从世界贸易看航运市场分布格局

分析了对世界矿产品、原油、农作物贸易及运量,阐述了世界航运市场的分布格局,指出我国的自有运力与进口需求还不相配。为满足国家安全的战略要求,要按照我国提出的"国货国运"政策,鼓励国内船东做强做大。     

Big data and artificial intelligence in the maritime industry: a bibliometric review and future research directions

ABSTRACT

This study provides a bibliometric review of 279 studies on the applications of big data and artificial intelligence (AI) in the maritime industry, published in 214 academic outlets, authored by 842 scholars. We extracted bibliographical data from the Web of Science database and analysed it using the Bibliometrix tool in R software. Based on citation analysis metrics, we revealed the most influential articles, journals, authors and institutions. Using the bibliographic coupling methodology, we identified four underlying research clusters: (1) digital transformation in maritime industry, (2) applications of big data from AIS, (3) energy efficiency and (4) predictive analytics. We analysed these clusters in detail and extracted future research questions. Besides, we present research collaboration networks on the institution and author level.     

Effects of regulation-driven green innovations on short sea shipping's environmental and economic performance

Despite its pivotal role in European trade, today’s short sea shipping (SSS) industry faces the dual challenge of lessening its environmental footprint while improving its economic performance. To reduce the pollution caused by their operations, SSS companies are required to comply with increasingly stringent environmental regulations enacted by global and regional authorities such as the European Union and the International Maritime Organization. However, the companies tend to regard those regulations as imposing an additional burden of cost that compromises their capacity to enhance their economic performance. This paper examines the impact of external institutional driver namely regulatory pressure on the adoption of green innovations in SSS and in turn, the impact of those innovations on the environmental and economic performance of SSS companies. To investigate the hypothesised relationships of those constructs, a structural equation model was developed and tested with data from a survey conducted amongst 101 short sea shipping companies headquartered in Europe. As detailed in the paper, the analysis revealed that regulatory pressure has generated green innovations that have enhanced the environmental and economic performance of European SSS companies and, as a result, led to a win–win situation for all parties involved. The paper discusses what those findings imply for SSS firm managers and policymakers who seek to improve the environmental or economic performance of Europe’s SSS industry.     

ANFIS model for assessing near-miss risk during tanker shipping voyages

Adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) was applied to predict the risk of near-miss incidents during tanker shipping voyages. Firstly, near-miss incidents recorded by a global tanker shipping management company were analysed. Four variables—type of operation, vessel’s location, on-board position, and harm potential were selected to train and predict the risk levels of near-miss incidents. The selected variables were found to be correlated with the observed frequency at three risk levels, namely low, medium and high. Gravity factor (GF) was calculated using the frequency of the categories in each variable and their associated risk levels. The calculated GF values and the risk levels of near-miss incidents were used as input values in the ANFIS model. Triangular, Trapezoidal and Gaussian membership functions were used. Subsequently, fuzzy logical theory and artificial neural networks were applied to train the data. Causal factors in terms of direct contributory factors, indirect contributory factors and root contributory factors to the near-miss incidents were analysed. Risk control measures were also proposed to improve safety during tanker shipping.     

Integrating multi-stage data envelopment analysis and a fuzzy analytical hierarchical process to evaluate the efficiency of major global liner shipping companies

In this study, we establish a multi-stage data envelopment analysis model to evaluate the efficiency of global liner shipping companies (LSCs). Because conventional solution procedures cannot guarantee the uniqueness of solutions, in this study, we specifically devise a new two-phase algorithm to overcome this problem. The first phase ranks the priority of all stages by applying fuzzy analytical hierarchical process. The second phase then solves the efficiency score for each stage according to its priority. We established and empirically tested a three-stage research model based on data collected from the Containerization International Year Book, the Alphaliner website and annual LSC reports for the year 2012. The results show that the proposed algorithm not only determines unique solutions for the efficiency scores but also determines the priority order of the stages involved in this process. Taking advantage of the proposed model and algorithm, LSCs can effectively locate bottlenecks in their production processes and further improve them by adjusting the values of the corresponding input and output variables. In addition, the priority order of the stages obtained from the empirical study can also help LSCs allocate their resources.     

内燃机发电机组国际准入制度介绍

针对我国内燃机发电机组的发展和出口情况,介绍主要出口国及地区的市场准入制度,为我国内燃机发电机组企业出口提供技术指导,以应对国际日益复杂的市场环境,进一步提升我国内燃机发电机组产品的国际竞争力。     

三体船随浪中的破舱稳性研究

以一三体船型为例,研究了三体船型在波浪中的破舱稳性。对不同的破舱位置和侧体位置的多种方案进行了计算,结果表明:侧体位置不同时,最危险的破舱位置亦不同,并且破舱位置对稳性损失的影响随着侧体横向位置的增大而减小;侧体位置位于船舯时破舱稳性较好,侧体横向距离越大破舱稳性越好。     

北极航运及冰区船舶主机功率探讨

简要介绍北极地区航运情况与特点,分别利用芬兰-瑞典冰级规范、芬兰-瑞典冰级规范导则及美国船级社抗冰级船舶指导说明,对一艘阿芙拉型(Aframax)油轮进行1A冰级主机功率加强计算,指出规范计算1A冰级阿芙拉型油轮的不足。讨论虽然针对1A冰级船舶,但对于PC7级船舶的主机功率计算也有指导意义。     

国际某港口PPP/BOT项目招标文件案例分析

采用文本分析方法,对国际某港口项目招标文件进行分析,以帮助国际PPP/BOT项目投标人做出恰当的投标决策。分析内容包括:项目背景、招标程序、招标文件的组成、投标要求、风险分担。分析结果表明,该招标的时间安排比较仓促,不能满足投标人投标所需要的时间;招标文件的组成不够完善,没有提供投标人投标重要依据的项目特许权协议草案;项目投标要求的编制比较清晰,但涉及项目风险分担的规定比较笼统模糊,而且让特许权受让人承担法律、政策变更的风险不尽合理。认为,由于国际PPP/BOT项目具有前期沉没成本高的特点,投标者应在研究招标文件的基础上,采取"以我为主"的投标策略,设定投标的底线,并将其在投标书中体现出来,这样才能更好地实现投资国际PPP/BOT项目的目标。