冬季巴士海峡偏北大风的分析与预报

本文通过冬季巴士海峡偏北大风个例的计算分析，认为大气的不稳定、狭管效应对该海区偏北大风的形成起重要作用。并在此基础上，提出了适用于船舶的预报此类大风的方法。     

洞新高速公路岩溶路基处理工程实例

在分析总结国内外相关研究成果的基础上,基于洞新高速公路现场施工处治经验,开展现场变形预测分析,总结提出适用的溶洞路基施工处治技术,并采用有限元计算与理论分析相结合的方法,对加固效果进行分析。     

长大隧道施工地质超前预测预报技术应用研究

结合渝怀铁路金洞隧道施工地质超前预测预报技术的实施,着重介绍长大隧道施工地质超前预测预报技术应用研究的目的、思路、方法、手段、工作原理、实施步骤与判别方法、主要预测预报成果及体会。     

支持向量机在货运量预测中的应用研究

在分析现有货运量预测方法所存在问题的基础上,建立了货运量预测的支持向量机模型,并以我国1981～2001年的货运量和相关经济指标的历史统计数据作为学习样本,分别选用3种不同的核函数,通过拟合训练和外推预测分析,验证了支持向量机用于货运量预测的有效性,并对模型中的有关参数进行了探讨分析。     

机场货运交通量预测方法研究

该文首先分析了机场货运交通的特点,针对这些与常规交通预测不同的特点,构建了机场货运交通预测模型,模型中不但考虑了机场货邮吞吐量,而且考虑了货运业务的客运需求。最后,以深圳机场规划为例,进行了货运交通预测。     

浅谈永九快速线永龙隧道涌水量预测

该文通过永龙隧道工程实例,根据其水文地质条件,详细介绍了隧道涌水量预测方法,其中对水文地质参数的选择、计算公式的选择与推导作了详细论述,最后总结了经验和体会。     

基于土地利用的开发区交通需求预测模型研究及应用

该文提出了基于土地利用的开发区交通需求预测模型,并将其应用于实际规划工作。首先提出了基于土地利用的交通需求预测的体系框架,建立基于土地利用的居民出行生成预测模型,确定了用于出行分布预测的重力模型以及用于出行方式分担预测的距离竞争曲线模型,在此基础上,将所建立的模型应用于营口沿海产业基地的综合交通规划中,参考国内相关城市案例数据及营口老城区居民出行调查数据标定了上述模型中的参数,研究表明预测模型在开发区的交通规划中具有良好的应用效果。     

古夫隧道软弱围岩普通型机械化配套试验性施工技术

为提高隧道软弱围岩施工安全性和加快施工进度,依托古夫隧道出口段工程,首先通过超前地质预报、监控量测、应力应变测试等判断围岩及掌子面稳定性; 然后通过超前支护、低预应力涨壳式锚杆加固围岩,提高围岩自稳能力; 最后采用普通型机械化配套大断面法施工,对围岩的拱顶沉降、周边收敛、应力应变等进行监测,通过数据分析结果指导现场施工。研究结果表明： 1)隧道软弱围岩普通型机械化配套试验性施工技术可以有效地加快施工进度,保证施工安全; 2)信息化管理可以通过数据分析结果指导现场施工,大大提升隧道施工的管理水平。     

综合超前地质预报在小坪子隧洞中的运用研究

研究目的：研究如何在施工过程中对隧洞掌子面前方的地质条件进行预报，减少地质灾害的发生。研究方法：在超前地质预报的宏观预报、长期预报、短期预报、临近警报等不同阶段，以地质理论为基础，综合运用地质方法、地球物理勘探方法、钻探方法，结合实践经验进行研究。研究结果：得出了地质预报的阶段性和不同阶段的预报方法，提出了地质超前预报体系各方法的相互关系，得出了实施超前地质预报应采用的步骤、方法及实施时应注意的问题。研究结论：深埋长大隧洞施工过程中的地质预报，只有采取地质理论的、地球物理的、钻探的等综合的方法，并且按宏观的、长期的、短期的、临近的思路进行才能取得好的效果。     

1/32° real-time global ocean prediction and value-added over 1/16° resolution

A 1/32° global ocean nowcast/forecast system has been developed by the Naval Research Laboratory at the Stennis Space Center. It started running at the Naval Oceanographic Office in near real-time on 1 Nov. 2003 and has been running daily in real-time since 1 Mar. 2005. It became an operational system on 6 March 2006, replacing the existing 1/16° system which ceased operation on 12 March 2006. Both systems use the NRL Layered Ocean Model (NLOM) with assimilation of sea surface height from satellite altimeters and sea surface temperature from multi-channel satellite infrared radiometers. Real-time and archived results are available online at http://www.ocean.nrlssc.navy.mil/global_nlom. The 1/32° system has improvements over the earlier system that can be grouped into two categories: (1) better resolution and representation of dynamical processes and (2) design modifications. The design modifications are the result of accrued knowledge since the development of the earlier 1/16° system. The improved horizontal resolution of the 1/32° system has significant dynamical benefits which increase the ability of the model to accurately nowcast and skillfully forecast. At the finer resolution, current pathways and their transports become more accurate, the sea surface height (SSH) variability increases and becomes more realistic and even the global ocean circulation experiences some changes (including inter-basin exchange). These improvements make the 1/32° system a better dynamical interpolator of assimilated satellite altimeter track data, using a one-day model forecast as the first guess. The result is quantitatively more accurate nowcasts, as is illustrated by several model-data comparisons. Based on comparisons with ocean color imagery in the northwestern Arabian Sea and the Gulf of Oman, the 1/32° system has even demonstrated the ability to map small eddies, 25–75 km in diameter, with 70% reliability and a median eddy center location error of 22.5 km, a surprising and unanticipated result from assimilation of altimeter track data. For all of the eddies (50% small eddies), the reliability was 80% and the median eddy center location error was 29 km. The 1/32° system also exhibits improved forecast skill in relation to the 1/16° system. This is due to (a) a more accurate initial condition for the forecast and (b) better resolution and representation of critical dynamical processes (such as upper ocean – topographic coupling via mesoscale flow instabilities) which allow the model to more accurately evolve these features in time while running in forecast mode (forecast atmospheric forcing for the first 5 days, then gradually reverting toward climatology for the remainder of the 30-day forecast period). At 1/32° resolution, forecast SSH generally compares better with unassimilated observations and the anomaly correlation of the forecast SSH exceeds that from persistence by a larger amount than found in the 1/16° system.