛇行运动的新观念。     

海拉尔～满洲里一级公路总体设计

海拉尔～满洲里一级公路是交通运输部第二批示范项目,是内蒙古自治区第一个公路示范工程。因其地处草原地区,故被称为"草原示范第一路"。通过海满公路总体设计,介绍新理念在该项目各个环节中的应用情况,对今后草原公路的设计工作起到积极的参考借鉴作用。     

刚性系杆在软土地区上承式坦拱桥中的应用

介绍了预应力技术在上承式拱桥中的研究及应用现状,提出了在上承式拱桥两桥台之间设置预应力混凝土刚性系杆来平衡水平推力的新思路,并结合背景工程,系统地研究了这种结构体系的受力机理、设计方法及结构控制指标,指出了其相对于柔性系杆的优势及适用条件,并针对地基土比例系数m进行了参数敏感性分析。计算结果表明,参数m的取值对结构受力状态影响显著,建议在地质勘察报告提供的取值范围内选取多个值进行试算。     

他山之石 可以攻玉——交通运输部疏浚与吹填工程规范编写组欧洲考察纪略

根据对国际最大挖泥船制造企业IHC Merwede公司、国际四大疏浚公司Van Oord Dredging and Marine Constractors bv、Boskalis International bv、Jan de Nul Group和DEME(Dredging,Environmental&Marine Engineering)的考察交流以及对在建工程的施工现场考察情况,从规范编制、疏浚船舶制造、疏浚工程勘察设计与施工和我国疏浚业发展等方面提出看法和建议,可为业界借鉴参考.     

管壁不连续对管路中传播的弯曲波的隔离

采用梁弯曲振动的运动方程来求解管壁中传播的弯曲波,然后用传递矩阵的方法得出了弯曲波在通过管壁不连续段后的透射系数矩阵。利用边界条件,分析了管壁材料不连续段及其在管路中的布置情况对弯曲波透射系数的影响,并得出了如下结论:作为管路不连续段的铜管、铝管和挠性胶管都可以对管路中传播的弯曲波起到隔离作用,但它们也都有可能使振动放大。这与频率、边界条件和管路不连续段的布置密切相关;对极低频弯曲波的隔离是十分困难的,甚至是不可能的;管路不连续段的布置情况、管路边界条件(即支撑情况)和频率应当是管路隔振设计中需要特别注意的因素;挠性胶管在可以起隔离作用的条件下能够取得比铜管和铝管更低的透射系数和更大的位移补偿。     

城市轨道交通明挖装配式地下结构设计技术及方法

通过多年装配式地下结构建造技术的理论和试验研究，结合实际工程应用，对明挖条件下的城市轨道交通等市政工程预制装配式地下结构的设计技术和方法进行系统性总结。1）从全方位体现装配式技术的工业化建造理念的角度，提出装配式地下结构的设计基本原则和基本规定，并结合明挖装配式结构的特点提出主要设计内容； 2）针对装配式结构设计的重要环节，包括结构体系的确定、基坑工程和结构防水等方面进行论述，提出接头选型、结构拆分及内部结构的设计方法，以及基于装配式结构的基坑工程设计技术要求和设计方法，涵盖支护选型、基坑宽度的确定、桩墙+内支撑体系技术设计要点、基坑回填技术设计要点等，并总结装配式地下结构的防水关键技术。     

A model for the biaxial dynamic bending of unbonded flexible pipes

An analytical model is given to investigate the behavior of unbonded flexible pipes under biaxial dynamic bending. The stick-slip conditions of each wire are studied in the framework of incremental analysis by an operator splitting of the time step into a stick-state prediction and a slip-state correction step. The tension gradient is calculated using the classical return-mapping algorithm and the obtained tension gradients are integrated numerically to find the axial tension by imposing appropriate boundary conditions. From the axial tension the bending moments with respect to the principal bending axes of the pipe are obtained. Poisson's effect, bending induced tension in the wire, shear deformations of the supporting plastic layer and the changes of the effective torsion and curvature increments of the wire after slip occurs are taken into account in the model. The results of bending moment–curvature relationship from this model are compared with the test data from simple bending and good correlations are found. The comparison of the biaxial bending moment results between this model and the available model also shows good agreement.     

Numerical modelling of hydrodynamic responses of Ocean Farm 1 in waves and current and validation against model test measurements

With the continuous growing of the aquaculture industry and increasingly limited fish farming sites at close to shore areas both in Norway and worldwide, there is a need to develop fish farms suitable for aquaculture production in typical offshore environments. For this purpose, SALMAR has developed and deployed the Ocean Farm 1 facility for offshore fish farming.The main purpose of this paper is to develop a reliable numerical model and investigate the motion responses of the Ocean Farm 1 structure in waves and current. The established numerical model consists of the Ocean Farm 1's frame structure (with rigidly-connected circular column components), the net and the mooring system. The hydrodynamic external loads and coefficients of the frame structure are obtained by using potential flow theory. The quadratic drag load on the individual circular columns of the frame structure is formulated by a given drag coefficient. The loads on the net are formulated by using the screen model, where the Reynold number dependent lift and drag forces are formulated as a function of the solidity ratio Sn of the net, relative inflow angle and velocity. The hydrodynamic loads on the mooring lines are formulated using the Morison's equation and the structural responses of the mooring lines are obtained using a nonlinear FE model.With the developed numerical model, time domain simulations are performed. The simulation results are firstly validated against measured data from the decay tests, current tests, and regular wave tests. After the validation, numerical simulations are performed in different irregular wave and current combined weather conditions and the obtained motion response of Ocean Farm 1 are discussed and compared with available measurement data.     

气体燃料/汽油两用燃料汽车自适应燃料点火器

气体燃料 /汽油两用燃料汽车燃用不同燃料时 ,最佳点火提前角相差悬殊。采用自适应燃料点火器可根据发动机使用燃料的不同自动改变点火提前角。论述了单片机控制自适应燃料点火器的软、硬件结构和工作原理。试验结果表明 ,加装自适应燃料点火器后 ,发动机动力性增加 2 .6%～3.1 % ,燃料消耗率下降 2 .6%～ 3.4%。