Vehicle identification sensors location problem for large networks

Finding the optimal location for sensors is a key problem in flow estimation. There are several location models that have been developed recently for vehicle identification (ID) sensors. However, these location models cannot be applied to large networks because there are many constraints and integer variables. Based on a property of the location problem for vehicle ID sensors, given the initial vehicle ID sensors that are pre-installed and fixed on the network, this article presents a solution that greatly reduces the size of this location problem. An applied example demonstrates that when 8% of the arcs from a real network that are randomly selected have a vehicle ID sensor, the reductions are as large as 97% for the number of remaining constraints in the location model and 84% for the adjusted diameter of the feasible region of target flow. Using these two indices as target functions, two greedy algorithms are presented for solving the vehicle ID sensor location problem. These two algorithms were applied to an example in Mashhad city with 2,526 arcs, 7,157 origin-destination pairs and 121,627 paths. Using these algorithms, installing vehicle ID sensors on 8% of the network arcs results in satisfaction of 99.82% of the constraints in the location model and 97.6% reduction in the adjusted maximum possible error index. This means that deploying a low number of vehicle ID sensors on a real large network, with these greedy algorithms, yields a high level of observability.     

Optimization Parameter of Transformation of Parallel Translation for Ship Pitch Simulation

The transformation of parallel translation can improve the smoothness of discrete series sometimes. In this paper, for ship pitch, a method to modify the system error is proposed via the transformation of parallel translation, which can give the optimize parameters using the Method of Minimum Squares. The series in the method can fit white exponential law better, and then be applied in GM( 1,1) very well. The numerical experiments imply that the method is practical, which make the ship pitch system model more accurate than GM (1,1).     

轨道不平顺信号的鲁棒参数估计与谱分析

轨道不平顺测量数据总会受到不同程度的污染。轨道谱的传统周期图估计和时间序列AR模型估计结果都对污染较敏感,算法缺乏鲁棒性。用鲁棒估计新理论对轨道不平顺随机信号进行鲁棒—稳固谱估计,并对估计的轨道谱曲线与传统轨道谱曲线进行对比,同时对观测数据加入脉动噪声后的轨道谱进行估计。结果表明,鲁棒估计谱对原始数据的干扰要求低,具有鲁棒稳健性。     

无超调三阶系统的PID参数整定

将有超调系统跟PID控制联系起来，对二阶超调系统进行了深入的研究，推导出了PID参数、被控对象参数与系统期望极点之间的关系，给出了二阶系统在PID控制下保证系统无超调的充要条件、充分条件或必要条件，并进行了严格的数学证明．     

仿蒸汽机车列车组

仿蒸汽机车列车组是株洲电力机车厂开发研制的一种仿古游览列车,文章介绍了仿蒸汽机车列车组的技术参数与结构特点。     

轻轨车辆用耐候钢冲压性能及工艺参数试验研究

本文论述了耐候钢耐腐蚀及高强度的特点,给出了其经试验得到的有关冲压性能和冲压工艺参数,为拟定工艺和设计模具提供了依据.     

基于未知声速的水下三维单信标定位模型

现有水下单信标定位通常考虑航行器在二维运动状态下建立动力学模型,但实际上航行器在三维状态下运动.针对其三维运动的特点,将水深作为新的状态变量,基于原有5个状态变量,提出一种新型水下单信标定位模型,并建立相应的过程噪声模型.使用仿真数据,对比新型水下单信标定位模型与传统模型,利用卡尔曼滤波输出评估2种模型的定位精度.仿真...     

CRTSⅡ型板式轨道关键参数对高速车辆-轨道垂向耦合振动响应的影响

基于CRTSⅡ型板式无砟轨道关键参数对行车安全的影响,指导轨道结构的优化,利用有限元方法和轮轨系统耦合动力学原理,建立车辆-轨道-路基系统垂向耦合动力学模型,研究轨道结构关键参数对列车的振动特性和轮轨垂向作用力的影响规律。研究结果表明：轨道板厚度对行车平稳性基本无影响;当扣件刚度从20 kN/mm增加到100 kN/mm时,轮对和转向架的振动加速度分别增加43.94%和7.98%,轮轨垂向力增加29.83%;扣件阻尼从20 kN·s/m增大到100 kN·s/m时,轮对和转向架的振动加速度分别减小21.64%和7.09%,轮轨垂向力减小9.48%,车体变化不大;为保证行车的安全性和平稳性,扣件阻尼和混凝土支承层厚度应尽可能取较大值。     

基于OD反推技术的城市新建高等级道路交通量预测方法--以镇江市长江隧道为例

随着新一轮路网调整工作在各个城市开展,隧道、高架类型的城市高等级道路建设数量不断增多,由于这些高等级道路的建设造价较大,因此在初期决策阶段需要对这些道路的交通量进行快速、准确的预测以便为决策者及规划者提供直观的评价依据。然而传统的“四阶段”方法耗时耗力,无法满足该项工作需要。鉴于此,结合镇江市长江隧道交通量预测,对基于OD反推技术的城市新建高等级道路交通量预测方法进行了介绍,并对其预测结果与传统“四阶段”法进行了对比分析。     

脱空对钢管混凝土拱桥受力的影响分析

脱空对钢管混凝土拱桥受力特性的影响与拱桥的脱空率、含钢率、桁高等参数有关。采用有限元分析方法对脱空状态下的钢管混凝土拱桥状态进行了具体分析,得到脱空对不同拱桥参数如刚度、稳定性及动力特性等的影响结果,为今后钢管混凝土拱桥的设计提供一定的理论参考。