机载相控阵雷达战术性能飞行检验的相关理论

介绍了机载相控阵雷达的主要工作方式，分析了机载相控阵雷达战术性能飞行验证的参数，讨论了机载相控阵雷达战术性能飞行检验的统计科目和统计方法，对机载相控阵雷达战术性能飞行检验中的数据处理进行了简要的探讨，为飞行试验方案的设计和相关标准的建立打下基础。     

Potential of low viscosity oils to reduce CO2 emissions and fuel consumption of urban buses fleets

This paper shows the results of a comparative fleet test the main objective of which was to measure the influence of Low Viscosity Oils (LVO) over the fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions of urban buses. To perform this test, 39 urban buses, classified into candidate and reference groups depending on the engine oil viscosity, covered a 60,000 km mileage corresponding to two rounds of standard Oil Drain Interval (ODI). In the same way, for 9 buses of the 39 buses, the effect of differential LVO over fuel consumption and their interaction with engine LVO was assessed during the second ODI.Test results confirm that the use of LVO could reduce fuel consumption, hence CO₂ emissions. However, special attention should be taken prior to its implementation in a fleet, particularly if the vehicles are powered by engines with high mechanical and thermal stresses during vehicle operation because this could lead to friction loss increase, loss of the potential fuel consumption reduction of LVO and, in the worst scenario, higher rates of engine wear.     

扣件DI弹条非正常部位断裂原因分析及结构优化

通过对DI弹条非正常部位断裂的研究,发现扣件安装时弹条与铁垫板安装孔发生接触,致使弹条在中肢与尾部圆弧过渡区域产生应力集中,发生早期疲劳断裂。本文在研究弹条结构及安装方式的基础上,在弹条的中肢与尾部圆弧过渡区域引入"凹面"结构,对弹条进行结构优化,并通过扣压力和疲劳性能检测、实验室疲劳断裂检验、现场试铺检验等对带有优化"凹面"结构的DI弹条性能进行检测。结果表明:优化后的弹条扣压力和疲劳性能均合格,且能有效抑制因接触产生的非正常部位断裂,提高弹条性能。     

Numerical modelling of hydrodynamic responses of Ocean Farm 1 in waves and current and validation against model test measurements

With the continuous growing of the aquaculture industry and increasingly limited fish farming sites at close to shore areas both in Norway and worldwide, there is a need to develop fish farms suitable for aquaculture production in typical offshore environments. For this purpose, SALMAR has developed and deployed the Ocean Farm 1 facility for offshore fish farming.The main purpose of this paper is to develop a reliable numerical model and investigate the motion responses of the Ocean Farm 1 structure in waves and current. The established numerical model consists of the Ocean Farm 1's frame structure (with rigidly-connected circular column components), the net and the mooring system. The hydrodynamic external loads and coefficients of the frame structure are obtained by using potential flow theory. The quadratic drag load on the individual circular columns of the frame structure is formulated by a given drag coefficient. The loads on the net are formulated by using the screen model, where the Reynold number dependent lift and drag forces are formulated as a function of the solidity ratio Sn of the net, relative inflow angle and velocity. The hydrodynamic loads on the mooring lines are formulated using the Morison's equation and the structural responses of the mooring lines are obtained using a nonlinear FE model.With the developed numerical model, time domain simulations are performed. The simulation results are firstly validated against measured data from the decay tests, current tests, and regular wave tests. After the validation, numerical simulations are performed in different irregular wave and current combined weather conditions and the obtained motion response of Ocean Farm 1 are discussed and compared with available measurement data.     

双弧型横向钢阻尼装置试验研究与应用分析

以商合杭客运专线颍上特大桥为工程背景,对双弧型横向钢阻尼装置的应用性能进行了试验研究.结果表明:双弧型横向钢阻尼装置具有较好的滞回特性,应用双弧型横向钢阻尼装置可以降低桥梁横桥向1阶频率,减小桥梁横向地震力,提高桥梁的抗震性能,但并未改变桥梁的振型特征.     

Experimental study on seismic vibration control of an offshore wind turbine with TMD considering soil liquefaction effect

Wind energy is clean and sustainable. Taiwan is establishing offshore wind farms using wind turbines in the Taiwan Strait. However, these are located in an earthquake-prone area with sandy seabed conditions. To ensure their safety and reliability, the turbines’ support structure must be protected against wind, waves, and seismic loads. Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are commonly employed to reduce structural vibrations. A TMD is more simply incorporated into turbine structures than are other energy dissipation devices. In this study, a 1:25-scale test model with a TMD was constructed and subjected to shaking table tests to experimentally simulate the dynamic behavior of a typical 5-MW wind turbine with a jacket-type support structure and pile foundation. The scaled-down wind turbine model has a nacelle without rotating blades; therefore, the aerodynamic and rotational effects due to the rotating blades were ignored in this study. A large laminar shear box filled with saturated sandy ground was used to simulate the typical seabed conditions of Taiwanese offshore wind farms. The TMD system was designed to be tuned the first-mode frequency of the test model. Two ground accelerations, selected by considering wind farm site condition and near-fault characteristics, were used for excitation in the test. The responses of the test model with and without the TMD system were compared, and the influence of soil liquefaction on the effectiveness of TMD vibration control was addressed.     

柴油机增压器包覆层隔声性能试验分析及优化设计

提出一种船用增压器的包覆层结构,其内层为绝热材料和吸声材料,外层为金属薄片。采用统计能量法(SEA)建立该结构的中高频段隔声数值模型,开展包覆层的隔声试验,隔声量实测值与仿真结果吻合较好,能验证数值建模的有效性。对包覆层的吸声材料的厚度、密度和流阻等参数进行优化设计,利用正交试验法设计数值试验组,采用极差和方差分析法分析影响材料隔声性能的关键因素,得出最重要的影响因素是材料厚度,在选型设计中还应考虑密度和流阻因素。当安装厚度受限时,可通过改变密度和流阻值来提高材料的隔声量。     

盾构隧道管片接头缩尺试验模拟方法

由于盾构隧道管片接头刚度影响因素繁多复杂，使得缩尺模型管片接头制作困难、模拟效果较差。为此，提出一种采用特制弹簧与预埋螺栓共同工作的管片接头模拟方法来模拟原型管片接头，并分别对该方法设计的模型管片接头以及原型管片螺栓连接接头的轴向、剪切及弯曲刚度进行计算分析。通过对比分析可以得出设计管片模型接头与原型管片螺栓连接接头的等效条件，在满足上述等效条件的情况下，经相似关系换算可认为缩尺模型管片接头刚度与原型管片接头刚度满足试验设定的相似关系。最后，采用堆载试验对模型管片进行可行性验证。经理论分析及模型试验表明： 提出的盾构隧道管片接头缩尺试验模拟方法可使模型接头刚度等效于原型管片接头，能较为全面地满足模拟原型管片的要求。     

中国乘用车工况构建

依托“中国工况”项目，对我国乘用车行驶工况进行深入研究. 在全国41 个城市采集乘用车共计1 600 万km的行驶数据，收集各城市交通量大数据用于权重因子开发；利用权重因子对采集数据进行加权，获取代表我国驾驶特征的、统一的速度-加速度分布，以其为基准，使用卡方检验选择最优短片段组合作为我国乘用车行驶工况(CLTC). 对比CLTC工况特征与其他典型工况及实测数据GIS加权结果，CLTC工况更符合我国实际.     

单叶片螺旋钢桩竖向承载特性数值分析

为分析单叶片螺旋钢桩在砂土地层竖向抗压承载特征,结合单叶片螺旋钢桩现场静载试验进行有限元软件模拟。将数值计算结果与现场实测数据进行对比分析,验证其数值计算结果的可靠性,其次采用该有限元软件分别模拟不同相对密实度砂土中几何参数不同的单叶片螺旋钢桩静载试验而得到不同荷载-位移曲线,同时将螺旋叶片直径的5%位移值对应荷载作为桩极限承载力。考虑砂土相对密实度,钢桩埋深,螺旋叶片直径,中心钢轴4个参数变化对单叶片螺旋钢桩极限承载力影响。结果表明:单叶片螺旋钢桩桩周土层的相对密实度和桩埋深是影响承载力的主要参数,螺旋钢桩叶片直径影响次之,钢轴直径的影响最小;同时,单叶片螺旋钢桩极限承载力增量百分比在松砂中最大,中密砂次之,密砂最小。