船舶企业起重作业安全风险的控制

起重作业伤害是船舶企业常见的安全生产的典型事故之一,起重作业的安全管理直接关系到船舶企业整体的安全管理工作。文章分析了起重作业伤害的现状与特点,指出了控制起重作业伤害的关键。     

内河航运CORS系统动态测试新方法

随着CORS技术的发展以及航运定位精度要求的提高,我国内河亟需建立各自的航运CORS系统,而传统的CORS系统精度测试无法全面反映系统实际精度。提出了一种基于内河航运CORS系统的动态测试新方案,顾及了用户实际需求和内河航运CORS系统的特点,并以长江干线连续运行参考站系统测试为例,验证该测试方法的可行性,分析讨论测试结果,为内河航运CORS系统的测试提供新的思路。     

内河限制性航道通航尺度及跨航桥梁拆建方案探讨

在长江三角洲杭嘉湖平原地区内河限制性航道等级提升改建工程中,通过对航道尺度、船舶水线以上高度、通航水位、通航安全及桥梁改建难度的综合分析,提出近期跨航桥梁拆建方案和保留桥梁通航安全保障措施,为内河航道升级改造提供参考。     

马恩航运经济思想的研究与启示简

马恩航运思想是尚待挖掘的宝藏。轮船作为当时主要的交通运输方式,时间和空间都为马恩研究航运业提供了条件。但其思想没有形成系统的理论体系,只散见于著作之中。本文从航运业的性质、航运业与资本主义产生、航运业与工业化的耦合关系以及与港口城市发展四个方面进行了初步研究和整理,并就其对当今我国发展航运经济的启示进行了几点归纳。     

Shipping economics: where we are and looking ahead from an institutional economics perspective [1]

There have been significant changes in the nature of shipping services in recent years. These have been most notably in the liner segment, but other parts of the market have not remained static. Technology shifts have been responsible for some of the change, but there have also been developments in institutional structures and managerial approaches. The economic drivers behind the sector, however, remain relatively poorly understood, despite a copious literature on shipping. Managerial economics has tended to put emphasis on the emergence of more sophisticated logistics structures and the role of information to tighten the overall supply chain. Industrial economists have been concerned with technical change and in particular with its interaction with more liberal markets structures. Often tied with this has been interest in the underlying nature of shipping markets (e.g. competitive, monopolistic or contestable) and, depending on the outcome, whether there is price leadership, collusion, predatory behaviour or whatever. Much of this work has been aspatial, treating shipping as any other industry with distance between demand and supply ignored or incorporated in a very simplistic manner. Environmental economists have focused on matters of fuel efficiency and pollution. This paper takes a broad overview of shipping economics in the context of the larger institutional framework within which it operates. It seeks broader analysis within an institutional economics framework, but also highlights some of the problems of achieving this.     

航运安全管理工作的几点思考

随着航运事业的蓬勃发展，船舶、船公司迅速增加，为提高岸上和船上安全管理水平，减少或避免船舶事故发生，对航运安全管理的理念和方法提出了相关建议，该建议对现代航运企业的安全和管理具有一定的参考价值。     

基于动态二叉树的西江航运干线多梯级船闸链调度

针对西江航运船闸调度以经验管理为主、缺乏有效定量分析现状,提出了基于船闸拥堵系数、船舶日积压损失、航道安全水位各要素于一体的西江航运干线多梯级船闸联合调度链。基于西江航运干线天然的叶脉状分布特点,提出了动态二叉树模型的西江多梯级船闸链的调度算法。结果表明:通过对船舶的合理分流,能够有效缓解船闸滞航减少事故发生率。其模型已应用于航运管理部门,有效地优化了船闸链调度、保障了航运物资安全。     

Reposition of empty containers of different life stages integrated with liner shipping network design

ABSTRACT

This paper integrates empty container reposition with container shipping network design considering the container life stages. A mixed-integer linear programming model is built to determine the liner shipping network, the initial launch ports of new containers, the ports for scrapping obsolete containers, the empty container reposition scheme and the containers of different life stages being used for a specific voyage. A case study is done by taking liner shipping among China, Japan and South Korea, Southeast Asia, Europe and the US as an example. The results show that over 93% of new containers are put into use in China while 63% of old containers are scrapped in Europe or the US, and 73% of containers used for packing cargoes from China to the US are those at the Decline Stage or the Exit Stage.     

Autonomous technologies in short sea shipping: trends,feasibility and implications

ABSTRACT

The maritime industry has been continuously transforming the nature of its business and striving to embrace technology in many aspects. In this context, autonomous technologies have been receiving momentum with a potential to revolutionise the landscape of shipping industry. After conducting a comprehensive literature review on the issues facing by the short sea shipping (SSS) industry, a model is developed to explore the potential savings of removing crew and use of autonomous technologies through a Continuously Unmanned Ship (CUS) that is operated by a Shore Control Centre (SCC). The analysis shows that autonomous technologies are viable to the challenges that the shipping industry is facing in terms of crew costs and skill shortage. To validate this statement, a case study is selected and various scenarios were tested based on relevant operational and financial considerations, including crew arrangement, cargo utilisation levels and shore wage coefficients. The results suggest that the savings occur in demand-uncertain markets and where a network of vessels are operated via a control centre. While autonomous technology use in shipping holds promise, there remain several limitations that this research addresses in terms of implementation, commercial attractiveness, risk profile, legislative, workforce planning and port operations.     

International emission regulation in sea transport: Economic feasibility and impact

Emissions from shipping due to the burning of the sulphur content of marine fuels conduce to air pollution in the form of sulphur dioxide and particulate matter. Various international organisations and institutions impose environmental standards on their member states to limit the emission of greenhouse gases. This paper examines both the potential effects of the emerging international maritime emission regulations on the competition between seaports and the potential underlying economic motivations fostering the discussion of introducing Emission Control Areas. It focuses on deepsea shipping. Another novelty is that the environmental issues are addressed from a policy, an economic and a legislative viewpoint. For the policy-related part, it is found that the political theory of public choice suggests that not the green lobby but rather the petrochemical lobby is the major driving factor behind the very strict emission caps. A potential port shift from Northern Europe to Mediterranean ports seems unlikely due to logistics disadvantages and service problems in Southern European ports. Finally, no convincing proof was found that the main liner companies would be unprepared for this legislation and should be persuaded to change their routes in favour of Mediterranean ports solely on account of the various emission regulations. The legal analysis, however, showed that the current enforcement regime of MARPOL Annex VI should be improved in order to rule out the possibility of a low degree of compliance and to protect the competiveness of complying ships.