Sensitivity analysis of side-slip angle observer based on a tire model

We investigated the sensitivity of an observer based on a tire model using simulation in linear and nonlinear regions. In the linear region, we investigated the influence of vehicle speed by doing the same simulation at three speed levels. In the nonlinear region, the simulation condition was set such that the vehicle became unstable. In the linear region, steering input and cornering stiffness have a relatively large effect on the estimation error because these quantities determine tire side force. In the nonlinear region, the road surface's friction coefficient becomes a crucial factor. In both the regions, the observer is sensitive to yaw rate and longitudinal speed.     

Sideslip angle estimation based on input–output linearisation with tire–road friction adaptation

An adaptive sideslip angle observer considering tire–road friction adaptation is proposed in this paper. The single-track vehicle model with nonlinear tire characteristics is adopted. The tire parameters can be easily obtained through road test data without using special test rigs. Afterwards, this model is reconstructed and a high-gain observer (HGO) based on input–output linearisation is derived. The observer stability is analysed. Experimental results have confirmed that the HGO has a better computational efficiency with the same accuracy when compared with the extended Kalman filter and the Luenberger observer. Finally, a road friction adaptive algorithm based on vehicle lateral dynamics is proposed and validated through driving simulator data. As long as the tires work in the nonlinear region, the maximal friction coefficient could be estimated. This algorithm has excellent portability and is also suitable for other observers.     

基于奇异值分解强跟踪滤波的机车黏着系数估计

提出一种基于奇异值分解的改进强跟踪滤波算法,并将其用于机车黏着系数的在线估计。针对传统的强跟踪滤波算法由于引入了渐消矩阵,在递推更新预测误差方差阵时变成不对称,可能导致滤波发散的现象,研究了基于奇异值分解的更新算法,保证其收敛性。利用改进算法在线估计机车运行过程中的干扰转矩,进而估计黏着系数。仿真试验表明,该方法能有效在线估计机车黏着系数并具有较好的鲁棒性。     

基于相位差变化率的机载无源定位研究

单站无源定位的核心难点是如何实现无源测距问题。利用目标角度和角度变化率信息对观测站和目标间的距离进行解算,通过定位误差的几何分布（GDOP）对单次定位的距离测量精度进行了仿真分析。由于观测器在运动过程中对固定辐射源目标进行无源测距的精度不高,用卡尔曼滤波对多次定位进行了滤波处理。通过单次和多次定位精度的仿真验证了该方法是一种高精度的定位方法。     

异步电机磁链观测技术的研究

本文针对异步电机矢量控制的磁链观测技术进行了分析,给出了几种磁链观测的方法,并进行比较.实验结果证明其有效性.     

基于扩张状态观测器的小水线面双体船终端滑模控制

针对小水线面双体(SWATH)船运动控制问题,设计了带有扩张状态观测器(Extended State Observer, ESO)的终端滑模控制器。首先,针对SWATH船在随机海浪作用下的运动问题,建立了带有系统复合扰动的非线性运动模型;进而,考虑到系统存在的参数摄动和海浪扰动的复杂性、随机性,将系统分为内环观测器和外环控制器分别设计;利用一个线性ESO对系统的复合扰动进行估计,并在外环终端滑模控制器中进行补偿;最后,利用Lyapunov理论得到了系统的渐进稳定结论。仿真结果表明,带有ESO的终端滑模控制方法能够有效实现SWATH船的运动控制,线性ESO能够准确估计出系统的复合扰动,且终端滑模控制器能够使系统状态快速收敛。     

带有干扰观测器的欠驱动船舶路径跟踪非线性模型预测控制

针对欠驱动船舶提出了一种非线性路径跟踪控制器,使其能够在风、浪、流等环境干扰下驶入预定的航行路径.欠驱动船舶以恒定前进速度航行,并且其合速度与参考轨迹相切.该控制器的设计使用了解析模型预测控制和干扰观测器技术,其中非线性观测器用来估计环境干扰.在最优路径跟踪控制器的作用下,路径跟踪误差渐近收敛到零.数值仿真结果验证了该控制器的有效性.     

基于非线性补偿的电子节气门滑模控制

电子节气门是典型的非线性机构,应用普通滑模控制算法时具有明显的抖振现象,故提出了基于非线性补偿的电子节气门滑模控制。通过设计观测器来观测并补偿电子节气门系统中的非线性因素,从而减小滑模切换项的增益,达到降低切换频率的目的;使用李雅普诺夫方法分析了系统的稳定性。仿真和试验结果表明,该算法能有效地降低系统抖振,满足控制要求。     

无速度传感器感应电机自适应观测器的稳定性分析与设计

分析了感应电机低速发电工况下现有采用极点配置的自适应观测器存在不稳定区域的原因,得出了自适应观测器在全速范围内稳定的条件.在此基础上提出一种改进的速度自适应律和观测器增益矩阵选取方案.应用Lyapunov稳定性理论,得到基于自适应观测器的速度辨识自适应律;观测器的增益矩阵通过求解2 个双线性矩阵不等式得到.在MATLAB/SIMULINK环境下,对基于自适应观测器的无速度传感器感应电机直接转矩控制进行了仿真.仿真结果表明,本文给出的自适应观测器在全速范围内具有良好的稳态和动态性能,并具有很好的鲁棒性.