车站通过能力计算中的数据处理方法

采集完备而合理的原始数据是计算车站通过能力的基础。为解决客观环境及人为因素造成采集数据失真和影响可靠性的问题,一方面运用灰色系统理论中的弱化缓冲原理进行数据预处理,即从原始数据序列中提取出显著偏离序列的数据元素,采用二阶缓冲数据处理方法进行数据弱化,并将预处理后的数据对应替代原始数据序列中被提取的数据;另一方面,运用数理统计方法推导占用时间标准计算公式中的权重系数,以权重系数替代传统公式中的简单算术平均数。给出数据预处理方法和确定权重系数的具体步骤,并以重庆站成都方向至到发场第2股道的接车作业占用咽喉时间实际数据处理为例,验证了所给出方法可有效减轻随机扰动对原始数据采集的不利影响,使设备占用时间标准的确定更加合理。     

城市轨道交通最新技术及评定

文章对城市轨道交通系统进行分类、并对其最新发展和商业化运营趋势及其所用的安全评定方法进行了论述.     

铁路噪声预测计算方法

根据声学基本理论和有关有限长运动线声源指向性、等效时间等声学特性研究成果,结合铁路噪声的特点,总结了比例法和模式法两种主要的噪声预测方法,并给出了相应的计算公式,可供铁路建设项目环境影响评价中预测铁路噪声时参考。     

高原机车乘务员心理健康状况和个性

采用症状自评量表(SCL90)和艾森克个性问卷(EPQ)对西宁和格尔木机务段的403名机车乘务员心理健康状况和个性进行了研究,提出高原机车乘务员应具备的心理健康状况是:因子分不能超过10%,阳性症状的总分不能>160分,或阳性项目数不能>43项,或任一因子分不能≥3;高原机车乘务员的个性应首先考虑内向稳定的人,其次考虑外向稳定的人和中间型的人,而内、外向不稳定的人则不能担任高原机车乘务员。     

海员胜任力结构及其评价标准初步研究

对129名海员进行了5项6个心理指标的测试。通过专家咨询法确定海员胜任力检测指标体系的权重系数，构建了海员胜任力特征结构模型与综合评价模型。提出了40岁以下和以上年龄海员的胜任力评价标准。     

Extensive study on the design loads used for strength assessment of tanker and bulk carrier structures

ClassNK has undertaken wide-ranging basic research covering many aspects related to the safety of ship structures, including design loads, structural analysis, strength assessment of buckling, collapse, and fatigue, and rational corrosion margins to develop new design standards which have transparency and consistency. Among the wide-ranging basic research, this article summarizes the results of extensive work on the design loads used for strength assessments of tanker and bulk carrier structures. The main aim of the research was to develop practical estimation methods of design loads with rational technical backgrounds relating to the actual loads acting on the primary structural members of tankers and bulk carriers. During this study, we proposed the following methodology. Design sea states that closely resemble the actual sea states which are considered to be the most severe for hull structures. Find practical estimation methods for the design sea states by parametric studies using the results of series calculations on representative tankers and bulk carriers. Find practical estimation methods for design regular waves which will result in the same level of stresses as those induced in irregular waves under the design sea states. We also briefly introduced some practical estimation methods for the design loads, such as ship motions, accelerations, hull-girder bending moments, and hydrodynamic pressures that are induced under design regular waves. The findings in this study have been summarized and implemented in the new design standards for tanker and bulk carrier structures.Updated from the Japanese original which won the 2003 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2002; 191:195–207; 2002; 191:208–220; and 2002; 192:723–733)     

关于城市高架桥梁装配率核算方法的探讨

装配式建筑工程的评价标准相对比较完善,而装配式桥梁工程暂无正式颁布的评价标准,桥梁工程的评价体系与建筑工程存在较大的区别,不能直接套用。基于现桥梁工程装配率计算的研究成果,分别对评价指标的选择与权重系数的选取进行了系统研究,得到了推荐的城市高架桥梁装配率核算公式;通过对无锡多个桥梁工程装配率的计算,提出了装配式桥梁的评判标准。本文通过对城市高架桥梁装配率核算方法的研究,以期促进桥梁装配式的进一步推广利用。     

绩效考核——员工激励的“双刃剑”

从员工绩效考核的观念认识、指标设计、结果控制和基础工作等方面,分析了目前国内组织开展员工绩效考核存在的主要问题和效果不佳的原因,论述了开展员工绩效考核的意义、作用、方法和原因,对组织开展员工绩效考核具有一定的指导意义。     

Aspects of the stability of jack-up spud-can foundations

A three-level procedure for assessing jack-up foundation stability for more or less homogenous soils is described. The objective is to provide a rational framework for these assessments that ensures their safe operation in extended year-round operations and enables their use in deeper waters than at present.

The three levels of the procedure have to be entered successively as long as foundation stability cannot be proven. The first level is a screening exercise and essentially replaces the well-known preload check. The second level compares factored foundation loads resulting from a structural analysis with foundation capacities obtained with ultimate bearing capacity formulae. The most refined third level assesses whether the displacements associated with these loads lead to an acceptable situation, i.e. capacity increase and/or load redistribution that does not result in collapse of the jack-up unit.

Since, for maximum benefit, this third-stage analysis requires a non-linear foundation model to be linked with the structural package used: such a tool is provided in the paper. Examples are given to demonstrate the impact of the assessment procedure.

This procedure forms part of the overall in-house approach to the assessment of jack-ups and has already been offered to the jack-up industry as part of the continuing efforts towards establishing common and accepted standards for jack-up assessments. Further developments have been identified and will be pursued.     

Experimental Investigation of the Effect of Bow Profiles on Resistance of an Underwater Vehicle in Free Surface Motion

In this paper, towing tank experiments are conducted to study the behavior of flow on a model of the underwater vehicle with various shapes of bows, i.e. tango and standard bows in free surface motion ...