Semi-submersible wind turbine hull shape design for a favorable system response behavior

Floating offshore wind turbines are a novel technology, which has reached, with the first wind farm in operation, an advanced state of development. The question of how floating wind systems can be optimized to operate smoothly in harsh wind and wave conditions is the subject of the present work. An integrated optimization was conducted, where the hull shape of a semi-submersible, as well as the wind turbine controller were varied with the goal of finding a cost-efficient design, which does not respond to wind and wave excitations, resulting in small structural fatigue and extreme loads.The optimum design was found to have a remarkably low tower-base fatigue load response and small rotor fore-aft amplitudes. Further investigations showed that the reason for the good dynamic behavior is a particularly favorable response to first-order wave loads: The floating wind turbine rotates in pitch-direction about a point close to the rotor hub and the rotor fore-aft motion is almost unaffected by the wave excitation. As a result, the power production and the blade loads are not influenced by the waves. A comparable effect was so far known for Tension Leg Platforms but not for semi-submersible wind turbines. The methodology builds on a low-order simulation model, coupled to a parametric panel code model, a detailed viscous drag model and an individually tuned blade pitch controller. The results are confirmed by the higher-fidelity model FAST. A new indicator to express the optimal behavior through a single design criterion has been developed.     

风力发电机组远程监控及风场风机管理软件的开发

为使风电机组可靠运行、高效发电及便于管理,开发了风机远程控制及风电场管理软件。该软件采用WINDOWS操作系统下的VC++加后台关系数据库、C/S(客户端\服务器)体系结构、多线程数据联系方式,界面友好,使用方便,现场运行可靠。文章描述了该软件数据库中风机特性表和数据处理表,介绍了其数据通信及处理模块等主要模块及部分关键技术。     

高原用兆瓦级风电机组电气系统的改进设计

分析了高原气候对兆瓦级风力发电机组电气系统的影响,以WT1650型变速恒频双馈异步风力发电机组(1.65 MW)为例,提出了该风电机组在海拔4 000 m环境条件下运行的解决方案,并对其电气系统做了改进设计,整个改进方案对常规风电机组在高原环境下运行有良好的指导作用。     

Strain estimation for offshore wind turbines with jacket substructures using dual-band modal expansion

Structural fatigue is a design driver for offshore wind turbines (OWT). In particular, the substructures, like jackets, are strongly affected by fatigue. Monitoring the fatigue progression in the welds is vital for the maintenance and a potential lifetime extension. However, inspections of critical locations are costly due to the limited accessibility of the mostly submerged jacket. Considering the high number of potentially critical welds, it is regarded as economically unfeasible to equip all fatigue hot spots with sensors. Thus, an indirect method to monitor the fatigue progress of the structure and point out critical locations is desirable. For a consistent support of ongoing maintenance, it has to yield reliable results for varying operational and environmental conditions. This paper applies a virtual sensing approach to jacket substructures. From a small set of sensors on the tower, fatigue at every desired location of the jacket is estimated using dual-band modal expansion. Simulations using the OC4 jacket design are performed to show potentials and limitations of the method. Namely fatigue progress on leg welds of K-joints is predicted with high accuracy over a wide range of load cases. However, some difficulties in fatigue prediction of X-joints due to the occurrence of local modes and limitations in the extrapolation of wave loading have to be resolved in future work.     

舰用燃气轮机RMS参数体系研究

根据舰用燃气轮机的任务需求和使用环境特点,综合RMS参数体系需要考虑的因素,按定量参数和定性要求,提出了舰用燃气轮机RMS参数体系,并给出了定量参数的含义以及计算公式.     

汽轮发电机异常振动原因分析

汽轮发电机的异常振动是发电厂最为常见故障。分析由于汽轮发电机转子不对称及热效应导致汽轮发电机产生振动的原因，并对发电机转子工作异常现象进行分析。最后，结合工程实例对某电厂大修后开机过程中异常振动故障进行分析，为发电机工频振动诊断提供分析判断的思路和方法。     

电力电子与绿色能源

介绍了绿色能源的概念,以风力发电为重点介绍了电力电子技术在绿色能源发展中的应用以及分布式发电在绿色能源系统方面的应用.     

Crack growth direction effects on corrosion-fatigue behaviour of offshore wind turbine steel weldments

In this study corrosion-fatigue tests have been conducted on fracture mechanics specimens extracted from an S355 G10+M structural steel welded plate. The tests have been performed on compact tension specimens with the crack tip located in the heat affected zone. The corrosion-fatigue test results from this study have been compared with the data available on the base metal as well as air tests on the same material. Moreover, the obtained results have been compared with the corrosion-fatigue data available in the literature on a wide range of steels and also the fatigue trends for welded joints in free-corrosion condition recommended in the BS7910 Standard. The effect of the specimen orientation, with respect to the weld region, is also examined in this study and it has been found that higher corrosion-fatigue crack growth rates are generally observed in the tests with 0° orientation. The results have also shown that the corrosive environment has significant effects on the fatigue crack growth acceleration at the beginning of the tests; however, as the crack propagates, the environmental damage effect on crack growth behaviour becomes less pronounced. The results presented in this study are discussed in terms of improvement in the structural integrity assessment of offshore wind turbine monopiles.     

燃燃共同运行功率均衡控制策略研究

采用模块化,变比热的方法在labview平台上建立了燃气轮机动态模型,结合电机扭矩控制实现了燃气轮机特性的模拟。设计了燃燃联合运行负荷平均分配的控制策略,并进行了燃燃联合动力共同带负载的半物理仿真试验,试验结果证实采用本文设计的控制策略能实现负荷平均分配,动态过程比较稳定,设计的控制策略能基本满足要求。     

新型波浪潮流耦合发电轮机的研究

为解决海上偏远而分散的小功率用电设施的供电问题,探究潮流能与波浪能耦合发电的可行性,满足耦合发电轮机在耐久性、初级高效获能以及低成本和安全性等方面的要求,设计了一种新型波浪潮流耦合发电轮机。该发电轮机的主体结构由复合式导流罩、叶片轮机、固定式尾舵、发电机和浮子五部分组成,本文详细阐述了该发电轮机的机械设计过程及其结构优化设计思路,并针对叶片轮机进行了水槽性能试验分析。分析结果验证了该装置设计的合理性与科学性。