无人机在海上搜救中的应用探索

文中以无人机在搜救行动中承担的任务角色不同,分别探索无人机在实现搜寻定位、远距离视频传输和救援物资投放任务的原理和实现方式。     

舰船造型设计及其量化评价方法

由于缺乏前期顶层的概念创意和系统的理论指导及设计方法,舰船的艺术造型设计处在分散、孤立研究和个别运用的低级阶段。在现代工业设计思想的指导下,分析舰船造型设计与总体设计的相关性;基于功能论和系统工程理论,在舰船总体设计的各个阶段系统地开展造型设计,通过定量结构变化法和机能面关系界定法进行造型单元的变化与组合,生成既满足功能要求又符合审美取向的造型方案;建立舰船造型设计评价指标体系,采用层次分析法和多元模糊评价法,实现各项指标的权值计算和造型多方案评价结果的量化求解。     

中长周期波下“天麟号”绞吸挖泥船的施工适应性*

针对“天麟号”绞吸挖泥船在海外施工时遇到的中长周期波问题，建立“天麟号”的风浪流计算模型，计算不同波高、不同周期和不同浪向的船体波浪力，根据静力平衡方法得出三缆定位钢丝绳的作用荷载，根据最大荷载确定绞吸挖泥船能够施工的最大有效波高。结果表明，在中长周期范围内，随着波浪周期的增加，“天麟号”受到的波浪力逐渐减小，三缆定位钢丝绳的受力也逐步减小。波浪周期在13～16 s时，“天麟号”能够施工的最大有效波高为0.55 m，顶浪施工的最大有效波浪为0.76 m。     

A measure of linked‐trip accessibility

The concept of accessibility has been variously interpreted as being the “nearness to places,” the “nearness to activities” and more recently the “ease of participating in activities.” With each of these qualitative interpretations, there has also been a variety of quantitative definitions of accessibility. This paper shows that many of the proposed definitions of accessibility can in fact be gathered together to form a spectrum of accessibility measures. These measures differ with respect to the factors included in their formulation and their degree of behavioural interpretation.

Existing measures of accessibility are shown to be deficient in one major aspect. That is, they assume that for any one measure of accessibility there is but one origin of trips. Thus, in estimating the accessibility of a point within a region it is assumed that all potential trips, which contribute to the accessibility of that point, start from that single point. In view of the considerable amount of evidence demonstrating the widespread, and increasing, occurrence of trip‐linking such a proposition must be viewed as being rather doubtful.

In the light of this, the paper proceeds to develop a measure of accessibility which explicitly accounts for the linking of trips. The implications of this measure, compared to a conventional unlinked‐trip accessibility measure, are discussed as are some problems which are foreseen in the practical implementation of such a measure.     

基于LS-SVM的船舶动力定位有限时间控制器设计

为解决船舶模型存在的具有任意不确定性特征的船舶动力定位控制问题,基于有限时间Lyapunov理论提出一种非奇异快速终端滑模控制策略(NFTSMC),提高系统的收敛速度和抗干扰能力。针对模型不确定性问题,利用最小二乘支持向量机(LS-SVM)的非线性函数逼近技术进行补偿控制,引入"最小参数"技术,将在线学习参数减少到1个,解决"维数灾难"问题。仿真对比结果表明,提出的控制策略具有较高的优越性。     

卫星定位轨迹最小二乘拟合适应性分析

卫星定位技术在列控系统深入应用,轨道信息数字化是其中的关键问题。提出一种基于卫星轨迹最小二乘拟合的轨道数据采集方法,并针对地理坐标系距离计算和非线性映射两个问题,提出3个假设条件。当待拟合的卫星定位数据满足这3个假设条件时,可以使用最小二乘方法获得轨道的近似最优解。     

浅谈系泊设备安装拉线定位工艺

为保证船舶系泊设备的安装、调试过程中做到有序合理,施工精度需符合图纸及相关船东、船级社的要求,使用性能符合船级社及ISO标准要求。根据南通象屿海洋装备有限责任公司实际执行情况,并结合系泊设备实际操作使用惯例,阐述了系泊设备安装拉线定位工艺的主要工艺技术要求及施工注意要点。     

A bus route evaluation model based on GIS and super-efficient data envelopment analysis

When compared to large cities in developed countries, the shares of public transportation in most Chinese cities are low. Increasing the competitiveness of urban public transportation remains an urgent problem. A capable evaluation method for public transportation is required to assist the development of urban transit systems. This paper focuses on the bus system. Being devoid of standard criteria, it is difficult to determine the efficiency of a transit system or any bus line using a single evaluation index. This paper proposes a comparative analysis to evaluate bus lines so as to filter out candidates for further optimization. From the viewpoints of transit planning, operation and quality of service, this paper establishes 10 subordinate evaluation indices and then uses geographical information system tools, global positioning system data and smart card data to assist the index definition and calculation. Super-efficient data envelopment analysis (DEA) method is adopted for the proposed single factor and comprehensive evaluation models. Finally, the bus system in Shenzhen, China is used as a case study. The comparable significant results validate the capability of the proposed model.     

基于广域实时精密定位的铁路作业车管理系统

针对铁路作业车安全生产和高效管理的需求,提出了综合应用GPS、GIS、3G/GPRS等先进技术的作业车信息化管理方案,提高作业车的管理效率.利用广域实时精密定位技术提高作业车的定位精度,测试结果表明能够达到分米级的定位精度.     

高速公路车道工控机硬件性能评价指标分析

通过对京秦高速公路车道工控机硬件性能作定性分析,可为高速公路车道工控机优化调整和改造升级提供参考和借鉴.