聚甲氧基二甲醚对轻型柴油机排放特性的影响

为了降低柴油机的颗粒排放,将聚甲氧基二甲醚(PODE)按照体积分数10%,20%和30%掺混于柴油中,制备出柴油-PODE混合燃料(记为P10,P20和P30),在一台轻型柴油机上对柴油-PODE混合燃料进行了燃烧和排放特性试验研究,并采用热重方法分析了混合燃料的挥发性与氧化特性。结果表明:P10,P20和P30在常温下都具有良好的稳定性,在0~5℃区间PODE掺混比例高于20%将出现浑浊现象,混合燃料的黏度随着掺混比例增加与温度升高而逐渐下降;随PODE掺混比例的增加,混合燃料的活化能下降,综合燃烧指数提高,P10,P20和P30的起始失重温度相对于柴油分别降低了3.3,4.3,5.3℃,起始燃烧温度分别降低了9.4,17.8,24.2℃;柴油机燃用柴油-PODE混合燃料时,随着PODE掺混比例的增加,滞燃期缩短,放热率曲线和压力升高率曲线向前偏移,缸内最高压力提高;在标定工况下,燃用P10,P20和P30的烟度较燃用柴油分别降低了26.1%,31.2%和34.8%,颗粒物较柴油在各粒径下的质量浓度均有不同程度降低,且分布峰值向小粒径偏移。     

俄罗斯轿车电控强制怠速省油器的故障诊断

在俄罗斯生产的拉达－２１０５，莫斯科人－２１４１和伏尔－３１０２９等型轿车，均装有由微动开关和４接头式电子操纵装置联合控制的强制怠速省油器，在介绍该强制怠速省油器的结构和工作原理的基础上，阐述了它常见的故障，以及利用电压表，转速表和检查灯等仪表在车上诊断故障的方法。     

基于WTW燃料循环分析的中国煤基车用燃料能量消耗和二氧化碳排放研究

以煤为初始原料转化为汽车燃料,从技术上可行的路线主要有煤的直接液化合成油、煤的间接液化合成油,以及煤基合成含氧的醇、醚燃料和煤制氢等.利用GREET模型,通过对煤基车用燃料整个WTW循环的分析得知,主要在WTT阶段消耗了大量的能量,产生了大量的二氧化碳,从而使能耗和温室气体的排放高于汽油车和柴油车.据此,提出通过二氧化碳捕捉减排技术和在燃料生产阶段进行排放控制等手段对煤基燃料节能降耗.     

Investigation of soot formation in Diesel-GTL fuel blends under quiescent conditions

In this study, a visual investigation of sprays and flames is performed, and soot formation in Diesel-GTL fuel blends is studied in a specially designed quiescent constant-volume chamber under various ambient gas temperatures and O₂ concentrations. Similar to the case of soot formation during diesel fuel combustion, the sooting zone during the mixing-controlled combustion of Diesel-GTL blends is located in the leading portion of the jet boundaries. Auto-ignition delay and soot concentration decrease with an increase of GTL content in the fuel blend. Soot also decreases with lower O₂ concentration, higher injection pressure, and lower ambient gas temperature. The lack of soot formation at lower O₂ concentrations and lower temperatures suggests that Diesel-GTL fuel blends can be successfully utilized in low-temperature diesel combustion technologies that are currently being developed. Furthermore, this mixing controlled combustion method with Diesel-GTL blends can be used to modulate various engine operation parameters, and therefore to simultaneously reduce the formation of soot and NOx within a wide range of diesel engine loads.     

非空调车加装空调电路设计

介绍一种微型车加装空调的电路设计原理图,当选用不同的电器元件和控制方式时,电路原理图要做相应的调整和修改,以满足不同用户的需求。     

天津威驰轿车电控燃油喷射系统故障检修

介绍天津威驰轿车电控燃油喷射系统的基本组成、工作原理,详细阐述电控燃油喷射系统的故障检修。     

康明斯PT喷油器的技术安装与调整

通过对PT喷油器工作原理的深刻理解和实践经验的总结,确定了应用扭矩法和升程法调整PT喷油器的实用程序和方法。     

Optimisation of full-toroidal continuously variable transmission in conjunction with fixed ratio mechanism using particle swarm optimisation

The aim of this research is the optimisation of full-toroidal continuously variable transmission (CVT) in conjunction with the fixed ratio (FR) mechanism, while the optimisation objective is to minimise fuel consumption (FC) of the vehicle in the new European driving cycle. After the dynamic analysis of the power train, a computer model is developed to simulate contact between CVT elements and consequently calculate its efficiency. Then an algorithm is presented to calculate FC of the vehicle in the driving cycle. Then, an optimisation using particle swarm optimisation on the CVT geometry and FR mechanism (which is embedded between CVT and final drive) is carried out to minimise FC. It is found that by utilisation of the optimised CVT; FC will be about 11% and 8% lower, compared with the application of a five-speed manual transmission and conventional CVT, respectively. Finally, effects of the roller tilt angle and oil temperature on the FC are investigated.     

两用燃料发动机燃气ECU点火系统软件设计

基于PIC单片机开发了电控多点顺序喷射两用燃料点火提前角调节系统。燃气ECU通过对原车曲轴转角信号的捕捉,采用软件中断结合定时器跟踪的方法调节曲轴传感器G信号的时刻位置,配合汽油ECU点火控制。可根据当前工况实时改变点火提前角,从而使发动机在各种工况下均能够达到最佳性能。实现了点火提前的数字化控制。该系统应用在CNG/汽油两用燃料发动机上,通过转鼓工况试验,验证该点火系统改进了发动机的动力性和排放性,并达到了欧Ⅲ排放标准。     

高压共轨系统喷油量自动测量研究

针对高压共轨喷射系统喷油量测量,提出了一种基于容积法的测量方法,通过喷油量充满固定容积容器所需的喷油次数来测得单循环喷油量,采用基于单片机的电子控制手段实现喷油量的自动测量。使用本测量系统进行检测和对比试验,以验证测量系统可用性和测量精度。