斜拉桥索塔锚固区环形预应力束孔道摩阻试验研究

通过某公路立交桥索塔锚固区节段足尺模型试验,实测索塔锚固区内环形预应力钢束的摩阻系数、应力损失率和伸长量等数据,与设计数据进行校核、修正,并确定实际的环形预应力束张拉的摩阻系数以及初始张拉控制应力值．使环形预应力束张拉伸长值控制在合理范围。     

高速动车组用弹性结构制动闸片的研制

通过对制动闸片配方设计和结构优化,研制出新型弹性结构制动闸片,并测试了其物理力学性能和摩擦磨损性能。试验结果表明:该制动闸片平均摩擦因数高,力学性能良好,安全可靠性较高,使用寿命长,可满足300km/h动车组的摩擦磨损制动性能要求。     

Frictional drag reduction with air lubricant over a super-water-repellent surface

This paper presents a new technique for reducing frictional drag using a super-water-repellent surface and air-injection (called an SWR & A technique). Its effectiveness was examined by carrying out pressure-loss measurements with a tube of rectangular cross section, along with resistance tests on a horizontal flat plate, a 7.2-m-long tanker model, and a 12-m-long high length-to-beam-ratio model ship. These test results showed that the new technique can significantly reduce the models' frictional drag; for example, the frictional resistance on the SWR surface was reduced by 80% at a speed of 4 m/s and 55% at 8 m/s. Received: October 16, 2000 / Accepted: December 4, 2000     

桩网结构在武广客运专线路基工程的应用

武广客运专线对路基沉降要求极为严格,工后沉降不超过15 mm。桩网结构是一种能够满足加固深度超过20 m、路堤填方高度大于3 m、且能较好控制路基残余变形的结构物。通过典型工点对桩网结构在工程中的应用进行了较为系统的分析。结果表明,采用桩网结构能满足路基工后沉降不超过15 mm的要求。     

拧紧速度对螺栓转矩系数的影响分析

为了研究拧紧速度对螺栓拧紧特性的影响,利用多功能螺栓紧固分析系统对紧固件进行转矩——夹紧力试验,通过试验分析得出摩擦系数随着拧紧速度的增大而减小并逐渐趋于稳定;同时摩擦系数是影响转矩系数的主要因素,转矩系数是摩擦系数的增函数,在一定范围内,转矩系数与摩擦系数呈同增减趋势;紧固件的拧紧过程,摩擦会产生高温,温度变化是使摩擦系数发生变化的重要因素.     

Experimental study on frictional and sealing performances of packing rings in an oil-free gas compressor

To enhance the reliability and to extend service life of packing rings, tribological and sealing performances are investigated based on the experimental results. Friction force, leakage rate and power consumption of three materials of pressure packing seals are measured in a refitted vertical gas compressor. The rings are made of common filled polytetrafluroethylene (Filled PTFE), PTFE reinforced with 30% mass fraction carbon fiber (30%CF+PTFE), and carbon-carbon composites infiltrated with PTFE (C/C+PTFE), respectively. It is found that packing rings will periodically vibrate with the periodic vibration of pressure packing after the travel direction of motion abruptly turns to the reverse direction. Furthermore, the amplitude of vibration slows down with the increasing crank angle. Approximate value of friction force is available by multiple-point fast Fourier transformation (FFT) employed to process the experimental results by reducing the impact of vibration to a great extent. Of three materials of rings employed in experiments, Filled PTFE presents minimal leakage rate accompanied with maximum power consumption. And 30%CF+PTFE exhibits minimum friction power and moderate leakage rate. As for C/C+PTFE, its high mechanical and thermal properties are favorable factors to enhance the ability of operating under high pressure and velocity and to improve the wear resistance. Unfortunately, this also leads to a large leakage rate. Comprehensive consideration should be taken into to evaluate the availability, reliability and service life for a type of packing ring under dry running conditions.     

西堠门大桥锚碇岩基原位试验

西堠门大桥是舟山大陆连岛工程的第4座桥,为非对称结构形式的悬索桥.该桥南北锚碇均采用重力式锚,锚碇处地质结构复杂.对南锚碇基坑底面岩基进行承载能力原位试验及摩阻系数原位试验.试验结果表明,锚碇基坑岩基承载力满足设计取值要求.在各级设计正应力下,混凝土试件与岩基接触面的剪切破坏不是发生在两者的胶结面,而是试件区域的岩基首先被剪坏,地基岩石全部碎裂,试验确定的摩阻系数允许值为0.61.     

潮湿工况影响高速动车组制动摩擦性能试验研究

高速动车组制动摩擦副的摩擦因数在雨天或湿润的环境下存在衰退的问题,直接影响到轨道车辆的运行安全。随着我国广泛开行速度超过300 km/h的动车组,潮湿工况下制动盘的性能研究越来越受到人们的重视。现首先采用1:1制动动力试验台对高速动车组制动盘潮湿工况下的摩擦性能进行了测试研究,比较了干燥和湿润两类工况下制动盘摩擦性能的异同。潮湿工况对制动盘的摩擦性能的影响较为复杂:潮湿工况下平均摩擦系数存在着明显的下降且波动更加明显;制动压力对于平均摩擦系数的影响有限,但在较高制动初速度和潮湿工况下,较低的制动压力却可以有较高的平均摩擦系数。最后分析了潮湿工况的各种影响因素,并提出了潮湿工况下制动系统的控制策略。     

软土地区铁路桥梁桥墩变位原因分析及整治措施

近年来,由于外部环境变化等原因导致的铁路桥梁桥墩的变位病害越来越多,文章主要分析了软土地区铁路桥墩发生变位的原因,提出了相应的病害整治措施,并从外部环境管理角度提出了相关建议.     

剪切速率对粉质粘土抗剪强度的影响

通过对宁波粉质粘土固结快剪试验结果的分析可以看出,剪切速率对宁波粉质粘土固结快剪的摩擦角影响很大,剪切速率较大时,摩擦角较小;剪切速率相对较小时,摩擦角相对较大。对剪切速率比较敏感的粉质粘土在做固结快剪试验时,应采用较大的剪切速率。