超大型浮体结构考虑非线性项的波浪力响应计算

为求解超大型浮体结构波浪响应问题,将其简化成弹性梁板模型。以有限元软件为基础来建立超大型浮体结构的弹性梁板模型,在势流理论的基础上,将速度势分解为入射势、绕射势和辐射势三部分,并利用格林函数法推导出一阶、二阶波浪速度势的表达式。以此为理论基础,编制了相应的计算程序来计算浮体结构所受到的二阶波浪力,最后建立了梁板模型的水弹性响应方程,对非线性波浪力作用下的浮体结构的水弹性响应进行求解分析,并分析了波向对响应振幅的影响。     

亚临界区雷诺数下电磁力控制圆柱绕流场特性研究

采用脱体涡模拟方法对弱电解质中电磁力作用下圆柱绕流场及其升阻力特性进行了数值模拟与分析。研究结果表明,在亚临界区雷诺数下电磁力可以提高圆柱体边界层内的流体动能,延缓圆柱体近壁面流动分离,减弱绕流场中流向和展向大尺度涡的强度,减小圆柱体阻力及其升力脉动幅值;当电磁力作用参数大于某个临界值后,流动分离角消失,在圆柱体尾部产生射流现象,电磁力产生净推力作用,出现负阻力现象,而且升力脉动幅值显著减小且接近于零。     

风浪流作用下单船艏艉锚泊允许波高的试验研究

研究风浪、浪流和风浪流联合作用对275HP拖网渔船单船艏艉双锚锚泊时锚泊力和运动量的影响。试验结果表明,风浪作用下的锚泊力和横摇角度均大于纯浪作用的情况;流速小于1.0 m/s时浪流作用下的锚泊力大于纯浪作用的情况,而横摇角度则略小于纯浪作用的结果;风浪流联合作用下的艏艉拉力均大于风浪或浪流作用下的拉力值。由于渔船艏艉受风和受流面积的区别,导致艏拉力时流的影响较大,而艉拉力时则风的影响较大。由于流作用时渔船具有的初始横摇角度对其运动具有抑制,从而风浪流联合作用时的横摇角度要略低于风浪作用下的角度值。在本次试验范围内,当港内同时有10级左右风和小于1.0 m/s流速的流共同作用时,建议允许有效波高取0.6 m比较合适。     

半圆体结构在长江深水航道整治工程中的应用

在长江深水航道一期工程白茆沙整治工程中,部分堤身采用了半圆体混合堤结构。根据工程实际情况,对堤身结构选型进行了比较分析,对半圆体结构受力和构造进行分析研究。工程实践运用表明,该结构稳定性优,实现了整治建筑物的功能要求,应用效果良好。     

T型地连墙结构m法计算中的问题和改进

采用传统m法计算单锚T型地连墙结构内力时,墙前土体反力往往会超过被动土压力,因而需通过多次迭代计算,不断调整土体m值,直至满足要求,计算过程繁琐。结合工程实例,基于传统m法,考虑土体变形对m值的影响,提出采用分段m法计算T型地连墙结构,有效解决了传统m法计算中存在的问题,并在唐山港曹妃甸港区文丰通用杂货码头工程设计中得到成功应用。     

共振转换器的动力反共振隔振理论与应用

共振转换器是一种有效的动力反共振隔振装置.文章建立了共振转换器的动力学模型,推导了共振转换器隔振系统的力传递率表达式,以此作为理论预测依据分析了其动力反共振隔振特性,并且讨论了相关参数影响,最后介绍了共振转换器在船舶轴系纵向减振方面的应用.仿真结果表明,共振转换器具有液压放大效应和反共振机制,在反共振条件下力传递率可以降低至极低水平,选择低粘度和低密度的流体介质可以提高隔振效果.轴系试验台测试结果显示,共振转换器在隔离宽带振动的同时,还可有效地消减轴系纵向振动的低频共振峰,具有很大的实船应用价值.     

机械设备振源三向激励力测试方法

机械设备传递到船体上的激励力对船舶结构振动噪声预报有着重要意义。对于弹性安装的设备,提出采用基于隔振器阻抗特性的激励力间接测试方法和基于三向力传感器的直接测试方法。以小型柴油机为实验对象,用PCB三向力传感器直接测量柴油机机脚通过隔振器传递到基座的激励力,提出力传感器噪声干扰的抑制措施。实验结果表明,三向激励力间接测试值的误差小于3 dB,保证了测试精度,可作为准确值验证间接测试方法,在工程中采用间接测试方法完全可以代替直接测试方法。     

Joint earthquake and wave action on the monopile wind turbine foundation: An experimental study

Offshore wind turbines in regions of active seismicity are under a potential threat caused by the joint earthquake and ocean wave action. Taking NREL-5MW monopile wind turbine as the prototype, this study is devoted to probe the joint action of strong earthquakes and moderate sea conditions. A series of shake table model tests of scale 30:1 have been carried out by the contemporary world unique facility (Earthquake, Wave and Current Joint Simulation System) to investigate the structural response in dry flume, low and high calm water levels, with and without regular or random waves. Particular interest has been in the nacelle acceleration subjected to strong ground motions as well as to random waves. The experimental results of nacelle peak accelerations and corresponding dynamic amplification factors show that the joint earthquake and wave action is important for the proper evaluation of structural response. Ignoring the effect of wave action in seismic analysis will lead to underestimation of structural response, especially when the monopile foundation is dynamically sensitive. The coupling of earthquake and wave actions is sourced not only from the relative velocity of vibration but also from the initial condition induced by waves. It has been also derived that the peak acceleration excited by a moderate sea condition is comparable to that by a moderate earthquake.     

Simplified analysis for estimation of the behavior of a submerged floating tunnel in waves and experimental verification

To achieve rational design in waves for a submerged floating tunnel which has emerged as a new offshore transportation infrastructure, it's necessary to understand its hydrodynamic behavior. For simple but accurate estimation of hydrodynamic forces, a theoretical method is proposed and the tests with physical models in a wave flume were carried out for verification. Morison's equation was used to estimate wave loads composed of inertia force and drag force. Forces calculated by applying the linear wave theory to Morison's equation coincided well with those measured by the tests. The test results showed that mooring systems played a significant role in the movement of the submerged floating tunnel in waves. A pendulum model could be used to describe the motion of the submerged floating tunnel with a single vertical mooring. Based on the verified relations, a simple slack condition which causes the submerged floating tunnel to be unstable was also proposed. The simplified approach proposed by this study proved to be useful in designing the submerged floating tunnel in the initial stage.     

一种新型浮式防波堤的试验研究

浮式防波堤具有不影响相应海域物质交换、造价随水深变化不大等优点,但其消波效果较差且对锚泊系统要求高等因素,减缓了它向实际工程转化的步伐。本研究综合考虑阻挡反射、紊动耗能、波峰耗散多种消波机理,进而提出一种由多菱形模块拼装而成的多孔浮式防波堤结构,并对该结构进行物理模型试验。试验结果表明。该结构型式的浮堤消波效果好且受波浪力小。