城市轨道交通架空接触网雷电防护

我国城市轨道交通架空接触网导线离地高度和线路绝缘水平与电力系统10 kV配电线路相当,雷电防护应以防感应雷为主.本文对接触网感应过电压进行了仿真研究,利用统计方法计算了接触网感应雷击跳闸率,提出了采用避雷线、绝缘子保护间隙和串联间隙金属氧化物避雷器3种雷电防护措施.     

Effects of the guideway's vibrational characteristics on the dynamics of a Maglev vehicle

The levitation control system in an electromagnetically levitated vehicle controls the voltage in its winding to maintain the air gap, which is the clearance between the electromagnet and the guideway, within an allowable range of variation, while strongly interacting with the flexible guideway. Thus, the vibrational characteristics of the guideway play an important role in the dynamics of Maglev (magnetically levitated) vehicles that utilise an active electromagnetic suspension system. In this study, the effects of the guideway's vibrational characteristics, such as natural frequency and damping, on the dynamics of the Maglev vehicle UTM-02 are numerically and experimentally analysed. From these analyses, the coupled equations of motion of the simplified vehicle–guideway model with three degrees of freedom are derived. Eigenvalues are calculated and frequency response analysis is also performed, in order to obtain a clear understanding of the dynamic characteristics resulting from the guideway's vibrational characteristics. To verify the numerical results, air gap tests of the urban Maglev vehicle UTM-02 are also carried out. These results lead us to recommend that the natural frequency of the guideway be decreased by increasing mass density rather than by decreasing rigidity, and that its damping ratio be increased in the Maglev vehicle UTM-02 employing a five-state feedback control law as a levitation control law.     

消除项目评价指标重叠性研究

指标间的重叠性是一个普遍存在的问题，就如何消除是的重叠性问题，从理论上和实际应用上作了较深入研究，提出用单缺口指标和双缺口指标来消除不同情况下的重叠性。     

Review and Outlook of Roundabout Capacity

Capacity is an important part of the operation efficiency at roundabouts. Through analyzing existing capacity models of roundabout, this paper focuses on the problem research principles and methods such as empirical regression model, gap acceptance model and model based on simulation software. The key technologies of modeling are also analyzed. Then the general approaches of modeling roundabout capacity are proposed, combined with some problems easily overlooked in previous study. Determining the interaction mechanism among each traffic flow and considering the significant impact factors, the capacity model is established on the whole. Finally, combing with the control objectives of roundabouts, an outlook is proposed for future studies on roundabout capacity.     

地震下城市高架桥横向偏心碰撞响应与防撞效果分析

为适应材料因温度等因素的变化而产生的横向伸缩变形及其对结构的影响,通常梁体与挡块之间会留有一定间隙。针对城市高架桥中梁体与挡块在强震作用下的横向碰撞现象,建立了考虑上部结构与挡块间偏心距和支座非线性的横桥向单墩碰撞模型。采用非线性地震反应时程分析方法,研究了初始间隙及其大小对桥梁结构横向地震反应的影响,并评估了设置橡胶缓冲垫后的防撞效果。研究结果表明：城市高架简支梁桥横向间隙处的偏心碰撞放大了桥墩的地震需求,通过在挡块内侧安装橡胶缓冲垫,可以大幅减小间隙处的碰撞力,将有效改善桥梁结构的横向抗震性能。     

Reflex在发动机缸壁间隙检测中的应用

快速傅里叶变换FFT是离散傅里叶变换的一种快速算法,能克服时间域与频率域之间相互转换的计算障碍,将信号分析从时域引入到频域内分析,清晰地显示振动信号在特征频率处的幅值.检测汽车发动机缸壁间隙时,通过搭建实验台架,利用B＆K公司的Reflex软件中的FFT变换分析发动机缸壁表面的振动信号.试验表明,在不同的发动机缸壁间隙下,测得的振动信号的频谱图具有规律性.     

周期弹簧振子结构的局域共振带隙和布拉格带隙特征研究

设计一种周期单元由一个弹簧振子与多个吸振器并联而成的周期弹簧振子结构,该结构可以同时实现低频段的局域共振(LR)带隙和高频段的Bragg带隙。建立周期弹簧振子结构的动力学模型,推导波在周期单元中传播的特征方程,详细分析结构参数对振动带隙边界频率的影响,研究周期结构的振动衰减性能。研究结果表明,周期弹簧振子在低频和高频均具有振动带隙特征,可以应用于结构的减振设计。     

考虑平台作用的顶张式立管动力分析

上层浮式平台的运动幅度比固定式平台大,对立管的影响更明显.为了解平台对顶张式立管动力的影响,提出一种动力分析方法.在一定的条件下建立立管的数学模型,采用软件Tube2D对平台和立管进行动力响应和弯曲应力分析,得到考虑平台作用的立管扶正器布置间距参数的敏感性和立管弯曲应力的变化.结果表明:对于考虑平台作用的立管模型而言,...     

基于代沟信息的可变种群规模遗传算法

针对遗传算法种群规模难以估计的问题,提出了一种基于代沟信息的可变种群规模遗传算法。利用相邻几代群体间的极优解差异信息,在遗传算法发生早熟现象时根据逻辑斯蒂模型来改变种群规模,能以较小的计算代价获得与其它遗传算法性能相近的解。实验结果证明了算法的有效性。     

窄间隙焊缝跟踪电弧传感方法及特性研究

为了推广应用高效高质量的窄间隙电弧焊方法,迫切需要解决焊缝跟踪问题。针对新型高速旋转电弧焊接工艺,建立了一种窄间隙焊缝跟踪电弧传感检测方法及系统,并分析了电弧传感器的工作特性。试验结果表明:通过计算电弧旋转中心前点两侧一定区域内电弧电流(或电压)信号的积分差,旋转电弧传感系统能够有效地检测出焊缝偏差,其传感检测灵敏度受电弧电信号积分域和被检电信号种类(电弧电流或电压)等影响。