混合交通流参数之间关系模型标定

提出了混合交通流参数之间关系模型的标定和超车换道率的计算方法,采用广深高速公路、广佛高速公路和沪宁高速公路的实测数据对模型进行了验证,并计算了各数据点的超车换道率.结果表明,流量、密度数据的相关系数都接近1,超车换道率介于-1和1之间.     

基于动态模量试验的沥青混合料老化性能研究

为研究沥青混合料老化过程中的动态特性,对在不同温度条件下经受不同频率的动荷载的沥青混合料在不同老化期的动态模量进行试验,分析温度和荷载频率对动态模量及相位角的影响,采用车辙因子对沥青混合料的高温稳定性进行评价,并根据时间温度等效原理建立了不同老化程度的动态模量主曲线。研究结果表明：老化沥青混合料的动态模量和相位角具有明显的温度和频率依赖性,老化使沥青混合料动态模量增大,相位角减小。动态模量主曲线研究结果表明老化使沥青混合料的动态模量在整个温度（或频率）范围内变化幅度减小。     

Empirical approaches to combining revealed and stated preference data: Some recent developments with reference to urban mode choice

This paper replaces the nested logit ‘trick’ used in estimation of a modal choice model, when stated preference (SP) and revealed preference (RP) data are pooled, with an error component mixed logit model that can (i) relax the IID condition attached to subsets of alternatives in nested logit models, (ii) accommodate correlated observations, and (iii) reveal the relevant scale parameter for subsets of alternatives. Such a model can also incorporate state dependence between data types and preference heterogeneity on observed attributes. An example of choice among bus, train and car modes illustrates the difference in empirical evidence, especially elasticity outputs.     

基于工作电压的动力电池剩余容量动态估算

以单体蓄电池为研究对象，为解决电动汽车动力电池在工作状态下的剩余容量（SOC）进行实时估算的难题，提出了一种新的动力电池剩余容量估算方法。通过外接一个处于工作状态下电池周期性的恒定电流负载，测得一系列的电池工作电压，这些工作电压采用阶段斜率的计算方法求电池该时刻的剩余时间，从而推算出电池的SOC。证明了动态工作点折算到静态工作点的可行性。该方法的相对误差最大不超过7％，通过软件可实施对温度、老化等因素的补偿。误差分析结果表明，该方法误差小，测量精度高。     

高速单体船推进系统参数辨识方法研究

建立高速单体船推进系统参数辨识的数学模型,采用优化的方法辨识推进系统的各参数,将辨识结果与仿真结果进行比较,验证该辨识方法的可靠性.     

合肥地区复合地层盾构掘进参数控制研究

为保证合肥地铁盾构隧道的施工安全,基于合肥地层情况,通过PLAXIS 3D 岩土有限元软件模拟穿越软土、硬岩及复合地层 3 种不同地层条件的盾构掘进过程,研究开挖面支护力N、盾构钢壳锥度引起的收缩率C 和壁后注浆压力p 对地表沉降和围岩变形 响应的影响规律。研究结果表明: 1)支护力N 和注浆压力p 对地表沉降的影响受地层和埋深的限制较大,收缩率C 则相对较小; 2)从地表沉降上看,盾构掘进参数(N、C、p)对软土层的影响最大,复合地层次之; 3)p 对管片上浮和管片内力的影响显著,不宜设 置过高,软土层对p 最为敏感,硬岩和软硬复合地层次之。最后,将这些影响规律应用于合肥地铁4 号线某区间的盾构掘进参数控 制中,结合现场数据分析,结果表明盾构掘进姿态正确,地表沉降稳定,掘进参数合理可靠。     

A Novel Approach to Vehicle Dynamics using the Theory of a Cosserat Point and its Application to Collision Analyses of Platooning Vehicles

A fully three-dimensional, computationally inexpensive vehicular model is presented. In contrast to traditional rigid body models, the vehicle's sprung mass is modeled as a (nonlinearly) deformable body. The formulation of the equations of motion is based on a continuum theory known as the theory of a Cosserat point. These equations largely preserve the relative simplicity of rigid body dynamics but incorporate deformable features. The ease of computer implementation permits the simultaneous simulation of vehicle and collision dynamics of multiple vehicles and highway objects. In this paper, the theory of a Cosserat point is summarized and its general application to vehicle and collision dynamics is illustrated. A three-dimensional collision algorithm is discussed with emphasis on small closing velocities (negligible residual crush, elastic rebound). The novel model is compared to standard procedures.     

To fully automate or not? Investigating demands and willingness to pay for autonomous vehicles based on automation levels

We review the literature on the motivators of consumers’ purchasing decisions regarding autonomous vehicles (AVs), focusing on environmental awareness, vehicle types, concerns about accidents, and merits. The willingness to buy (WTB) and willingness to pay (WTP) for AVs have been extensively studied. However, it is imperative to broaden the outlook and consolidate the existing knowledge base. Although the WTB and WTP for AVs have been studied, automation-level preferences have been underresearched. Based on more than 150,000 observations, we construct a choice model and calculate the WTP for each level of automation. Our results show that there is a disparity between people's WTB and WTP according to the automation level. In particular, we find that the coefficients regarding FAVs’ benefits and accidents significantly exceed those related to environmental concerns. Such results indicate that practical benefits and concerns influence AV demand and WTP to a greater extent than environmental awareness. Our model results indicate a disparity between WTB and WTP for AVs that mostly derives from the different types of environmental concerns, concerns about accidents, and perceived benefits from these automobiles. Our results urge policies according to which governments and companies closely examine consumers who exhibit WTB-WTP disparities. Issues relating to demand patterns, WTP, and a suitable policy framework are discussed.     

水声网络探测节点的一种运动目标参数估计算法

文章提出了一种水声网络探测节点的运动目标参数估计方法,即基于模型匹配原理的估计算法。给出了算法的原理和仿真分析。     

贺尔海枢纽立交方案比选

对贺尔海枢纽立交的方案比选设计进行了详细的介绍,希望能够为同类立交设计时提供技术借鉴。