船舶开孔梁局部屈曲的无网格MLPG分析方法

[目的]针对船舶开孔梁板易产生局部屈曲效应、受到较高的集中载荷作用会产生明显的结构响应和屈曲破坏力的问题,提出采用无网格数值方法对该类问题进行数值分析。[方法]首先,以问题域离散节点为基础建立其紧支函数,运用加权余量法建立系统位移场离散方程,并由移动最小二乘法构造离散节点的形函数,以获得位移函数的逼近函数;然后,结合经简化的屈曲评估法,将屈曲方程特征值求解进行降阶处理,得到更为精确的屈曲载荷因子;最后,进行算例演示,比较所提方法和传统计算方法并进行验证。[结果]结果显示,所提方法有效,其结果与原结构有着更高的契合度。[结论]针对开孔板梁的无网格法数值分析特性可为分析各种形状的蜂窝状板梁结构提供一种新的思路。     

Experimental study on seismic vibration control of an offshore wind turbine with TMD considering soil liquefaction effect

Wind energy is clean and sustainable. Taiwan is establishing offshore wind farms using wind turbines in the Taiwan Strait. However, these are located in an earthquake-prone area with sandy seabed conditions. To ensure their safety and reliability, the turbines’ support structure must be protected against wind, waves, and seismic loads. Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are commonly employed to reduce structural vibrations. A TMD is more simply incorporated into turbine structures than are other energy dissipation devices. In this study, a 1:25-scale test model with a TMD was constructed and subjected to shaking table tests to experimentally simulate the dynamic behavior of a typical 5-MW wind turbine with a jacket-type support structure and pile foundation. The scaled-down wind turbine model has a nacelle without rotating blades; therefore, the aerodynamic and rotational effects due to the rotating blades were ignored in this study. A large laminar shear box filled with saturated sandy ground was used to simulate the typical seabed conditions of Taiwanese offshore wind farms. The TMD system was designed to be tuned the first-mode frequency of the test model. Two ground accelerations, selected by considering wind farm site condition and near-fault characteristics, were used for excitation in the test. The responses of the test model with and without the TMD system were compared, and the influence of soil liquefaction on the effectiveness of TMD vibration control was addressed.     

Simplified buckling-and-contact-based expansion method for assessment of crashworthiness of double-hulled ship structure

Ship-to-ship collision events can have severe consequences such as loss of life and environmental degradation. For this reason, modern ship designs are required to incorporate a double-hulled structure to prevent inner-hull damage from such events. Using the experimental or numerical method to analyze the crashworthiness of double-hulled ship structures entails much effort, for which reason neither method is easy to adopt at the early design stage. In this paper, an existing simplified method called Ito's method is improved by a new buckling-and-contact-based expansion method. This method can be applied to double-hulled-structure or outer-hull-local-rupture failure mode. The perpendicular bow-to-side collision scenario is assumed for a conservative estimation of damage to a double-hulled structure. The method was verified in the present study by numerical ship collision simulations of several cases. The results for the buckling-and-contact-based expansion method and numerical simulation were similar for a blunt shape of striking body but different for a sharp shape.     

高速铁路路基全断面沥青混凝土防水封闭结构

提出1种高速铁路路基全断面沥青混凝土防水封闭结构,基于该结构工作状态,分析其主要功能特性,设计碾压密实高模量沥青混凝土。将全断面沥青混凝土防水封闭结构应用于工程试验段,跟踪监测其服役特性。结果表明:试验段轨道结构及路堤基床动力性能均满足规范限值要求;试验段基床含水量维持在8%~18%,受天气影响小,而邻近的纤维混凝土对照段基床含水量为10%~35%,随天气波动显著;试验段沥青混凝土的吸热作用,使得路肩处基床温度较对照段大;试验段路基竖向变形监测值较对照段稍大,但均满足限值要求;试验段沥青混凝土与底座等接触情况良好,无松散剥落等病害,仅在底座板接缝处有数条裂缝,而对照段出现较多的纵横向裂缝,严重影响其防水封闭效果;沥青混凝土修补方便,可维护性高。     

收费公路资产证券化定价及发行方法研究

从数据驱动视角出发，本文探讨收费公路资产支持证券的结构化定价方法。首先，构建反 映交通量风险特征的收费公路通行收入自回归积分滑动平均模型；其次，基于瀑布式偿付结构和 到期收益率Nelson-Siegel模型计算不同等级证券发债规模与息票利率；最后结合成渝高速和渝 蓉高速现实数据进行仿真分析。研究发现，高速公路成熟期的通行收入具有尖峰厚尾特征，成长 期的通行收入更兼具显著的波动聚集效应。数据驱动的定价模型能够刻画通行收入的风险特 征，合理估计优先级的证券融资比例，比只考虑利率风险的现金流折现法更具有优势；从发行方 式来看，合并发行的融资结构显著优于单独发行。管理启示是改变以单个高速公路项目为基础 的特许经营权融资，通过绩优绩差项目的合并发行优化融资结构。     

Riser-soil interaction model effects on the dynamic behavior of a steel catenary riser

A mathematical model employed to analyze the global dynamics of a Steel Catenary Riser (SCR) taking into account the interaction with the seafloor and the effect of the soil reaction forces is established. The choice of soil model plays an important role for the dynamic behavior of SCRs. The riser has been modeled using flexible beam with large curvature and elastic foundation beam to describe the riser-soil interaction by means of realistic nonlinear load-deflection (P–y) curves. The study is made to improve an existing finite element numerical code for dynamic analysis of mooring lines and risers, known as CABLE 3D, which is based on a slender rod assumption. Effects of nonlinear seabed model on the dynamic behavior of SCRs under vessel cyclic perturbation have further been investigated and discussed using a realistic P–y curve to simulate soil deformation and resistance forces. The interaction model depends on several factors, such as soil strength, penetration depth and riser characteristics. The dynamic responses of the riser Touchdown Point (TDP) excited by vessel periodic heave motion are studied and the results are compared with those from the linear spring model. SCR has been perturbed by 10 regular sinusoidal cycles and the responses calculated by improved code show a number of features such as suction force mobilization, gradual increasing penetration depth, and gradual reduction of soil resistance at maximum penetration. The riser behavior at the touchdown zone (TDZ) depends on the riser top motion amplitude, nonlinear soil stiffness and suction force. The impact of the riser-soil interaction model on the dynamic behavior in the TDZ has been thoroughly studied in this paper.     

IPO择时行为对资本结构的影响分析

基于资本结构的市场时机选择理论,本文以2006-2010年沪深两市IPO公司为研究对象,建立实证分析模型,研究IPO市场时机选择行为对资本结构的影响。实证结果表明沪市不存在明显的IPO择时行为,而深市较为明显,且此行为对资本结构构有长期影响,但其影响力有限,不及传统因素。     

铁路轮渡浮桥结构设计

浮桥是铁路轮渡联系桥的设计方案之一。本探讨了浮桥的结构设计依据和原则，以及设计荷载，计算工况，结构组成和应用优化设计理论选定浮桥杆件截面的方法。     

筑路机械路面铣刨机械的结构与维护保养

介绍了路面铣刨机的结构、工作原理。针对路面铣刨机在正常作业过程中零件磨损的现象，提出了路面铣刨机械的养护措施。     

基于SCP理论的我国港口物流绩效定量分析

运用SCP产业组织理论的研究方法,分析我国港口物流产业绩效的整体现状,同时试图构造一个"结构-行为-绩效"的分析框架,为产业现状的科学评价提供服务.研究结果表明:我国港口物流产业目前正处于一种一定程度垄断性质的竞争市场结构;市场行为体现出局部垄断和竞争合作的两重性,其出现的适应性反应,影响了市场结构和市场绩效;另外,市场绩效也造成了产业结构和市场行为的变化.通过技术统计及理论分析,认为我国港口物流产业正处于快速成长时期,其经营绩效显著优于其他物流行业,呈现出较好的发展势头.