宁波轨道交通高架线综合降噪效果测试与分析

宁波轨道交通1号线一期工程高架线开展了无声屏障、全封闭声屏障、全封闭声屏障+梯形轨枕和全封闭声屏障+道床垫浮置式整体道床工况下的噪声对比测试试验.在各测量断面处布置7个噪声测点,并得到12.5～20000 Hz频段的噪声声压级与频谱曲线,分析各工况下噪声频谱特性与降噪效果.结果表明:仅采用全封闭声屏时,噪声源强处降噪效果最佳,且降噪效果随水平距离的增大呈衰减趋势;在全封闭声屏障的基础上采用梯形轨枕或道床垫浮置式整体道床后各测点(测点l除外)处降噪效果进一步增大,减振轨道确保了全封闭声屏障的降噪效果;减振轨道能有效减小桥梁结构噪声,但同时也增大了轮轨噪声;全封闭声屏障+道床垫浮置式整体道床的降噪效果优于全封闭声屏障+梯形轨枕.     

地铁车站站台火灾影响分析与人员疏散研究

掌握地铁车站站台火灾对人员的危害性及其发展规律是确保安全运营和人员高效疏散的前提.本文在计算流体动力学的基础上,结合Pyrosim仿真软件构建地铁车站站台火灾仿真模型.分析了站台内火灾烟气的扩散规律,并在此基础上根据热释放速率、火源数量及位置,以及排烟速率的不同设计火灾场景,探索这些因素变化对火灾发展的影响,并结合通风策略对人员疏散时间和速度进行比较分析.所得研究结论为站台火灾发生时的应急措施和人员疏散提供依据.     

贮存系统的联合维修策略

为了保证贮存系统的可用性,需要对其故障与否进行检测,针对该问题提出了包含定期检查和预先更换的维修策略。为了协调部件更换和备件供应,联合考虑了连续检查的（0,1）订货策略,所以联合维修策略包括维修策略和备件供应策略。基于联合策略建立了一个规划模型,在满足可用度约束条件下最小化平均总费用。基于更新过程,推导了贮存系统服从一般寿命分布的性能指标。以威布尔寿命分布为例,结果表明联合策略比独立策略更有效。     

基于三元阵的舰船水压场微弱信号检测方法研究

利用三元阵水压场同步测试系统一次海上实船水压场测试试验的三阵元数据开展了低信噪比实船水压场的特征提取和检测方法研究.结合三阵元,分别采用了自适应滤波方法和功率谱估计方法对所获得的试验数据进行分析处理.结果证明,基于自适应滤波和基于功率谱估计的三阵元联合浮动门限能量检测方法能有效抵消噪声干扰,所设计的浮动门限随海浪背景噪声的变化而调整,具有很好的适应性,能在低信噪比下达到较高的信号检测率.     

提高国内航行船舶检验质量的措施与方法

国际海事公约是船舶检验工作的主要依据之一,本文介绍船舶法定检验质量管理体系的建立和运行,加强与港澳接轨,保障国内航行船舶检验质量的措施;提出进一步提高国内航行船舶法定检验质量的解决方法,以使国内航行船舶检验工作更好地向国际公约靠拢。     

Two-dimensional numerical simulation and experiment on strongly nonlinear wave–body interactions

A constrained interpolation profile (CIP)-based Cartesian grid method for strongly nonlinear wave–body interaction problems is presented and validated by a newly designed experiment, which is performed in a two-dimensional wave channel. In the experiment, a floating body that has a rectangular section shape is used. A superstructure is installed on the deck and a small floating-body freeboard is adopted in order to easily obtain water-on-deck phenomena. A forced oscillation test in heave and a wave–body interaction test are carried out. The numerical simulation is performed by the CIP-based Cartesian grid method, which is described in this paper. The CIP scheme is applied in the Cartesian grid-based flow solver. New improvements of the method include an interface-capturing method that applies the tangent of hyperbola for interface capturing (THINC) scheme and a virtual particle method for the floating body. The efficiency of the THINC scheme is shown by a dam-breaking computation. Numerical simulations on the experimental problem for both the forced oscillation test and the wave–body interaction test are carried out, and the results are compared to the measurements. All of the comparisons are reasonably good. It is shown, based on the numerical examples, that the present CIP-based Cartesian grid method is an accurate and efficient method for predicting strongly nonlinear wave–body interactions.     

Workspace analysis to generate a collision-free torch path for a ship welding robot

We propose a method to determine the optimal initial location and to generate torch paths for a ship welding robot with 6 degrees of freedom (DOF). The optimal initial location is determined using an objective function, which is set up by combining constraints on the torch posture, manipulability, and the range of each joint angle to avoid collisions. A genetic algorithm (GA) is used to optimize the objective function because it does not require additional derivatives. After the initial location is determined, torch paths are generated by interpolating the starting point, endpoints and torch postures using inverse kinematics. Our method can be applied to automate the welding job for each block during ship building, irrespective of the shape of the robots, by changing the objective function.     

如何应对化学品分类协会检查

为了帮助散装化学品船舶船长和岸基管理人员更细致、更深入地了解化学品分类协会检查,介绍其背景,检查目的、要求和程序。通过分析某公司近年来20余条散装化学品船舶CDI检查结果,总结出CDI检查前的应做的准备工作、检查过程中具体应对措施,并给出了如何减少CDI检查中遗留的观察项的建议。     

杭州湾跨海大桥南航道桥钢锚箱施工技术

杭州湾跨海大桥南航道桥为A形独塔双索面钢箱梁斜拉桥,索塔锚固区采用混凝土结合钢锚箱结构,此结构形式在我国尚属新工艺。文章主要介绍了南航道桥钢锚箱安装施工工艺、施工难点及解决措施。结果表明,其轴线偏位、高程、垂直度等全部满足规范要求。     

基于系统规划的公路桥收费策略

在我国有公路桥的城市很多,为此制定相应的基于系统最优的公路桥收费策略,不仅可以方便居民的正常出行,还有助于政府利用桥梁收费达到城市交通平衡和解决市政桥梁建设资金问题的双重目的。