船舶结构极限强度可靠性分析方法研究

针对船舶总纵极限强度极限状态方程不能以显式表达的实际情况，提出采用响应面与映射变换相结合的方法展开船舶总纵强度可靠性分析，指出相关随机变量在正态化前后相关系数的差异应予以考虑，并应用于实际船舶的计算，验证了理论的合理性。     

模糊C-均值聚类算法及其在船舶故障诊断中的应用

船舶设备故障的早期诊断和预测,对船舶的安全运行具有非常重要的意义。由于船舶设备繁多,运行环境特殊,各种设备的故障症状与故障原因之间的关系十分复杂,致使传统诊断方法在实际应用中效果不理想。因此,研究采用模糊C-均值聚类算法来实现船舶故障的诊断乃是非常必要的。将被诊断对象间故障和症状的特征通过建立模糊关系矩阵进行故障分类,用当前所得的故障征兆群与过去该设备故障征兆结果相对照,找出最相似的结果,从而确定其故障。通过船舶主机轴系诊断的实例,证明了该方法的有效性。     

裂纹损伤对典型船体结构振动频率的影响规律研究

为研究裂纹损伤对典型船体结构振动特性的影响,选择加筋板作为典型船体结构,选择穿透性裂纹作为典型损伤形式。首先利用数值仿真和模型试验对带有裂纹的结构模型固有频率计算方法进行了研究,在此基础上针对边裂纹和中间裂纹2种形式进行了大量的仿真计算,得到模型各阶固有频率、频率变化率随裂纹位置和长度变化的规律。研究结果表明,结构各阶固有频率以及频率变化率对裂纹较为敏感,可以作为裂纹识别的特征参数。同时,试验和仿真计算结果数据也可以为裂纹损伤识别研究提供训练样本和验证样本。     

潜艇耐压船体破坏载荷预测的一种新方法

本文提出了用灰色系统理论预测破坏载荷的计算方法,并通过新的高强度钢材环肋圆锥壳的球壳模型实验验证了该方法的正确性,建议今后在模型实验和现役潜艇的耐压船体寿命估算中采用这种方法。     

A simple formulation for predicting the ultimate strength of ships

The aim of this study is to derive a simple analytical formula for predicting the ultimate collapse strength of a single- and double-hull ship under a vertical bending moment, and also to characterize the accuracy and applicability for earlier approximate formulations. It is known that a ship hull will reach the overall collapse state if both collapse of the compression flange and yielding of the tension flange occur. Side shells in the vicinity of the compression and the tension flanges will often fail also, but the material around the final neutral axis will remain in the elastic state. Based on this observation, a credible distribution of longitudinal stresses around the hull section at the overall collapse state is assumed, and an explicit analytical equation for calculating the hull ultimate strength is obtained. A comparison between the derived formula and existing expressions is made for largescale box girder models, a one-third-scale frigate hull model, and full-scale ship hulls.List of symbols A _B total sectional area of outer bottom - A _B total sectional area of inner bottom - A _D total sectional area of deck - A _S half-sectional area of all sides (including longitudinal bulkheads and inner sides) - a _s sectional area of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating - b breadth of plate between longitudinal stiffeners - D hull depth - D _B height of double bottom - E Young's modulus - g neutral axis position above the base line in the sagging condition or below the deck in the hogging condition - H depth of hull section in linear elastic state - I _s moment of inertia of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating - l length of a longitudinal stiffener between transverse beams - M _E elastic bending moment - M _p fully plastic bending moment of hull section - M _u ultimate bending moment capacity of hull section - M _uh ,M _us ultimate bending moment in hogging or sagging conditions - r radius of gyration of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating [=(I _s /a _s )^1/2] - t plate thickness - Z elastic section modulus at the compression flange - Z _B ,Z _D elastic section modulus at bottom or deck - slenderness ratio of plate between stiffeners [= (b/t)(_y/E)^1/2] - slenderness ratio of a longitudinal stiffener with effective plating [=(l/r)(_y/E)^1/2] - _y yield strength of the material - _yB , _yB , _yD yield strength of outer bottom, inner bottom - _yS deck, or side - _u ultimate buckling strength of the compression flange - _uB , _uB , _uD ultimate buckling strength of outer bottom - _uS inner bottom, deck, or side     

基于生长算法构建Delaunay三角网的研究

提出了一种基于凸包构建Delaunay三角网的算法,它包括离散点数据的三角剖分及将约束边嵌入三角网。在对离散点数据进行三角剖分时,首先建立一个外轮廓为凸包的初始三角网,然后将剩余的点依次与既有三角网合并来生成包含所有数据点的三角网。为了将约束边嵌入三角网,找出约束边穿过的三角形,删除这些三角形并用约束边将这些三角形所围成的多边形分成两个简单多边形,再对这两个简单多边形进行Delaunay三角网剖分即可达到嵌入约束边的目的。     

Simulation on progressive collapse behaviour of whole ship model under extreme waves using idealized structural unit method

To ensure the safety of navigating ship, working loads and structural load-carrying capacity are two important aspects. In the present paper, a total simulation system combing load calculation and structural collapse analysis is applied to simulate progressive collapse behaviour of a single-hull Kamsarmax type bulk carrier. A three dimensional singularity distribution method is adopted to calculate pressure distribution with time history. A mixed structural model, collapse part simulated by ISUM elements and remaining part by elastic FEM elements with relative coarse mesh, is proposed for collapse analysis. Progressive collapse behaviour obtained by ISUM is good agreement with that by nonlinear software package, MARC. However, the calculation time of ISUM analysis is about 1/70 of MARC analysis. The applicability to structure system, high accuracy and sufficient efficiency of ISUM had been demonstrated.     

基于NFFD 算法的船体几何变形技术

本文以非均匀有理B样条基函数作为参数体属性,并结合非均匀控制点网格,建立了适用于船体几何的NFFD变形技术。重点阐述了NFFD方法的基本原理和变形规则,并以矩阵表示方法为基础构建了数学模型。研究了控制点数量和分布对变形结果的影响,增加了控制点变形几何的能力并获得了更大的设计空间。最后,以某CNG运输船为例完成了球鼻艏、船艏和船艉部分几何的自动变形。本文的工作为船型优化提供了良好的变形工具。     

FLNG总体设计关键技术研究

阐述了集天然气预处理、液化、储存、外输为一体的新型海上浮式装置FLNG总体设计中的几项关键技术。提出控制船体运动性能的重要性,从主尺度选择、线型设计和典型配载工况等方面入手进行分析,确定250,000m3 FLNG船体主尺度,以确保上部生产系统高效率的正常作业。针对LNG货物围护系统,提出薄膜型(双排舱)和SPB独立舱型两种货物围护系统方案,并从上部模块支墩设置和隔离舱加热等方面对这两个方案进行比较。论述FLNG冷却海水供应系统的特点及其与常规海底门取水方法的不同之处,提出舷外海水提升泵取水的可行方案。     

基于参数化船型的阻力优化研究

船型几何模型的参数化表达,是船型多学科设计优化的基础。其作用是为各学科分析和优化提供一个统一的几何模型,并根据各学科分析结果自动修改调整船体型线。文中尝试使用Friendship进行船体完全参数化建模,并使用该软件中的feature编程功能编程实现shipflow型值数据的提取;通过改变一系列重要的船型参数实现变换船型几何模型,以获得满足性能需求的船型。最后利用该软件的优化框架,采用切线搜索法 (Tangent Search, TSearch) 完成1300TEU集装箱船的兴波阻力优化,优化球首和前体船体曲面。结果表明,该参数化方法在改进船型水动力性能方面有很好的效果。