Construction of traffic state vector using mutual information for short-term traffic flow prediction

Short-term traffic flow prediction is an integral part in most of Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS) research and applications. Many researchers have already developed various methods that predict the future traffic condition from the historical database. Nevertheless, there has not been sufficient effort made to study how to identify and utilize the different factors that affect the traffic flow. In order to improve the performance of short-term traffic flow prediction, it is necessary to consider sufficient information related to the road section to be predicted. In this paper, we propose a method of constructing traffic state vectors by using mutual information (MI). First, the variables with different time delays are generated from the historical traffic time series, and the spatio-temporal correlations between the road sections in urban road network are evaluated by the MI. Then, the variables with the highest correlation related to the target traffic flow are selected by using a greedy search algorithm to construct the traffic state vector. The K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) model is adapted for the application of the proposed state vector. Experimental results on real-world traffic data show that the proposed method of constructing traffic state vector provides good prediction accuracy in short-term traffic prediction.     

A study of traveler behavior under traffic information-provided conditions in the Beijing area

ABSTRACT

The quality of traffic information has become one of the most important factors that can affect the distribution of urban and highway traffic flow by changing the travel route, transportation mode, and travel time of travelers and trips. Past research has revealed traveler behavior when traffic information is provided. This paper summarizes the related study achievements from a survey conducted in the Beijing area with a specially designed questionnaire considering traffic conditions and the provision of traffic information services. With the survey data, a Logit model is estimated, and the results indicate that travel time can be considered the most significant factor that affects highway travel mode choice between private vehicles and public transit, whereas trip purpose is the least significant factor for private vehicle usage for both urban and highway travel.     

基于交通网络数据集的动态路径诱导系统规划与实现探讨

智能交通是当前公认的有效解决交通拥堵、能源消耗及交通污染等突出问题的根本途径,而动态的交通诱导系统则是智能交通的核心研究领域之一,并一直被学术界和企业界所关注。当前已有诸多成果,但能广泛应用于实际交通环境的不多,通过着重探讨基于交通网络数据集下的动态路径诱导系统的规划设计与实现方式,有利于交通动态路径诱导系统的开发应用。     

基于ADC模型的炮兵指挥信息系统效能评估

ADC模型是一种常用的解析评估方法，其数学过程严格，所获得的效能分析结果含义明确，被认为是有效、通用的模型。利用ADC模型对炮兵指挥信息系统进行了静态效能评估，分析了系统的有效性、可信赖性，得到了评估炮兵指挥信息系统的一种方法。     

山区公路驾驶视觉信息量计算方法研究

为解决山区公路中驾驶视觉信息量难以量化的问题，对驾驶视野图像进行分割，根 据HSV颜色模型，提取视野图像的色调、饱和度、亮度值，再结合车速值，在驾驶视觉心理负荷的基础上，提出山区公路路域环境下的驾驶视觉信息量计算方法.通过实车实验，进行数据采集，并验证计算方法.计算结果表明，在半郁闭型空间行驶时，接收的视觉信息量最大；在郁闭型空间中，接收的信息量最小.计算结果与被试实际感受具有一致性，说明本文提出的驾驶视觉信息量计算方法具有可行性，可为路域环境的合理布设提供一定的技术参考.     

Assessing carbon emissions from road transport through traffic flow estimators

Carbon emissions from road transport are one of the main issues related to modern transport planning. To address them adequately, the acquisition of reliable data about traffic flow is an essential prerequisite. However, the large quantity and the heterogeneity of available information often cause problems; missing or incomplete data are one of the most critical aspects. This paper discusses how technology handles imperfect information in order to obtain more accurate quantification of CO₂ emissions. First, an analysis of single estimators and combination models is provided, highlighting their main characteristics. Then, the TANINO model (Tool for the Analysis of Non-conservative Carbon Emissions In TraNspOrt) is presented, jointly developed at the University of Seville and at the IUAV University of Venice. It consists of two different modules: the first is a combination model that optimizes the results of three traffic flow single estimators, while the second is a macro-model of carbon evaluation, which takes into account road infrastructure, vehicle type and traffic conditions. TANINO is then tested to calculate CO₂ emissions along the ring road of the Spanish city of Seville, showing its more efficient performance, compared to the single estimators normally adopted for such aims. Transport planning can benefit from the adequate knowledge of traffic flows and related CO₂ emissions, since it allows a more reliable monitoring of the progresses granted by specific carbon policies.     

Methods using belief functions to manage imperfect information concerning events on the road in VANETs

Different models using belief functions are proposed and compared in this article to share and manage imperfect information about events on the road in vehicular networks. In an environment without infrastructure, the goal is to provide to driver the synthesis of the situation on the road from all acquired information. Different strategies are considered: discount or reinforce towards the absence of the event to take into account messages agings, keep the original messages or only the fusion results in vehicles databases, consider the world update, manage the spatiality of traffic jams by taking into account neighborhood. Methods are tested and compared using a Matlab™ simulator. Two strategies are introduced to tackle fog blankets spatiality; they are compared through an example.     

基于深度特征聚类的高排放移动污染源自动识别

传统的高排放移动源识别方式是将采集的尾气数据与预先设定的排放阈值进行比较判 定，但是，排放阈值的设定很大程度上取决于人为标准，并且忽视了外部因素对尾气排放的影响， 无法真正反映移动源排放水平。针对此问题，本文结合机器学习算法，提出一种基于深度特征聚 类的高排放移动源识别方法。首先，利用随机森林算法筛选出不同污染物(CO、HC、NO)排放的 主要影响特征；其次，对多维影响特征进行聚类分析，获取高排放类别标签；最后，训练得到基于 深度森林的移动污染源分类模型，自动识别高排放目标源。通过对比实验，在合肥市机动车污染 遥测数据集上验证了所提方法的有效性。     

基于Autodesk的堤坝BIM模型构建与信息化框架开发与应用

为了解决现有技术下的堤坝BIM三维线框模型缺陷,根据堤坝工程的特点及其模型构建需求,建立了堤坝BIM模型构建与信息化框架。该框架包含堤坝工程的编码标准、命名体系、断面提取功能与三维实体生成功能等内容,可将几何模型与属性信息自动融合为实体BIM模型。该框架能在不同BIM软件平台下实施,选取Autodesk平台的Civil 3D与Revit进行. Net二次开发,在相关工程中进行了实践,成功构建了BIM模型,提高了工作效率,对堤坝工程的BIM全流程应用具有参考意义。     

舰船电力系统智能化发展趋势探究

随着舰船电力系统朝着下一代发展,其系统规模将越来越大、结构越来越复杂并且地位也越来越高。利用现代信息技术及智能理论全面提升舰船电力系统的发展水平成为了目前的迫切需求,而信息化、智能化也必将成为舰船电力系统未来的发展方向。该文从统一的数据交互标准、智能诊断与重构、三维可视化和信息安全等角度对舰船电力系统的智能化发展趋势进行分析和论述,对于其未来的发展具有一定的借鉴意义。