洋澜湖大桥主桥设计与施工

该文介绍了洋澜湖大桥主桥的设计、施工要点,可供相关专业人员参考。     

防渗帷幕与排桩结构在软土地区基坑支护中的应用

在软土地质条件下,深层搅拌桩连续墙作为防渗帷幕在施工中起到良好的止水效果,结合沉管灌注桩的排桩结构形成挡土。该文总结了湖州地区的工程实例,认为这种围护结构具有施工工效高,造价低等优点,在基坑开挖过程中对围护结构进行监测,确保基坑的安全稳定。     

大口径长距离土压平衡式顶管施工技术

我国管道工程施工采用的顶管设备大多有三种类型：Ф1500mm以下用泥水平衡式顶管设备;Ф1500mm以上大多采用土压平衡式顶管设备;Ф2600mm至Ф3000mm为大口径顶管,在一般情况下,超过Ф3000mm应采用盾构机施工。该文以天津市某人防工程的顶管施工技术为例,指出：大口径长距离采用土压平衡式顶管施工,应保证提高整体施工效率,充分发挥设备技术潜能。     

顶管技术在十六浦排涝站工程中的应用

该文介绍了顶管技术在十六浦排涝站排水体系工程建设中的应用情况,总结出在复杂地层中采用该非明挖技术构建排水管道的施工经验。通过该工程的成功应用,提高了顶管的技术水平和应用范围。     

基于土地利用的开发区交通需求预测模型研究及应用

该文提出了基于土地利用的开发区交通需求预测模型,并将其应用于实际规划工作。首先提出了基于土地利用的交通需求预测的体系框架,建立基于土地利用的居民出行生成预测模型,确定了用于出行分布预测的重力模型以及用于出行方式分担预测的距离竞争曲线模型,在此基础上,将所建立的模型应用于营口沿海产业基地的综合交通规划中,参考国内相关城市案例数据及营口老城区居民出行调查数据标定了上述模型中的参数,研究表明预测模型在开发区的交通规划中具有良好的应用效果。     

3-D numerical and experimental analysis for airflow within a passenger compartment

People use cars so frequently that they always consider the air-conditioning, and thermal comfort of the driver and passenger when buying a new car. Therefore accurate simulation of the thermal performance of automobile air conditioners to improve human comfort has become increasingly important. In order to improve the thermal comfort of passengers, 3-D flow motion and thermal behavior within vehicles must be analyzed. In this paper, a numerical simulation was used to investigate thermal behavior in a vehicle. Because air temperature at an air vent is related to the cooling capacity of the air conditioner, the cooling capacity was calculated using ɛ-NTU (effective number of transfer unit) theoretical equations. Using the air temperature relationship between inlet and outlet vents as boundary conditions, a 3-D unsteady κ-ɛ turbulent model was used to give a transient analysis simulation of the temperature field and flow conditions in a vehicle’s passenger cabin. Cooling cycle analysis and conjugate heat transfer analysis at the inside surface of the cabin’s ceiling, floor and sides were also considered. The predicted temperature distributions in the vehicles passenger cabin were in good agreement with those obtained experimentally.     

Thermal design of automobile exhaust based thermoelectric generators: Objectives and challenges

The potential for thermoelectric power generation (via waste heat recovery onboard automobiles) to displace alternators and/or provide additional charging to a vehicle battery pack has increased with recent advances in thermoelectric material processing. In gasoline fueled vehicles (GFVs), about 40% of fuel energy is wasted in exhaust heat, while a smaller amount of energy (30%) is ejected through the engine coolant. Therefore, exhaust-based thermoelectric generators (ETEG) have been a focus for GFV applications since the late 1980s. The conversion efficiency of modern thermoelectric materials has increased more than three-fold in the last two decades; however, disputes as to the thermal design of ETEG systems has kept their overall efficiency at limited and insufficient values. There are many challenges in the thermal design of ETEG systems, such as increasing the efficiency of the heat exchangers (hot box and cold plate), maintaining a sufficient temperature difference across the thermoelectric modules during different operating conditions, and reducing thermal losses through the system as a whole. This paper focuses on a review of the main aspects of thermal design of ETEG systems through various investigations performed over the past twenty years. This paper is organized as follows: first, the construction of a typical ETEG is described. The heat balance and efficiency of ETEG are then discussed. Then, the third section of this paper emphasizes the main objectives and challenges for designing efficient ETEG systems. Finally, a review of ETEG research activities over the last twenty years is presented to focus on methods used by the research community to address such challenges.     

承台大体积混凝土水化热分析与施工控制

结合援孟加拉国中孟友谊六桥主桥承台设计与施工,利用Midas/Civil有限元计算分析软件对承台大体积混凝土水化热进行仿真分析,掌握水化热变化规律及其应力影响,据此指导现场施工控制。结果表明:仿真分析很好地反映了水化热变化规律及其应力影响,混凝土质量优良,没有出现温度裂缝,可供类似大体积混凝土设计与施工借鉴。     

沥青混合料搅拌设备导热油炉的选择及使用

针对施工单位在选择使用沥青混合料搅拌设备导热油炉中存在的问题,提出合理选择使用导热油炉。     

基于逆向重力模型的枢纽机场旅客吞吐量估计方法

为了利用航空OD客流数据精确估计机场旅客吞吐量,描述了全连通线性航线网络和枢纽辐射航线网络,根据枢纽机场之间的OD客流矩阵,建立了逆向重力模型标准代数算法和基于哈密顿图原理的简化代数算法,分析了在不同距离修正指数下,算法的拟合与估计精度。分析结果表明:简化代数算法与模型标准代数算法最优吞吐量回归直线的可决系数都为0.84,斜率分别为0.91和0.87,比较接近。可见算法的拟合效果优良,估计精度高,且简化代数算法需要的数据少,尤其适合大规模OD矩阵分析。