缸套-活塞环三维润滑状态模拟分析

以发动机缸套-活塞环摩擦副为对象,研究润滑表面粗糙度、润滑油的变黏度效应以及气缸套圆周方向的形变等因素对润滑状态的影响。运用三维瞬态平均Reynolds方程与微凸体接触模型,建立缸套-活塞环三维瞬态动压润滑模型,并使用Fortran语言编制了润滑状态计算程序,得出行程内的最小油膜厚度、压力分布、摩擦力等曲线。结合实际工况对计算结果进行分析,表明在活塞环圆周方向上的油膜压力及油膜厚度分布都是不均匀的,有明显变化;在压缩冲程上止点附近,微凸体摩擦力数倍于流体摩擦力,是引起摩擦磨损的主要原因。     

轮轨润滑技术的发展

综述轮轨润滑技术的发展和现状,介绍国内外目前较先进的几种轮轨润滑装置及与之相匹配的润滑剂,指出轮轨润滑技术的发展趋势。     

桩侧土的桩-土临界位移实验研究

通过室内直剪摩擦试验、室内模型试验、深井荷载试验和桩基静载试验,研究了各类桩的临界位移的规律及其影响因素。研究结果表明,桩侧摩阻力达到极限值所需要的临界位移较桩身沉降而言是很小的,因此,合理地选择桩土荷载传递模型,正确认识桩的荷载传递机理是进行桩基优化设计的前提。本实验研究为桩的荷载传递分析提供了理论根据。     

铝合金搅拌摩擦焊温度场的数值模拟

为了研究搅拌摩擦焊在焊接过程中温度场的变化情况，文中根据摩擦学原理，建立了搅拌摩擦焊热输入的数学模型，利用ANSYS有限元分析软件计算出瞬态温度场分布，并得到了试板上任意一点温度随时间的变化曲线。通过将计算结果与实验值比较，验证了计算结果的正确性。结果表明：搅拌摩擦焊是一种固态焊接方法，而且搅拌头前面的高温区域要比后方窄；在板厚方向上，温度是由表面向底面依次降低的；对于与焊缝中心等距离的点，后方比前方达到的温度最高值要稍高。     

高速异步牵引电动机的轴承与润滑优化

高速异步牵引电动机的轴承与润滑是当今世界交通部门急需解决的一个重要研究课题。文章通过试验开展轴承和润滑优化的设计与研究,运行试验证明轴承正确润滑对提高异步牵引电动机可靠性和安全性有良好效果。     

"大源湖"号油船尾管异常声响分析与对策

从“大源湖”号油船在满载航行时产生尾管异常声响现象,经研究和理论计算,查找出产生的原因,提出经济而简单的解决措施。由此对大型船舶提出一个共性问题,轴系校中应考虑船体变形的影响,防止事故发生。     

160 km/h～200 km/h客车高性能合成闸片研究

概述了国内外树脂基合成摩擦材料和我国提速列车半金属合成闸片的现状,详细介绍了160km/h～200km/h客车高性能合成闸片的研制情况,并提出了制定160km/h～200km/h客车高性能合成闸片标准时应考虑的主要因素。     

Total dynamic response of a PSS vehicle negotiating asymmetric road excitations

A planar suspension system (PSS) is a novel automobile suspension system in which an individual spring–damper strut is implemented in both the vertical and longitudinal directions, respectively. The wheels in a vehicle with such a suspension system can move back and forth relative to the chassis. When a PSS vehicle experiences asymmetric road excitations, the relative longitudinal motion of wheels with respect to the chassis in two sides of the same axle are not identical, and thus the two wheels at one axle will not be aligned in the same axis. The total dynamic responses, including those of the bounce, pitch and the roll of the PSS vehicle, to the asymmetric road excitation may exhibit different characteristics from those of a conventional vehicle. This paper presents an investigation into the comprehensive dynamic behaviour of a vehicle with the PSS, in such a road condition, on both the straight and curved roads. The study was carried out using an 18 DOF full-car model incorporating a radial-spring tyre–ground contact model and a 2D tyre–ground dynamic friction model. Results demonstrate that the total dynamic behaviour of a PSS vehicle is generally comparable with that of the conventional vehicle, while PSS exhibits significant improvement in absorbing the impact forces along the longitudinal direction when compared to the conventional suspension system. The PSS vehicle is found to be more stable than the conventional vehicle in terms of the directional performance against the disturbance of the road potholes on a straight line manoeuvre, while exhibiting a very similar handling performance on a curved line.     

Reduction of skin friction by microbubbles and its relation with near-wall bubble concentration in a channel

Determination of the flow structure near the wall is essential for a clear insight into the phenomenon of skin friction reduction by microbubbles in a turbulent boundary layer. An important parameter, is the bubble concentration or void fraction in the wall region in drag-reducing conditions. The purpose of this paper is to show drag-reducing effects due to microbubbles in a water channel and, more importantly, to show the dependence of the drag-reduction values on the near-wall void fraction. A two-dimensional channel with an aspect ratio of 10 was specially built for this purpose with provisions for air injection through porous plates. Skin friction was directly measured by a miniature floating element transducer with a 5-mm circular sensing disk mounted flush on the top wall 67 channel-heights downstream of the injector. The wall friction in the presence of air bubbles was found to be reduced under the same bulk velocity when compared with the value without air. Detailed void fraction profiles across the channel were obtained by a sampling probe and a fiber-optic probe. Better collapse of the drag reduction data, independent of different profile shapes, was found when plotted against the near-wall void fraction than against a cross-sectional mean void fraction. While this dependence reconfirms that the phenomena are essentially inner-region dependent, the lack of influence of the bubble distribution patterns away from the wall implies lack of outer region influence.     

三跨无背索斜拉桥的动力特性分析

湖南路大桥主桥为一座斜塔无背索斜拉桥,跨径组合为30 m+92 m+30 m,全长152 m。建立该桥空间有限元动力分析模型,重点研究该桥的自振频率和振型特征。通过与一座同类型方案桥的对比,总结出该桥动力特性及结构体系的主要特点,为后续同类桥梁的设计和相关研究提供借鉴。