Size effect on residual stress in low transformation temperature welded joints

It has been reported that low transformation temperature (LTT) weld metals are beneficial to generation of compressive residual stress around weld zone. In this study, the relationship among residual stress, size effect of LTT welded joints with different plate width and thickness as well as martensite start (Ms) temperatures was investigated by experimental and finite-element analysis. It was found that heat dissipation and thermal expansion coefficient of LTT weld metal had a significant impact on residual stress. Welded joint with a small plate width led to greater compressive residual stresses in the LTT weld, which was due to the lower heat dissipation and smaller thermal expansion coefficient of the LTT weld metal in due course of cooling process. Additionally, the finite-element analysis revealed that increasing plate width mainly affected the longitudinal residual stress, while increasing the plate thickness influenced all the residual stress components in the LTT weld. Furthermore, the LTT weld with a lower Ms temperature of 191 °C resulted in greater compressive residual stresses, and was less sensitive to the LTT joint size, as against the Ms temperature of 398 °C.     

ABAQUS–OlaFlow integrated numerical model for fluid–seabed–structure interaction

In this study, a new one-way integrated numerical model for fluid–seabed–structure interaction is established by integrating the finite element software, ABAQUS, and the open-source fluid dynamics package, OlaFlow. In this new model, the generation and propagation of ocean waves as well as the seepage flow in a porous medium are controlled by OlaFlow; concurrently, the wave-induced dynamic responses of a porous seabed and marine structures are governed by ABAQUS. The reliability of this new model is validated by an analytical solution and a series of wave flume tests. The comparison results show that the new established model has high reliability and feasibility. Finally, this new integrated model is utilized for investigating the wave-induced dynamics of a composite breakwater and its seabed foundation as well as to evaluate the residual horizontal sliding displacement of the caisson of this composite breakwater under wave impact. Because this new integrated numerical model can fully utilize the advantages of both ABAQUS and OlaFlow, it is expected to have broad prospects for application in engineering practice.     

桶形直立结构护岸抗滑稳定计算方法的研究

本文对依托工程已取得研究结果的衔接段原位观测数据和离心模型试验研究进行分析,在此基础上初步建立了桶形直立结构护岸的抗滑稳定计算方法。     

驾驶压力影响因素与识别方法研究综述

高强度的驾驶压力会对驾驶人的情绪、决策及行为产生负面影响，可能导致交通事故，并对驾驶人的健康状况造成长期影响。本文借助CiteSpace软件对驾驶压力研究进行可视化分析，进一步从驾驶人自身因素、车辆内部和外部因素这3方面总结驾驶压力影响因素，并归纳整理驾驶压力识别方法。总结发现：交通拥堵、道路复杂性及新技术使用等驾驶环境因素是引发或增加驾驶压力的主要因素；非职业驾驶人易受车辆外部环境的影响，职业驾驶人易因工作产生负面情绪，导致驾驶压力增加。驾驶压力识别主要基于主观测评量表、驾驶行为分析及生理数据分析等方法开展研究，其中，基于生理数据的识别方法因其较高的识别精度和准确度被认为在驾驶压力识别领域具有明显的优势。从研究趋势来看，未来研究需重视社会环境以及多因素叠加对驾驶压力的影响，特别关注职业驾驶人及新技术的影响，以及如何采用多模态数据融合方法实现实时监测，以提高驾驶压力识别的精度。     

钢管混凝土桁架Y型管节点热点应力研究

为研究主管支撑条件及支管与主管夹角对钢管混凝土桁架(CFST)Y型管节点热点应力分布的影响,利用ANSYS采用20节点实体单元,考虑相贯线焊缝建立Y型管节点空间有限元模型,计算分析在一端固定,一端铰接、两端固定、两端铰接3种边界条件下,支管不同角度变化时(20°, 40°, 60°, 80°, 90°),支管轴压作用下主管和支管焊趾处,热点应力集中系数沿相贯线焊缝分布情况。有限元分析结果与已有试验结果进行对比,验证模型的可靠性。研究结果表明:相同约束条件下,随支管角度增大,主管和支管沿焊缝的热点应力集中系数表现为增大,主管热点应力集中系数最大值始终发生在冠点,支管热点应力集中系数最大值由冠点向鞍点移动;同一角度时,随着主管两端约束的加强,主,支管热点应力集中系数分布有所减小,主管鞍点附近受约束条件影响很小。由于局部和整体的刚度同时影响SCF,可以考虑改变节点形式或者减少计算长度、加强固端约束达到降低SCF的目的。     

Three-dimensional equivalent static analysis for design of submerged floating tunnel

Stress evaluation of a submerged floating tunnel (SFT) is an issue important for determining the section dimensions required to resist environmental loads. However, the complex interaction between an SFT and surrounding fluid has confined most research on SFTs to longitudinal global time-history analyses based on Morison's equation [1]. Even though these analyses give sufficient information in the longitudinal direction, too little information about the circumferential direction compels an SFT section to be designed conservatively. This means that SFT design requires additional information on the structural behavior of the tunnel in the circumferential direction for efficient design. Accordingly, a supplementary approach by which to obtain structural responses in the circumferential direction is introduced in this paper. Upon consideration of the static responses equivalent to the dynamic behavior, three-dimensional (3-D) finite-element analyses of an SFT were performed by application of static loads corresponding to dynamic loads equivalent to those of wave, current and earthquake. The validation of each equivalent static load was supported by the results from comparison of the tension forces in mooring lines obtained using OrcaFlex [2] and ABAQUS [3]. These were used mainly for longitudinal dynamic analysis and 3-D stress evaluation, respectively, of an SFT. Based on the stresses obtained in the longitudinal and circumferential directions, the selection of suitable section dimensions for an SFT is considered.     

系杆拱桥吊杆张拉方案优化试验研究

以兰新二线新疆乌鲁木齐河特大桥1跨128 m系杆拱桥为背景,建立室内1/16缩尺模型,参照等跨径的3座系杆拱桥索力张拉力进行系杆拱桥吊杆索力张拉试验。设计了4种张拉方案分析系杆拱桥张拉过程中索力变化规律及拆除支架后系梁的应力分布和线形变化情况,推荐了整体受力合理的张拉方案。吊杆在张拉过程中表现出明显的应力重分布,且应力重分布规律呈非线性变化。试验中最先张拉的5#,13#吊杆索力受到的影响最大。拆除支架后系梁变形呈抛物线状,吊杆索力、系梁挠度和系梁应力均增大。     

关于构件吊耳板设计的探讨

指出现行港口工程规范关于吊耳板设计公式的不足,通过力学分析,找出关键所在,并给出解决方案。     

EQ6100发动机曲轴旋转惯性力平衡对缸体应力的影响

本文全面研究了EQ6100发动机气缸体在汽车使用中发生裂纹的问题,以及对此展开的各项实验研究结果,得出理论与实验互相印证的结论,即曲轴旋转惯性力引起的曲轴内弯矩对缸体应力影响最大。加平衡块之后,可以有效解决缸体裂纹问题。     

环加强T型管柱接头应力分析

本文运用有限元方法对海洋石油钻井平台中采用内圆环加强的 T 型管柱接头进行了系列计算和分析。研究了各种载荷工况下不同加强形式的内圆环对降低热点应力的效果和规律,并提出了以加强圆环、主管壳板及支管壳板三者之间的相对刚度系数 K 为参数的计算单圆环加强的 T 型管柱接头热点应力集中系数的方法。