硬质河底生态修复方案分析——以友谊河为例

对河流硬质护坡、护底进行生态修复已成为目前我国城市河流生态修复的研究热点、难点之一.以南京市友谊河为例,探讨硬质河底生态修复方式,讨论增氧设备、人工浮床、沉水植物的设计要点,为同类河道生态修复工程提供科学的依据和建议.     

Successful Transplantation of a Fragmenting Coral,Montipora digitata,for Reef Rehabilitation

The scleractinian coral Montipora digitata (Acroporidae) is a common reef flat species that thrives under high levels of light and water turbulence, and propagates successfully by natural fragmentation. It was used for transplantation experiments in an attempt to restore a degraded lagoon environment in the northwestern Philippines. Branches about 5 cm high from a natural population in the lagoon were transplanted to dead coral outcrops or knolls in two locations (Binlab and Malilnep-Ac) with different environmental characteristics. Growth and survival were significantly better at Malilnep Ac, which resembled the natural habitat of the species more closely. Environmental conditions at this site also favored the establishment of a greater diversity of species around the coral transplants. There was no difference in performance between transplants on vertical and horizontal surfaces, and the transplants showed limited differences due to density within the experimental range. Significant survival of detached, transplanted colonies or fragments thereof around the bases of the experimental bommies at the more successful site was an additional positive outcome. Water motion showed significant effects on survival and growth, possibly enhancing the suitability of the more successful site for transplantation. These results demonstrate the potential of coral transplantation to initiate the establishment of natural communities in degraded reef areas, a concern for coastal managers in developing countries.     

SOFT COMPUTING APPROACH FOR NOISY IMAGE RESTORATION

IntroductionSoftcomputing is a consortium of different com-puting tools to deal with real world problems ef-ficiently.The aim of softcomputing is to exploitthe tolerance for imprecision and uncertainty toachieve tractability,robustness and low cost[1] .Neurocomputing is one of the major componentsof soft computing,the other two important con-stituents are fuzzy logic and probabilistic reason-ing,which subsumes belief networks,geneticalgorithms and chaotic systems.Often,to solvea fairly complex…     

荆江河段不同植被生态护坡的水流试验及应用

通过现场勘查、跟踪,分析了荆江河段河漫滩植物群落及植物种类分布,结合实际调查情况选取试验模型植物,开展不同植被对水流结构的影响水槽试验研究。结果表明,植被的存在对岸坡附近水流流速影响明显,增加了水流的阻力,对减轻水流冲刷有较好的防护作用,不同植被高度、不同种植密度对植被根部冲刷具有不同的影响。最后选取周天河段张家榨护岸工程段进行了不同植被生态护坡现场试验,生态效果明显。     

空腹拱桥底座梁裂缝修复及设计改进

针对空腹拱桥底座梁裂缝产生的原因 ,分析归纳、研究了恒载作用下的初始裂缝的产生 ,加载后裂缝的扩展 ,提出修复方案、设计规范改进措施 ,克服设计和前期施工中忽略的问题 .修复裂缝得当 ,价格低廉 ,经济合理 .     

A Football Field Lost Every 45 Minutes: Evaluating Local Capacity to Implement Louisiana's Coastal Master Plan

As Louisiana continues to experience substantial coastal wetland loss—at the rate of a football field every 45 min—and multiple disasters, state and federal officials struggle with implementing restoration plans in this highly productive ecosystem. The 2007 Louisiana Comprehensive Master Plan for a Sustainable Coast is the first large-scale restoration plan in the United States to incorporate hazard mitigation. However, there is no mandate for local governments to adhere to this plan. Building upon the planning quality and evaluation literature, this study analyzes comprehensive land use plans in Louisiana's coastal zone to systematically assess the quality of the plans within the context of a non-mandated, $50 billion large-scale state restoration plan. Results indicate a great disparity in plan quality; a majority of the local governments lack the capacity to implement the nonstructural programmatic elements of the state's plan. The study concludes with a discussion and recommendations for practice and future research.     

喷混植生技术在边坡防护中的试验研究

岩石边坡生态恢复与治理技术是目前高速公路建设中的一个热点问题,由于岩石边坡上缺少植物生长所需要的土壤条件、养分及水分条件,不能直接通过植树种草进行生态恢复,因此岩石边坡的生态恢复与治理问题急待解决。本文重点阐述了平乐至钟山高速公路K139 450～150 575路段的路堑岩石边坡采用喷混植生技术所进行的生态恢复与治理试验情况,并对试验结果进行分析,对试验中产生的问题进行了探讨,提出了完善此项技术需要进一步研究的内容及方向。     

CS高次团粒混合纤维法植被恢复技术的实证分析

随着＂畅通重庆＂工程的深入推进,全市交通基础设施投入不断加大,但是,因公路建设而造成的生态破坏问题也日益突显,如何采取有效措施,减少对公路沿线动植物的干扰,降低对生态环境的破坏,提供舒适安全的行车条件,越来越受到人们的重视和社会的关注。论文介绍了应用＂CS高次团粒混合纤维法植被恢复技术＂通过人工的方式诱导,采取＂植物＋工程＂一体化防护模式,使公路边坡治理达到了景观效果好、生态效果好、安全效果好、社会效果好的＂四好＂目标。     

山岭隧道震害调查及修复技术研究

“5·12”汶川地震对都汶公路多座隧道造成了较为严重的破坏。通过对都汶路、绕坝路等15座隧道震后调查、资料收集与分析,提出了隧道震后各种修复措施并分析了其使用效果。浅析了山岭隧道的抗减震原则和措施,对此进行了相应的总结。总体而言隧道震后修复措施起到了良好的效果,对救灾和灾后重建工作起到了积极的作用;同时隧道应从规划、设计阶段采取合理的抗减震措施。     

地下连续墙接头形式及其在上海四号线修复工程中的应用

针对目前国内常用的地下连续墙接头形式及国外新型地下连续墙NS BOX钢制地下连续墙工法作了介绍。结合上海轨道交通四号线修复工程,介绍了该工程中地下连续墙接头的施工难点、地下连续墙接头比选过程以及相应的技术保证措施,通过对该工程的实际应用以及检验,证明了采用十字钢板接头形式在软土地区超深地下连续墙施工中的可行性。