岱山樱连门促淤围垦工程围堤地基爆破挤淤悬浮泥沙输移扩散模拟研究

爆破挤淤填石法作为地基处理的一种常用方法,广泛应用于沿海养殖围堤、围海造地、护岸以及防波堤等水工工程的淤泥质软土地基处理。在对岱山樱连门促淤围垦工程围堤地基爆破挤淤处理产生的悬浮泥沙输移扩散进行模拟的基础上,分析了爆破挤淤对周围海域的影响。研究结果表明,爆破挤淤所产生的悬浮泥沙的输移扩散受潮流的影响较大,其输移扩散的范围及方向很大程度上取决于爆破后工程区域附近潮流的水动力强度及方向。爆破挤淤后产生的悬浮泥沙浓度增量由于扩散和沉降作用迅速减小,在爆破3 h后基本降至10 mg/L以下。爆破挤淤施工中产生的悬沙对周围的水环境虽然有一定的影响但持续时间并不长,且影响范围有限。     

Tractor–semitrailer model for vehicles carrying liquids

This article presents a model for solving solid–fluid interactions in vehicles carrying liquids. A tractor–semitrailer model is developed by incorporating suspension systems and tire dynamics. Owing to the solid–fluid interaction, equations of motion for the vehicle system are coupled. To simplify the complicated solution procedure, the coupled equations are solved separately using two different codes. Each code is analyzed separately; but as the parameters of the two codes depend on each other, the codes must be connected at the end of each time step. To determine the dynamic behavior of the system, different braking moments are applied. As the braking moments increase, braking time decreases. However, it turns out that increasing the braking moment to more than a certain level produces no significant results. It is also shown that vehicles carrying fluids need a greater amount of braking moments in comparison to vehicles carrying solids during braking. In addition, as the level of the fluid inside the tanker increases, from one-third to two-third of the tanker’s volume, the sloshing forces applied to the tanker’s walls increase. It was also concluded that the strategy used in this article to solve for the solid–fluid interaction by incorporating vehicle dynamic effects represents an effective method for determining the dynamic behavior of vehicles carrying fluids in other critical maneuvers.     

Semi-active engine mount design using auxiliary magneto-rheological fluid compliance chamber

Engine mounts are used in the automotive industry to isolate engine and chassis by reducing the noise and vibration imposed from one to the other. This paper describes modelling, simulation and design of a semi-active engine mount that is designed specifically to address the complicated vibration pattern of variable displacement engines (VDE). The ideal isolation for VDE requires the stiffness to be switchable upon cylinder activation/deactivation operating modes. In order to have a modular design, the same hydraulic engine mount components are maintained and a novel auxiliary magneto-rheological (MR) fluid chamber is developed and retrofitted inside the pumping chamber. The new compliance chamber is a controllable pressure regulator, which can effectively alter the dynamic performance of the mount. Switching between different modes happens by turning the electrical current to the MR chamber magnetic coil on and off. A model has been developed for the passive hydraulic mount and then it is extended to include the MR auxiliary chamber as well. A proof-of-concept prototype of the design has been fabricated which validates the mathematical model. The results demonstrate unique capability of the developed semi-active mount to be used for VDE application.     

某乘用车空调系统配气比及气动噪声分析优化

空调系统设计与布置合理与否直接影响乘员舱内舒适性。空调系统设计要求配气比必须满足标准要求,而且风道的气动噪声必须控制在合理的范围内。本文通过对某乘用车空调系统原方案进行配气比及气动噪声分析,对空调系统风管内流场分布以及气动噪声源产生与传播进行了详细分析,从而提出两种优化方案。通过配气比及噪声试验,3#优化方案满足配气比标准要求,并且驾驶员右耳处噪声较原方案降低3.7dB,效果显著。     

经过海峡的双层流体由底部波动产生的斜向波散射问题研究(英文)

The problem of oblique wave(internal wave) propagation over a small deformation in a channel flow consisting of two layers was considered.The upper fluid was assumed to be bounded above by a rigid lid,which is an approximation for the free surface,and the lower one was bounded below by an impermeable bottom surface having a small deformation;the channel was unbounded in the horizontal directions.Assuming irrotational motion,the perturbation technique was employed to calculate the first-order corrections of the velocity potential in the two fluids by using Green’s integral theorem suitably with the introduction of appropriate Green’s functions.Those functions help in calculating the reflection and transmission coefficients in terms of integrals involving the shape function representing the bottom deformation.Three-dimensional linear water wave theory was utilized for formulating the relevant boundary value problem.Two special examples of bottom deformation were considered to validate the results.Consideration of a patch of sinusoidal ripples(having the same wave number) shows that the reflection coefficient is an oscillatory function of the ratio of twice the x-component of the wave number to the ripple wave number.When this ratio approaches one,the theory predicts a resonant interaction between the bed and the interface,and the reflection coefficient becomes a multiple of the number of ripples.High reflection of incident wave energy occurs if this number is large.Similar results were observed for a patch of sinusoidal ripples having different wave numbers.It was also observed that for small angles of incidence,the reflected energy is greater compared to other angles of incidence up to.These theoretical observations are supported by graphical results.     

采用遗传算法进行球鼻艏优化的流体动力计算(英文)

Computational fluid dynamics(CFD) plays a major role in predicting the flow behavior of a ship.With the development of fast computers and robust CFD software,CFD has become an important tool for designers and engineers in the ship industry.In this paper,the hull form of a ship was optimized for total resistance using CFD as a calculation tool and a genetic algorithm as an optimization tool.CFD based optimization consists of major steps involving automatic generation of geometry based on design parameters,automatic generation of mesh,automatic analysis of fluid flow to calculate the required objective/cost function,and finally an optimization tool to evaluate the cost for optimization.In this paper,integration of a genetic algorithm program,written in MATLAB,was carried out with the geometry and meshing software GAMBIT and CFD analysis software FLUENT.Different geometries of additive bulbous bow were incorporated in the original hull based on design parameters.These design variables were optimized to achieve a minimum cost function of "total resistance".Integration of a genetic algorithm with CFD tools proves to be effective for hull form optimization.     

多种激励耦合作用下的二维液舱晃荡(英文)

In this research,liquid sloshing behavior in a 2-D rectangular tank was simulated using ANSYS-FLUENT software subject to single or multiple-coupled external excitations(such as sway coupled with roll,and sway and roll coupled with heave).The volume of fluid(VOF) method was used to track the free surface of sloshing.External excitation was imposed through the motion of the tank by using the dynamic mesh technique.The study shows that if the tank is subjected to multiple coupled excitations and resonant excitation frequencies,liquid sloshing will become violent and sloshing loads,including impact on the top wall,will be intensified.     

采用高阶边界元法的楔形体变速度入水数值模拟(英文)

A high order boundary element method was developed for the complex velocity potential problem. The method ensures not only the continuity of the potential at the nodes of each element but also the velocity. It can be applied to a variety of velocity potential problems. The present paper, however, focused on its application to the problem of water entry of a wedge with varying speed. The continuity of the velocity achieved herein is particularly important for this kind of nonlinear free surface flow problem, because when the time stepping method is used, the free surface is updated through the velocity obtained at each node and the accuracy of the velocity is therefore crucial. Calculation was made for a case when the distance S that the wedge has travelled and time t follow the relationship s=Dtα, where D and α are constants, which is found to lead to a self similar flow field when the effect due to gravity is ignored.     

全垫升气垫船控制研究综述

介绍了气垫船的性能、特点及国内外的发展概况;对比分析了2种类型气垫船(全垫升式气垫船、侧壁式气垫船)的主要性能及其主要应用范围;介绍了全垫升气垫船、侧壁式气垫船综合控制研究现状;简要介绍了全垫升气垫船水平运动控制、升沉运动控制方法;展望了全垫升气垫船的应用前景及所带来的社会效益;分析了市场对气垫船的需求及其推广的可行性.     

液舱内三维液体非线性晃荡的数值模拟

晃荡是一种非常复杂的非线性液体流动现象,载液船舶的晃荡问题颇受关注,因为在外界的激励下液舱内会产生剧烈的晃荡现象,巨大的晃荡冲击力会造成结构的破坏.文中建立了三维晃荡数学模型及数值计算模型,借助处理自由表面的VOF(volume of fluid)方法对液舱内液体晃荡的自由表面进行追踪,编制程序实现了液舱内三维液体非线性晃荡的数值模拟,并就三维刚性液舱内粘性液体的自由晃荡和强迫晃荡做了分析,讨论了液体不同粘性系数对晃荡的影响.模拟结果证明了三维晃荡理论的可行性.