Japanese perspective of driver information systems

A perspective view of of Japanese R&D activities of Driver Information Systems is given from the standpoint of developing joint projects by public and private sectors. First, a brief history of the R&D activities is illustrated from above mentioned standpoint. Then, two major projects, AMTICS and RACS, and the social backgrounds of these projects are explained. In order to give a clear idea of both projects some technical details are treated.Based on the history and the present status of the developments, the basic design conceptions of Japanese Driver Information Systems are explained and several factors or reasons which have influenced to the design conception are discussed. Then, the promoting systems of the R&D activities are generally explained and present status of the projects and future problems in developing more advanced systems are also handled. A brief discussion on the establishment of international standard is also mentioned as a final comment.     

Aggregate expenditure elasticity for transport and communication in Australia

For the purpose of estimating Engel elasticity, one needs to find the best functional form among various alternatives. In this paper, a new function, which is called the double semi-log Engel function turns out to be the best functional form for the transport and communication items in Australia on the basis of the distance function (D²) criterion, and the non-nested hypothesis testing procedure. This function is then used to estimate total expenditure elasticity, and the percentage change in consumer demand due to changes in total expenditure and total expenditure inequalities; using the 1975–76 Household Expenditure Survey data. The results of the analyses demonstrate that transport and communication is a necessary item in Australia on the basis of two criteria, viz., its elasticity is not significantly greater than unity, and the percentage change in demand increases with a decrease of the total expenditure inequality [emphasised by Iyengar (I960)]. Policy implication of the analyses has also been discussed.     

一种改进的基于密度和网格的高维聚类算法

提出了一种改进的基于密度和网格的高维聚类算法,并对算法有效性进行了验证.该算法通过减少样本点数量的方法达到减少稠密子空间数量.在发现高维稠密子空间时,对样本库进行精简.这些样本点的求得能有效减少求解最小聚类的时间复杂度.     

工程平面控制网置平平差的方法研究

提出一种将秩亏自由网平差和三参数坐标转换相结合的平面控制网平差方法,其特点是在平差过程中控制网整体网形不因上级控制点点位的改变而变化。首先介绍秩亏自由网平差及其精度评定的原理,推导进行控制网三参数坐标转换及对置平后的控制网进行精度评定的数学模型。仿真计算结果证明了对传统边角控制网而言,置平平差较约束平差具有更强的抗原始数据误差的能力,是一种工程平面控制网平差的新方法。     

专用铁路综合数据通信网建设方案探讨

铁路综合数据通信网,是铁路信息化建设的基础平台,建设时首先应完善铁路基础通信网,然后从业务需求、网络结构、技术方案、网络管理、安全策略等几个方面综合考虑,合理规划,有效实现资源最大化的目标,使专用铁路信息化建设更科学、更合理。     

融合RCM、PHM和数据挖掘的城市轨道交通车辆维护决策技术研究

提出了一种用于轨道交通车辆系统维修决策的RCM(以可靠性为中心的维修)可靠性评估的新方法。针对轨道交通车辆系统故障机理复杂,影响因素冗多,提出基于RCM、PHM(故障预测与健康管理)和数据挖掘算法相融合的方法来构建系统的维护决策模型。与传统方法的区别在于,该方法能够更精准地定义维护模型,并获得系统的最优维护间隔,计算效率高,适用于复杂状态系统的可靠性计算。该方法可有效降低传统RCM的维护不足现象,降低运维成本,具有一定的推广应用价值。     

沪昆高铁北盘江特大桥导风栏杆防风效果风洞试验研究

为满足列车在25 m/s风速下以设计速度350 km/h安全通过桥梁,以沪昆高铁北盘江特大桥为工程背景,研发一种桥梁防风装置—导风栏杆。每根导风栏杆由挡风面、导风角、通风孔、加强肋、安装孔构成,挡风面近似为一个扇形结构,上部有导风角,挡风面上部均布通风孔。每根导风栏杆以一定的间距排列,通过螺栓与下部预埋组件相连。通过风洞试验和风-车-桥耦合分析对导风栏杆进行防风效果验证。结果表明:导风栏杆的应用解决了列车在大风情况下的全速安全运行问题,同时提高了列车的乘坐舒适性。导风栏杆兼具挡风、导风、栏杆功能于一体,同时发挥了桥梁防风、行人安全防护的功能。大部分风通过带折角的倾斜导风叶片进行转向,减小了风荷载对导风栏杆的受力,同时减小主梁的受力。     

基于BIM模型的铁路雨棚钢结构健康监测数据模型研究

结构健康监测是保障重大工程结构安全的重要技术,针对铁路站台雨棚钢结构监测过程中出现的站台模型和监测信息数据庞大的问题,提出一种扩展的BIM模型,即在现有的BIM模型信息中以数据信息的唯一标识作为依据,扩展所需的动态监测数据信息,将各类检测数据进行有效整合。首先对系统总体架构进行设计,设计面向钢结构健康监测信息的BIM模型,对系统总体架构合计,再根据扩展的BIM模型和模型数据,应用扩展的BIM模型系统设计,开发了基于BIM模型的监测系统,实现了铁路站台雨棚的有效监测。     

施工企业投标资料库的建立与完善

投标工作是一项时间紧、任务重、不允许出错的工作。若要提高投标文件的编制质量及效率,必须建立一个充分、完善的资料库为编制工作提供参考。此文从商务资料库、技术资料库和报价资料库三方面对资料库的建设与完善做了较为系统的论述,对施工企业的投标管理工作具有一定的参考价值。